This study was carried out to identify Korean ginseng cultivars using peptide nucleic acid (PNA) microarray. Sixty-seven probes were designed based on nucleotide variation to distinguish Korean ginseng cultivars of Panax ginseng. Among those PNA probes, three (PGB74, PGB110 and PGB130) have been developed to distinguish five Korean ginseng cultivars. Five Korean ginseng cultivars were denoted as barcode numbers depending on their fluorescent signal patterns of each cultivar using three probe sets in the PNA microarray. Five Korean ginseng cultivars, Chunpoong, Yunpoong, Gopoong, Gumpoong and Sunpoong, were simply denoted as '111', '222', '211', '221' and '122', respectively. This is the first report of PNA microarray which provided an objective and reliable method for the authentication of Korean ginseng cultivars. Also, the PNA microarray will be useful for management system and pure guarantee in ginseng seed.