총채벌레목 관총채벌레과의 미기록속인 Pachyliothrips속에 속하는 단일종 Pachyliothrips zelkovae Okajima, 2006 (느티나무관총채벌레, 신 칭)을 한국에서 처음으로 보고한다. 성충의 형태적 특징과 형태 사진을 수록하였다.

The onion thrips, Thrips tabaci, is a serious global pest attacking many agricultural crops such as onion and Welsh onion. The thrips, assumed to originate in the Mediterranean region, has been reported for a long time in South Korea. According to worldwide molecular works, the species composes of three genetic lineages (LI, L2 and T) which related to reproductive mode (arrhenotoky vs. thelotoky). To understand the genetic diversity of T. tabaci in South Korea, we investigated genetic lineage and haplotype composition, using about 80 mitochondrial COI gene sequences (369bp) along with foreign sequences from GenBank and BOLD. The COI gene analysis shows that both of thelotokous L1 and arrhenotokous L2 population distribute in South Korea. Among 97 COI-haplotypes worldwide, only six haplotypes are found and thelotokous H1 dominantly distributes.

The temperature-dependent development of Poinsettia thrips, Echinothrips americanus was studied at eight constant temperatures (15.0, 17.5, 20.0, 22.5, 25.0, 27.5, 30.0, and 32.5±1°C), 65±5% RH and photoperiod of 16L : 8D conditions. The developmental stages were divided into egg, 1st instar, 2nd instar, pre-pupa, pupa, and adult. The total developmental time in the immature stage was 40.4 days at 15.0°C and 11.6 days at 30.0°C, and it decreased with increasing temperature. The lowest temperature of the whole immature period was 10.7°C, and the cumulative temperature to complete the entire immature period was 217.4 degree days. The optimal development temperature (Topt) for the whole immature stage was estimated to be in the range of 30.51-31.21°C. Topt for each immature stage was 31.64-35.47°C at egg, 30.02-33.08°C at 1st instar, 29.16- 34.43°C at 2nd instar, 27.63-29.21°C at pre-pupa, and 29.81-30.12°C at pupa. In the analysis of the six non-linear models, Logan 6 model was the most appropriate as Zi (Weighting Factors) was 0.18.

오이총채벌레(Thrips palmi Karny)는 동남아시아지역이 원산으로 국내 침입 외래해충이다. 주로 노지와 하우스에서 재배되는 박과(Cucurbitaceae)와 가지과(Solanaceae) 작물에 직접 섭식과 바이러스 매개에 의한 피해가 크다. 본 연구에서는 차세대염기서열분석기술(NGS)을 통해 오이총채벌레의 미토콘드리아 전장 게놈을 해독하였으며 염기서열 신규 조립(de novo assembly) 결과 전체 길이가 16,414bp인 원형의 유전체로 추정되었다. 미토콘드리아 게놈 전체에서 뉴클레오티드는 A와 T가 78.5%를 차지는 특징을 보였다. 동물의 미토콘드리아 게놈에서 일반적으로 발견되는 37개 유전자 영역에 대해 BLAST 검색을 한 결과 trnV는 탐색되지 않았다. 본 발표에서는 신규 조립된 오이총채벌레 미토콘드리아 게놈 유전체에 포함된 유전자의 종류와 배열 등에 대한 기초 통계자료를 정리하였다.

유기농경지에서 문제가 되는 해충을 방제하기 위하여 농가에서는 식물추출물 등 다양한 자가제조 유기농업자재를 활용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 농가 자가제조 유기농업자재를 이용하여 목화진딧물(Aphis gossypii)과 꽃노랑총채벌레(Franklineilla occidentalis)에 대한 살충효과를 시험하였다. 유기농업자재는 유기재배 농가에서 직접 수집하였으며 식물추출물로는 마늘, 돼지감자, 은행잎 등의 식물추출물과 목초액, 식물오일 등 8종의 자재를 이용하였다. 해충에 대한 살충시험은 25℃, 60% 습도 조건의 곤충사육실에서 이루어졌다. 처리시험을 위해 오이절편을 페트리디쉬에 넣고 시험곤충을 접종하여 농가수집자재를 원액, 30배, 100배, 300배로 희석하여 충체 살포법으로 처리하였다. 처리 후 24시간, 36시간, 72시간 후 사충률을 조사하였다. 진딧물의 경우 100배 희석처리에서 약초액비가 75%, 유화오일이 62.5% 은행잎액비가 42.5%의 살충효과를 각각 보여주었다. 꽃노랑총채벌레에는 협죽도와 마늘이 94.7%와 88.0% 살충효과를 보여주었다.

