이 연구에서는 농림어업총조사 자료를 활용하여 읍·면단위 과소화비율에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 분석함에 있어서 농촌생활서비스를 중심으로 분석결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 커널밀도함수를 이용한 분석을 통하여 2010년 읍·면별 과소화비율 분포가 2015년에 비해 넓게 분포되어 있음을 알 수 있다. 둘째, 농촌생활서비스 요인과 읍·면별 과소화비율 간에 정의 상관관계가 존재하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다, 셋째, 기초교육서비스, 문화서비스 및 복지서비스를 받기 위한 이동거리 증가가 과소화비율 증가를 유발하는 것을 알 수 있었다.

The main purpose of this study is to explore the factors that affect the transformation of over-depopulated rural villages. Specifically, we investigated the reasons of the rapid decrease in the number of over-populated rural villages shown by recent census data in spite of the continuing decrease of population in rural area. We used a binary-logit model and the Census of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries data(2010, 2015). The main results are summarized as followed: First, the over-depopulated rural villages with strong agronomic base are more likely to exit from over-depopulation. Second, returners from urban to rural have a positive impacts on the revival of over-depopulated rural areas. Thirds, improving the basic services accessibility of rural residents is also critical for keeping rural community more sustainable. These findings can be used to make effective strategies to revive the depopulated rural villages.

The objective of this research was to analyze the determinants of demand for residential settlements in rural societies. A significant aspect of the demand analysis was to consider depopulation classification as a moderating variable with a view to its role as an essential dividing factor of socioeconomic characteristics and physical environments of the areas of concern. The data collection for analysis was divided according to types of depopulation into the three categories of less developed, stagnated, and developed areas. For the cause and effect analysis between the residential demand and factors of settlement, the ordered probit model was applied. Significant determinants of settlement demand unfolded according to depopulation types. In the case of less developed areas, residential demand was affected significantly by the factors of daily life convenience and public facilities. Key settlement demand determinants of stagnated regions included the aspects of basic natural environment, daily life convenience and education. Meanwhile, key settlement demand determinants for developed areas included education and agriculture economic aspects. The importance-performance analysis was also applied to a set of settlement characteristics of rural communities to figure out the settlement factors requiring urgent endeavor to improve.