One of the problems with abalone farms is that they need to be checked frequently after feeding them or visited once or twice a day and that the amount of food intake constantly fluctuates due to changes in water temperature around the farm and typhoons. In addition, the condition of abalone is not constant as it is divided into places that eat well and do not eat well according to its location. In order to solve this problem, there is a method of measuring the amount of food intake by using a load cell that can measure even the smallest weight in an abalone farm. Through this study, we implemented a system capable of measuring the amount of abalone feed required for systematic management of abalone farms and real-time monitoring using mobile and client PCs.
RNA interference (RNAi)-based strategy has been developed to control various phytophagous chewing pests. However, only a few cases of RNAi-based control success have been reported for sucking pests, suggesting that sucking pests likely ingest less amount of transgenic subcellular hairpin RNA (or dsRNA). In this study, as the basic information for the establishment of ingestion RNAi against sucking pests, feeding amount and time course of plant subcellular fractions of the four sucking pest species (Frankliniella occidentalis, Frankliniella intonsa, Tetranychus urticae and Nilaparvata lugans) were determined by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Adults of the four species were starved for 24 h and then fed with kidney bean leaf (F. occidentalis, F. intonsa, T. urticae) or rice leaf (N. lugens) for 48 h. The leaf-fed adults were collected every 6-h interval and their genomic DNA was extracted. The ingested fractions of chloroplast and nuclear were quantified using rubisco and 50s rRNA as marker genes, respectively. The ingested amount of rubisco and 50s rRNA genes in F. occidentalis, F. intonsa and T. urticae showed rapid increasing pattern after feeding and then slightly reduced over time. In contrast, N. lugens neither ingest nuclear nor showed any distinct feeding pattern of chloroplast. These results demonstrate that F. occidentalis, F. intonsa and T. urticae ingest both chloroplasts and nucleus along with cytosol as cell-feeders but N. lugens, a phloem sap feeder, does not ingest nucleus during sucking. Our findings further suggest that ingestion RNAi-based control strategy would work better for cell-feeding sucking pests compared to phloem sap-feeding sucking pests.
두류 품종별 잎특성에 따른 담배거세미나방 유충의 발육과 식엽량을 조사하였다.유충 기간은 검정콩 l호에서 11.5일로 가장 짧았으며, 대광땅콩에서 15.7일로 가장 길어어 두류 품종에 따라 현저한 차이가 있었다. 유충의 영기별 발육기간은 l령에서 3 .2~5.0일로 가장 길였으며, 4령에서 1.0- I.5일로 가장 짧았다. 유충의 식엽량은 영기가 증가함수록 현저하게 증가하여 마지막 6 령기 동안의 식엽량이 유충기간 총 식엽량의 약 55~74%를 차지하였다. 그리고 유충의 성별 식엽량은 수컷보다 암컷에서 많은 경향이었다. 하지만 유충의 사망율과 성비는 두류 품종별 식엽량과는 관련이 없었다.
Introduction : The obesity can be a serious problem that frequently induces a great deal of complications. Numerous methods have been applied to control obesity and one of them is aromatherapy. This study is a first attempt to verify the effect of the inhalation of essential oils on the obesity. This study was designed as the animal study, because the human study has many socio-psycho compounding variables.
Methods : This study was designed to verify the effect of inhalation of essential oils on the body weight, feeding amount, food efficiency rate and serum leptin of SD rats. The research design is repeated measures over time, equivalent control group pretest-posttest experimental design. The subjects of this experiment were obese SD rats. They were allocated to one of four groups, the Fennel G., the Patchouli G., the Bergamot G. and control G. The experimental treatment was the inhalation of aromatherapy essential oils (Fennel, Patchouli, Bergamot). The experimental treatment was applied two times a day for 10 minutes each during 8 weeks. To evaluate the effect of inhalation of essential oils, the body weight, feeding amount and food efficiency rate was measured every week and serum leptin was measured before and after the experiment. The collected data was analyzed by repeated measures of ANOVA, Greenhouse-Geisser, ANOVA, Tukey, Kruskal Wallis test and χ²- test with SPSS program.
Results : The results were as follows. The subjects of this study was 84 obese SD rats(40 males and 44 females). The means of age and body weight in obese SD rats were 30 weeks and 344.6g. The food efficiency rate was significantly lower in the Patchouli group and Fennel group than in Bergamot group and control group(P=.000). No significant group effects were found, but significant time effects were found for SD rat's body weight, feeding amount and serum leptin.
Conclusions : In conclusion, these findings indicate that the inhalation of essential oils could be effective in lowering the food efficiency rate. 2)