Until recently, Thrips setosus Moulton, 1928 (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) has been regarded as endemic to Japan, occurring in open and greenhouse fields. The thrips causes direct feeding damage as well as transmits Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) to agricultural vegetables and ornamentals. In 2014, it was found on Hydrangea in the Netherlands and then also confirmed as a invasive pest in the other European countries such as France and Germany. Interestingly, Hydrangea originated in Southern and Eastern Asia has not previously been recorded as a host plant. In Korea, since its first discovery in a commercial Hydrangea greenhouse in Gimje, Jeonbuk Province this year, the species was additionally found on the same crop in Jeonnam and Gyeonggi Provinces. Occording to the farmers, all Hydrangea plants has been imported from the Netherlands. Molecular phylogenetic study using COI partial gene strongly suggests that the thrips may have recurrently invaded with infested Hydrangea plants from Europe.

Thrips setosus Moulton, 1928 (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), one of the Tospovirus vectors, was found at a commercial greenhouse in Korea. It damaged to leaves of hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla). The thrips widely distributes in Japan, being regarded as its origin. Recently, it invaded in Europe such as the Netherlands, France, and Germany. Unlike Japan, it was found on Hydrangea plants in European countries. In Korea, the thrips was recorded in 1974 by Woo. However, examination of voucher specimens reveals that the record is not true. According to the collection data since 2000, its distribution in Korea is rarely limited in Jeonbuk and Jeju. For identification, representative morphological characteristics and COI barcoding results are provided with possibility of introduction from Europe.

This study was conducted to monitoring the insecticidal susceptibility of Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis,damaging the horticultural crops in Gyeonggi area. Neonicotinoid insecticides, especially acetamiprid SP, clothianidin SC,imidacloprid WP and thiacloprid WG were not toxic to F. occidentalis collected from horticultural crops. Excepting theinsecticide of spinosin or pyrrole class, there was a little class of insecticides for the effective control of F. occidentalisin horticultural crop areas. Considering all the results in this study, spinosin insecticides including over 4 and 10% ofspinetoram and spinosad, and pyrrole insecticide including over 5% of chlorfenapyr should be recommended for the effectivecontrol of F. occidentalis, damaging the horticultural crops in Gyeonggi area.

Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is an important pest in protected culture. We assessed fourrepellents (carvacrol, cis-jasmone, methyl jasmonate, and methyl salicylate) of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) known from literatures to develop a behavioral management tactic against F. intonsa. We measuredthe repellency of F. intonsa that exposed to 100 times diluted repellents on leaf disc. Repellency was 2.60 times higherin methyl jasmonate followed by methyl salicylate (2.16 times), cis-jasmone (2.15 times) and carvacrol (2.08 times) comparedto control. These results suggest that methyl jasmonate can be incorporated as a component of integrated managementof F. intonsa.

경기지역 원예작물 시설재배지에 발생하는 꽃노랑총채벌레 (Frankliniella occidentalis)에 대한 약제 감수성을 검정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 재배작물과 관계없이 acetamiprid (8%) SP, clothianidin (8%) SC, imidacloprid (10%) WP, thiacloprid (10%) WG와 같은 네오니코티노 인드계 약제에 대한 저항성이 두드러지게 나타났다. 과채류 재배지 채집 꽃노랑총채벌레에 대해 acetamiprid + spinetoram (6+4%) SC와 clothianidin + spinetoram (6+4%) SC, methoxyfenozide + spinetram (6+4%) SC가 90% 이상의 살충활성을 보였다. 실내에서 꽃노랑총 채벌레에 살충효과가 높았던 약제를 대상으로 채집지역과 대상작물을 동일하게 화성지역 오이 시설재배지에서 포장검정을 수행한 결과 spinetoram (5%) WG의 경우 약제 처리 3, 6, 9일 경과 후 방제효과는 87.4, 88.0, 98.3%로 높아지는 경향을 보인 반면 imidacloprid (10%) WP는 약제 처리 3, 6, 9일 경과 후 방제효과는 1.7, 24.1, 43.6%로 나타나 실내검정 결과와 유사한 경향을 보였다. 따라서 원예작물 꽃노랑총채 벌레 방제를 위해서 살충제 선택의 폭이 좁은 가운데, 스피노신계와 피롤계의 약제들이 타 계통의 약제에 비해 효과가 우수한 것으로 보이며, 구 체적으로는 스피노신계의 spinetoram과 spinosad의 함량을 각각 4, 10% 이상 함유하거나 피롤계의 chlorfenapyr가 5% 이상 함유된 단제 또는 혼합제를 선택해야 할 것으로 보인다.