This study aims to examine the effects of job demand factors (hazardous exposure, job autonomy, and labor intensity) on the psychological well-being of construction workers, focusing on the mediating role of sleep quality. The construction industry, characterized by irregular work conditions and exposure to multiple risks, poses significant challenges to workers’ physical and mental health. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to empirically analyze the relationships among job demands, sleep quality, and well-being. Data were drawn from the 7th Korean Working Conditions Survey (KWCS, 2023), including 2,694 construction workers. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to verify reliability and validity. A structural equation model was estimated using AMOS 26.0, and bootstrapping with 2,000 resamples was performed to test the mediating effects. The findings revealed that both hazardous factors and labor intensity had significant effects on sleep quality and well-being, with sleep quality partially mediating these relationships. Job autonomy had a strong positive direct effect on well-being but did not significantly affect sleep quality. High exposure to hazards and intensive labor tended to lower sleep quality, thereby reducing overall well-being. The model showed good fit indices (CFI=0.991, RMSEA=0.028). The study concludes that improving workers’ well-being in the construction industry requires not only reducing hazardous exposure and adjusting labor intensity but also implementing measures to enhance sleep quality. Moreover, job autonomy plays a key role in promoting psychological well-being. Future research should explore longitudinal analyses and the interaction effects between sleep quality and job autonomy.

This study was conducted to verify the impact of hazardous risk factors in manufacturing workplaces on worker safety behaviors, focusing on the mediating effect of safety climate, and to establish safety management strategies in manufacturing workplaces and to suggest practical measures to improve worker safety. For this study, the results of the ‘10th Occupational Safety and Health Survey’ conducted by the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency’s Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute in 2021 were used as analysis data for 3,255 manufacturing workplaces with 20 or more regular workers. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 24.0 program for descriptive statistical analysis, validity and reliability verification, correlation and multiple regression analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis. As a result of the study, first, hazardous risk factors were confirmed to have a negative effect on workers' safety behaviors. Second, hazardous risk factors were confirmed to have a negative effect on safety climate. Third, safety climate was confirmed to have a positive effect on workers' safety behaviors. Fourth, it was verified that the safety climate had a partial mediating effect in the relationship between hazardous risk factors and workers’ safety behavior in the workplace. Through this study, it was found that hazardous risk factors had a negative effect on workers’ safety behavior. This emphasizes that efforts to systematically manage and minimize hazardous risk factors in the workplace are important in promoting workers’ safety behavior. In addition, it was confirmed that the safety climate had an important mediating effect in the relationship between hazardous risk factors and workers’ safety behavior. In other words, it can be seen that the safety climate can alleviate the negative effect of hazardous risk factors on workers’ safety behavior. These research results suggest that reducing hazardous risk factors in the workplace and improving the safety climate can have a positive effect on workers’ safety behavior practice, thereby preventing industrial accidents.

Exposure to the indoor air pollutants could be associated with the risk of developing atopic dermatitis, including allergic symptoms and exacerbations. A total of Fifty homes who had a past or current symptoms of atopic dermatitis were enrolled in the study. To rate the levels of environmental factor, we measured concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, Heavy metals XRF (X-Ray Fluorescene), Bacteria (CFU/m3), mold (CFU/m3) in dust of the children’s houses. The prevalence of atopic dermatitis in children is increasing especially in Urban areas. Exposure to levels of indoor environmental factor and air pollutants has been related to atopic dermatitis development. The house dust were higher for the results of atopy, asthma patients analyzed fungi and bacteria, resulting XRF measurements Cr (chromium), As (arsenic), Br (bromine), Cd (cadmium), Hg (mercury), Pb (lead) etc. this has a significant relationship. Recent studies have shown that indoor air pollutants control is beneficial in reducing atopic dermatitis prevalence and development. Urban areas children are exposed to kinds of indoor environmental factor and air pollutants that may lead to atopic dermatitis development.

Flexible production system has been expanded to all sectors of economy with the change of labor market and diversification of employment. The unstable employment with irregular work has replaced stable employment with regular work. This study has investigate the impact pathway of the type of employment on health status especially ill-health symptoms experiences. Among the first Korean Working Conditions Survey data, the employee's response data was used to analyze the path way with multiple regression analysis. The result has shown the direct effect of the type of employment on ill-health symptoms experience. Indirect effect of the type of employment was found the pathway via the exposure to noise, high temperature, low temperature, dust, skin contact to chemicals, painful posture, heavy material handling, standing position, repetitive movement of hands. However the exposure to the other hazardous factors such as organic solvent, wholebody vibration, radiation, lifting people, infectious materials were not influenced by the type of employment.

The purpose of this study is to identify hazardous physical factors and chemical air pollutants in conservation museum in order to protect the cultural heritage. For this, we collected and re-analyzed the articles that were published from 2006 to 2007 by National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage for temperature, relative humidity and the level of pollutants (PM₁₀, CO₂, HCHO, CO, NO₂, Rn, TVOCs, O₃, SO₂) in exhibition hall and storage in museum. The pooled average level of temperature at exhibition hall and storage in museum was 23.5±1.4℃ and 20.6±1.1℃, respectively. The range of temperature variation was 5.4℃ for exhibition hall and 4.5℃ for storage. The pooled average concentration of TVOCs in exhibition hall and storage in museum was 493.6±125.6㎍/m³ and 788.9±157.5㎍/m³, respectively. These exceeded 400㎍/ m³ which is the guideline of national law for the Korean Ministry of Public Administration and Security (KMOPAS). Other surveyed pollutants were as per the guidelines of the national law for the Korean Ministry of Environment (KMOE) and the KMOPAS. Through the consideration of the physical and chemical properties and the result of meta-analysis for thermal environment and surveyed temperature, humidity, PM₁₀, NO₂, SO₂, O₃, TVOCs, and HCHO were the identified hazardous physical factors and chemical pollutants at exhibition halls and storages in museum.