In-beop-dang (因法堂) is a building type that can confirm the complex space composition of the hermitage in the late Joseon Period, which is designed to accommodate various functions such as Buddhist priesthood, living spaces, and auditoriums. These facts have been confirmed mainly through plan analysis in many previous researches. However, such a plan composition has the potential to lead to more in-depth research when dealt with consideration of the Korean traditional wooden structure. In particular, the composition of upper structure in In-beop-dang with Toi-maru in front of the On-dol room can be considered from the perspective of structural response to wooden architecture in the Joseon period after the introduction of Toi-maru. Based on the achievements of these prior studies, this paper was conducted to examine the compositional characteristics, including the upper structure of the Wha-jang-am (華藏庵) In-beop-dang. In order to examine the universal aspects of structural type changes to cope with the complex spatial composition of the In-beop-dang, the cases of an in-mountain hermitage of Kim Nyong-sa(金龍寺) Temple, Geum-seon-dae (金仙臺), Yang-jin-am (養眞庵), and Dae-sung-am (大成庵).

This study aims to comprehend architectural peculiarity of the hermitage as the one of Buddhist architectural type in Korea. Although it has not defined properly, it has been demanded the architectural respondence according to the environment of times since the introduction from other countries. Gimryong-sa temple, founded in 1635, and the hermitages are the most appropriate objects for analysis because there are many documents still remained. It is possible to find out that there are some architectural peculiarity after review of the document and the field survey about Geumseon-am(金仙庵=金仙臺), Hwajang-am(華藏庵), Daeseong-am(大成庵), Yangjin-am(養 眞庵). In the late of Joseon Dynasty, the group of buddhist proceeded the economical development and the extension of authority based on the family culture. The hermitage functioned for the self-discipline, the meeting of family, the enshrinement of portraits, the memorial ceremony of family at this point. In response to that, the architectural space which had combined residence and rite became preferred such as Inbeopdang(因法堂). And a Large Ondol room called Daejungbang(大重房) was applied and Ru(樓)-Maru was added as the place for rest.

회백색 응회암으로 구성된 경주 골굴암 마애불의 효과적인 보존처리를 위하여 구성암석의 특 징과 보존처리제 적용에 따른 효과를 살펴보았다. 구성암석은 팽윤성 광물인 몬모릴로나이트를 3-5% 함유하고 있으며, 물과 반응 후 팽윤성 광물의 층간간격이 증가함을 보였다(1.54-2.69%). 에틸실리케 이트 암석강화제를 적용한 후 시편의 표면 경도, 흡수율, 공극률 등의 물성은 향상되었으나 팽윤성 광 물의 층간간격이 감소하였으며(4.23-12.12%), 팽윤성 광물의 함량이 많을수록 그 정도는 컸다. 팽윤저 지제를 선 처리한 후 강화제를 적용하였을 때 물성은 강화제만을 처리하였을 때와 거의 유사한 결과 를 보였다. 팽윤저지제만의 처리로는 팽윤성 광물의 층간간격이 거의 변화되지 않았으며, 팽윤저지제 처리 후 강화제를 처리하였을 때는 XRD 패턴에서 팽윤성 광물의 세기는 줄어들었으나 층간간격의 변화는 강화제만을 처리하였을 때와 유사하여 팽윤저지제의 효과는 거의 없었다(4.10-11.85%). 따라 서 팽윤성 광물을 함유하고 있는 골굴암 마애불 구성암석을 강화시키기 위한 보존처리제로서 에틸실 리케이트 계열의 암석강화제는 적절치 않으며 이를 보완하기 위해 사용한 팽윤저지제도 효과적이지 못하다. 우수의 접촉으로 구성광물이 팽윤되어 풍화가 급속히 진행되기 때문에 현재로서는 하부와 측 면 등 풍화가 심한 부분에 우수접촉을 저지시키는 조치가 필요하다.