살모넬라균은 가장 대표적인 수인성·식품매개질환 중 하 나이며 전 세계적으로 인간 위장염, 설사 질환의 가장 흔 한 원인이 되는 병원체이다. 식품 및 환경 검체, 식중독 또는 설사 환자로부터 분리한 살모넬라균의 혈청형, vitek2 를 이용한 항생제 내성검사, PFGE를 이용한 유전적 상관 관계를 조사하였다. 2020년부터 2023년까지 제주도의 식 품 또는 환경 검체에서 26주와 인체검체에서 313주로 총 339주가 분리되었다. 월별로 분리된 살모넬라균은 3월부 터 서서히 증가하여 8월에 가장 많이 살모넬라균을 분리 되었다. 환자로부터 분리된 살모넬라균은 성별에 따른 유 의미한 차이가 없었다. 그러나 살모넬라균은 70세 이상의 사람들에게서 가장 많이 분리되었고, 10-19세 사이의 사 람들에게서 가장 적게 분리되었다. 식품 및 환경 검체에 서 분리된 살모넬라균은 8개 혈청형이 있었으며, 주요 혈 청형은 S. Bareilly (26.9%), S. Rissen (23.1%), S. Thompson (19.3%) 순으로 확인되었다. 또한, 인체검체로 부터 분리된 살모넬라균은 27개 혈청형이 있었으며, 주요 혈청형은 S. Bareilly (31.0%), S. Typhimurium (24.6%), S. Enteritidis (11.5%) 순으로 확인되었다. 집단식중독의 원인이 되었던 살모넬라균 혈청형은 S. Bareilly, S. Enteritidis, S. Thompson이 있었다. 항생제 내성 검사 결과에서는 다양 한 항생제에 대한 내성이 나타났으며, 일부 살모넬라균에 서는 다제내성이 나타났다. 살모넬라균은 17개의 혈청형 에 따라 다양한 유전적 상관관계를 보여주었다. 이러한 결 과는 살모넬라균의 유행을 예측하고, 과학적 근거를 제공 함으로써 역학조사의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

본 연구는 미국과 한국의 홈스쿨링 수익을 비교 분석하여 􌝆 한국 홈스쿨링 수익에 대한 제도화 및 지원 방안을 모색하는 데 목적을 두었다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 개별 연구자의 학회 학술지, 학위논문, 단행본, 편저물, 인터넷 사이트 검색 자료 등의 문헌 및 자료에서 홈스쿨링의 수익 관련 주요 내용을 분석 준거에 따라 구분하고, 내용 분석을 통해 연구결과를 산출하여 결과에 대한 해석을 바탕으로 연구목적을 달성하는 문헌연구방법을 활용하여 연구를 수행하였다. 주요 연구결과는 첫째, 비노동시장 사적 수익은 양국에서 확인되고 있으나, 학업성취도는 미국과 달리 한국에서는 검증되지 않고 있다. 둘째, 노동시장 사적 수익은 미국과 달리 한국에서는 확인되지 않고 있 다. 셋째, 사회적 수익에서 대인관계원만성, 사회적응성 등은 양국에서 확인되고 있다. 넷째, 사회적 수익 에서 사회활동참여성은 미국과 달리 한국에서는 확인되지 않고 있다. 본 연구는 선진사례인 미국 홈스쿨링과의 비교􌝆분석을 통하여 한국 홈스쿨링의 가능성과 한계를 파악 하고, 홈스쿨링 수익에 대한 제도화 및 지원 방안을 마련함으로써 향후 한국 홈스쿨링의 제도화 추진 과 정에서 실행될 정책적 설계에 실효성 있는 지침을 제공하였다.

