송사리(Oryzias latipes)는 한국, 일본 및 중국 등을 포함하는 동북아시아에 분포하는 어종으로. 주로 담수계 독성 실험용 표준시험생물로 이용되고 있다. 본 연구는 담수에 주로 분포하는 송사리가 marine receiving water, 공극수 또는 해양투기물질과 같은 해수의 생태독성평가를 위한 표준시험생물로서 가능성을 구명하기 위하여 염분 내성 및 표준독성물질을 이용한 민감도 실험을 수행하였다. 송사리의 염분 내성을 구명하기 위하여 다양한 염

The major purpose of the present study is to survey vegetables, meats, seafoods, processed foods and imported foods for the presence. of Listeria spp. and to prevent listeriosis caused by the contamination of Listeria monocytogenes. Listeria spp. was isolated from 6.0% of meats, 3.4% of seafoods, and 11.4% of imported foods but was not found in vegetables and processed foods. The optimum growth condition of isolates indentified as Listeria monocytogenes was pH 7.0 and 37℃. The antimicrobial effect of grapefruit seed e×tract (GFSE) was observed in the level of more than 100ppm by disk method. When lml(2.5× 10^6 CFU/ml) of Listeria monocytogenes was inoculated and incubated for 3 days at 30, the total cell number of the organism was 4.5 × 10^9 in the control, 7.2 × 10³ in 100 μg/ml of GFSE medium, and 3.5 μg/ml of GFSE medium. Direct visualization of microbial cells by using both transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope showed microbial cell membrane the function of which was destroyed by treating with the dilute solutions of GFSE. It could be confirmed that GFSE completely inhibited the growth of the test strain of Listeria monocytogenes.

Levels of sterols including δ7-dehydrogenase isolated from the tissues of marine animal products (20 species) were determined on 1.5% OV-17 columm of gas-liquid chromatography. The composition showed that the mussels and clams contained various sterols in their tissues : cholesterol, brassicasterol. 24-methylenecholesterol with some minor components such as 22-trans-norcholesta-5,22-dien-3β-ol, 22-cis-dehydrocholesterol, 22-trans-dehydrocholesterol, desmosterol, 7-dehydrocholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, isofucosterol, and 7-dehydrocholesterol which could be converted into vitamin D3 in the skin tissue of animal was present in the muscle of oyster, Crassostrea gigas. On the other hand, the others including gastropoda were predominantly composed of cholesterol. The minor sterols such as 24-methylenecholesterol, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol in the fish intestines are supposed to be derived from dietary plankton. Cholesterol δ7-dehydrogenase which could convert cholesterol into δ7-dehydrogenase was present in the pickles of Tricurus haumela intestine.

Contents of vitamin D3 and 25-OH-vitamin D3 in marine animal products(20 species) were determined by HPLC. The isomers of vitamin D, D2 and D3, were not clearly separated on a reversed phase, μ Bonda Pak, with 20% methanol-acetonitrile, and on a normal phase, Zorbax SIL. with 0.4% isopropanol-hexane, but 25-OH-vitamin D2 and-D3 were separated on either μ Bonda Pak with 10% methanol-acetonitrile, or on Zorbax SIL with 2.2% isopropanol-hexane, respectively. Although levels of vitamin D3 and 25-OH-vitamin D3 varied remarkably according to species, their average value(fish : l,l87sim36,007 I.U/sample 100g, mussel : 58~1,706 I.U/sample 100g, pickle: 1,208~79,358 I.U/sample 100g) was greatly higher than that of meat(80~100 I.U/sample 100g) and dairy products(400~800 I.U/sample 100g). Fatty tissues of fish and pickled fish intestines contained high level of vitamin D3 and 25-OH-vitamin D3, while the clam and mussel known to have various kinds of sterol including δ7-sterol showed very low levels of vitamin D3 and its derivative.

In this talk, I will describe recent advances in the field of metazoan comparative genomics and regeneration, the insights into the marine animal genomic and annelid regeneration. The scientific questions arising from the ability of certain species, but not others, to massively regenerate their bodies are among the most fascinating and challenging confronting modern cell and developmental biologists today. The tremendous implications of this research area for human medicine and tissue engineering are obvious. Yet many other animals exhibit robust regenerative capabilities, including "lower" vertebrates such as amphibians, and invertebrates such as echinoderms, flatworms and annelids. In the extreme case, some species can reproduce vegetative indefinitely. Such animals must contain the operational equivalent of immortal, totipotent somatic stem cells. From invertebrates to the higher vertebrates, their metabolic pathway, developmental regulatory genes, and intercellular signaling pathways are evolutionary conserved. With these, study on regeneration is an ingenious, powerful model system for studying the post-embryonic development, innate immunity mechanisms, and primordial germ cells (PGCs).