In Vespa velutina, although no parasites or parasitoids have been found as natural enemies, strepsipteran parasites were first discovered in 11 workers in Andong in 2020. Identification using the DNA barcode method along with the morphological characters, identified them as Xenos moutoni and X. oxyodontes. These were all males (except for one parasite whose appearance was not identified), and consisted of four larvae and seven pupae. This is the first recorded strepsipteran parasites in Korea, Japan, and Europe, invaded by V. velutina. A Strepsipteran parasite is prevalent in Vespa species, but reports on the host is lacking in Korea. Although it was not possible to determine the exact infection rate of the strepsipteran parasites in this study, it seems that the parasite of V. velutina has already progressed in the southern region due to the geographical characteristics of Andong, located in the central region of Korea. In particular, stylopized workers do not work in the nest, which negatively affects nest development, and reproductive individuals (male and new queen) do not mate, which negatively affects the formation of new colonies in the following year. Nevertheless, the control effect is likely to be minor due to the high reproductive rate and compensatory effect of social wasps.

An unrecorded gall midge was discovered from inflorescence galls on Castanopsis sieboldii (Makino) Hatus. ex T.Yamaz. & Mashiba, which is one of major components in evergreen forests on the Korean Peninsula. The galls occurred on 20 trees out of 230 on Yokiji Island. The gall midge was identified as Schizomyia castanopsisae Elsayed & Tokuda, 2018 (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), using morphological characters and mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) region sequences of gall midge’s larvae. The Barcode sequences of 40 samples collected from Yokji Island were identical, and the individuals from Yokji Island formed a clade with the individuals from Kyushu, with robust bootstrap support in a maximum likelihood tree. This result suggests the gall midges may have migrated from Kyushu, Japan to Yokji Island, South Korea. However, it is too early to determine if the gall midge is truly invasive or not at present due to paucity of distribution data in the country.

The genus Peromitra Enderlein is a small group of phorid flies, including two European parasitic species known to parasitize larval bibionid flies. In this study, specimens of the Peromitra species collected from South Korea are examined morphologically on the basis of characteristics on ocellar region, leg chaetotaxy and hypopygium. As a result, four species are described new to science and two species, viz. P. fimbriata and P. multisetalis are newly recorded from South Korea. Photographs of diagnostic characters and a key to males of South Korean species are provided.

Nemophora Hoffmannsegg, 1798 is a relatively large group in Adelidae, including about 350 species worldwide. Only 13 species are known to Korean insect fauna up to date. The present study is to report N. ochsenheimerella, which is new to Korea. N. ochsenheimerella is externally similar to N. wakayamensis but can be distinguished by having characters in male genitalia as follows: cucullus longer than N. wakayamensis and N. ochsenheimerella has two rows of curnus consisting of numerous minute spines.

The genus Anaclasiger which is one of the myrmecophilous beetle (Clavigeritae) was described by Raffray in 1890 with the type species, A. sinuaticollis. Since then, only one species, A. zhudiae, had been added in this genus. The former species has known to distribute in Singapore (type locality), Taiwan (Raffray, 1914), Malaysia (Nomura & Idris, 2005), Thailand and Japan (Nomura et al., 2006), and the latter has been reported only in China (Yin et al., 2012). During specimens research of Korea National Arboretum, we were recognized one species, A. sinuaticollis, collected by pitfall trap in Mt. Geombong. Therefore, we are going to report this unrecorded genus and species for the first time from Korea. Both the information of the species including diagnosis, habitus and male genitalia, and that of the genus distribution on the map are going to be provided.

The mayfly genus Drunella is the most diverse genera in the family Ephemerellidae, and is found in lotic streams throughout East Asia and North America. The species D. ishiyamana is found widely throughout East Asia and their species concept has not been properly defined until recently. The D. ishiyamana species group was examined, and morphological and molecular evidence of a new species were uncovered. In this study Drunella punctata sp. nov. is formally described, mainly distinguished from D. ishiyamana by the lack of a notch in their median clypeal tubercle in their larval stage. Photographs, diagnosis, and descriptions of D. punctata are provided.

This research introduces the subfamily Catotrichinae to the South Korean fauna for the first time. Within the globally recognized 6,651 Cecidomyiidae species, only ten are categorized under the Catotrichinae subfamily. Notably, this subfamily, which ingests fungi during larval development, is among the most primordial lineages of the Cecidomyiidae, both in morphological and molecular terms. The species Catoricha nipponensis of Catotrichinae was newly observed in Yeongwol, Gangwon-do, in October 2021. It was recorded for the first time in Korea, with its holotype initially collected in Honshu, Japan, in November 1923. This study provides the diagnosis, photographs of distinguishing characteristics, and the DNA barcode sequences for Catotricha nipponensis. This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea.

Neomyrhessus Minkina, 2024, is a rare genus comprising six species, recently erected from Myrhessus Balthasar, 1955 for N. nanjingensis. To date, all six species have been reported in East Asia, with five from Japan and one from China. In this study, the genus Neomyrhessus is recorded for the first time in South Korea, with the discovery of a new species Neomyrhessus coreanus sp. nov. Description, illustrations of morphological characters, and habitat information for a new species are provided.

The genus Helictes is a small group of the subfamily Orthocentrinae, comprising 11 species from worldwide, most species from the Palaearctic region, four species from the Nearctic, and two species from the Neotropical region. This subfamily is wide morphological variation between genera but most are readily recognizable as orthocentrines. They are generally small sized, clypeus strongly convex and malar space long. Among them, this genus is reported for the first time from South Korea. In this study, description, photographs of diagnostic characterists are provided.

The genus Priopoda is a small group of the subfamily Ctenopelmatinae, comprising 22 species from worldwide, 10 species from the Eastern Palaearctic and 13 species from the Oriental region. This species and genus are report for the first time from South Korea. The Ctenopelmatinae comprises one of the two major radiations of parasitoids of sawflies. The approximately 1,350 species have been reported in 105 genera and nine tribes. In this study, diagnoses and photos of four unrecorded species from South Korea are provided.

The blackish cicada, Cryptotympana atrata Fabricius, 1775 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) was originally distributed mainly in the southernmost remote island, Jeju and rarely throughout low lands in South Korea, but has been explosively increased at the urban areas, where annual temperature is higher. In this study, we sequenced a partial mitochondrial COI from a total of 171 individuals collected throughout 12 localities in South Korea. The haplotype found with the highest frequency in Jeju island shares only with two inland localities in southern region with a low frequency, whereas the haplotype found with the highest frequency throughout inland localities was not found in Jeju island. These results showed that Jeju population, southern region, and other inland populations form somewhat different genetic groups.

Dysmicoccus brevipes (Cockerell), Dysmicoccus neobrevipes Beardsley and Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni-Tozzetti) are widely-distributed pests that feeds on many economically important hosts, particularly tropical fruits and ornamentals. The potential distribution of these mealybug pests into South Korea remains a primary concern because of their high incidence in interceptions screened during inspection. Hence, these species prompted a modelling effort to assess their potential risk of introduction. Potential risk maps were developed for these pests with the CLIMEX model based on occurrence records under environmental data. The potential distribution of these pests in South Korea in the 2020s, 2050s and 2090s was projected based on the RCP 8.5 climate change scenario. Results show that D. brevipes, D. neobrevipes and P. longispinus have little potential for invasion in the exterior environment of South Korea due to high cold stress in the 2020s. However, for D. brevipes and P. longispinus, 3 and 86 locations in Jejudo, were predicted to be marginally suitable for this pest under future climate factors, respectively. In that respect, the results of these model predictions could be used to prepare a risk-based surveying program that improves the probability of detecting early D. brevipe, D. neobrevipes and P. longispinus populations.

The genus Megastylus is a moderate group of the subfamily Orthocentrinae, comprising 38 species in two subgenera from worldwide. The subfamily Orthocentrinae is a high proportion of the genera are cosmopolitan in distribution. Orthocentrines are known as almost solitary koinobiont endoparasitoids. We report this genus for the first time from South Korea. In this study, descriptions of some new species, photographs of diagnostic characterists are provided.

We analyzed trends of ants intercepted on imported plants and lumber over the past 30 years, using data extracted from the Pest Information System (PIS). There were 1,629 cases of about 112 species (5 subfamilies, 45 genera) from planting plants such as Asparagales, Alismatales, and Saxifragales, and 2,217 cases of about 86 species (7 subfamilies, 42 genera) from lumbers such as square lumber, pellets, and solid wood. For intercepted trends by continent, Asia was the most frequently detected at 91%, followed by Europe at 1% and North America at nearly 1%. Among Asian countries, Malaysia (27%) represented the highest number of interceptions, followed closely by Indonesia at 26%.

2023년에 국내에서 보고된 적이 없던 외래흰개미 3종이 각각 인천, 서울, 창원에서 발견되었다. 종 동정 결과, 인천에서 출현한 종(Coptotermes gestroi)은 Subterranean termite로 밝혀졌으며, 서울과 창원에서 출현한 종 (Cryptotermes domesticus, Incisitermes minor)은 Drywood termite로 밝혀졌다. 본래 우리나라에는 Subterranean termite 흰개미가 2종이 분포하고 있다고 보고되어 있었으나, 새로운 과 또는 속의 외래흰개미가 발견되면서 국민 들의 우려가 커지고 있다. 국내에서는 일부 외래흰개미를 법적으로 지정(유입주의 생물 2종, 관리병해충 15종)하 여 관리하고 있는데, 해당 흰개미와 그 외의 신규 흰개미의 출현으로 인한 피해가 우려되는 상황이다. 본 연구에서 는 ‘23년 유입된 3종 및 기존 법정관리 외래흰개미, 그리고 국내 유입과 위해가 우려되는 외래흰개미 5과 (Archotermopsidae, Kalotermitidae, Rhinotermitidae, Termitidae, Termopsidae)를 조사하였으며, 이들의 생태적 특 징과 외국의 사례를 통해 외래흰개미 대비 방법에 대하여 고찰하였다.

The large copper butterfly Lycaena dispar (Haworth, 1803; Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) has been categorized as a near-threatened species (NT) in South Korea from 2012 mainly due to limited distribution. In this study, we visited 36 sites spread across all South Korean provinces to verify the distributional range of the species and sequenced mitochondrial COI for 53 individuals from nine sites. We observed L. dispar at 15 sites in six provinces, including the two previously known provinces, indicating a southward range expansion. The in-field monitoring and genetic data collectively suggested that L. dispar does not have a limited distribution nor is it isolated, indicating that it should be reclassified as less vulnerable. Our study demonstrates that the combination of field and genetic data can provide a more reliable assessment of the stability of a species.

This study reports the first Korean records of the genus Acerocnema Becker, 1894, with one new species, Acerocnema saurischia sp. nov., and one newly recorded species, A. flavifrons. A key to the Korean Scathophagidae is provided with morphological diagnosis and images of habitus and male genitalia structures. To assist in species identification, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences were obtained from all specimens to conduct DNA barcoding.

서부마른나무흰개미(신칭)는(Incisitermes minor) 미국 서부와 멕시코 북부를 포함하여 북미 서부가 원산인 종이며 주택을 포함한 목조 구조물에 치명적인 해충이다. 국내에선 2023년 9월 외래생물신고센터를 통해 경남 창원시 진해구의 한 가정집에서 흰개미 유시충이 발견되었다는 민원 신고로 처음 확인되었다. 그 이후 주변 지역 조사 결과 민원인 주택 주변에서 군집비행하는 흰개미 유시충 및 목재 피해 흔적을 통해 군체를 발견 확인하였다. 또한, 최초발견지에서 약 1km 떨어진 한 아파트 단지의 정자 및 그 일대에서 추가 군체가 확인되었다. 본 연구에서 는 채집된 흰개미의 형태와 유전자 정보를 통해 대상종을 확인하였고, 발견 및 피해 상황 정보를 통해 향후 해당 종의 관리를 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다.