Recently, Metcalfa pruinosa is the pest that can not be easily controlled due to its wide host range. Therefore, it seems necessary to develop a trap plant that can block the entry of M. pruinosa into the farm. We have examined the host preference of M. pruinosa in previous studies and verified their attractiveness to these pests for some favored plants(bean, perilla, sunflower and sesame). We divided the plants used in the experiment into young and maturing stages. In the yougn stage of the plant, the soybeans were highly suscetible to M. pruinosa, but the sunflower was the most influential in the mature stage. Therefore, we selected sunflower as a trap plant to M. pruinosa and conducted a field survey. The sunflower attracted effectivley M. pruinosa in aronia cultivation system. But the time of our experiments was at the nymphal stages of M. pruinosa and at the beginning of adult emergence. Therefore, we plan to conduct experiments at the peak period of adult emergence and develop the trap with attractants.

Metcalfa pruinosa is the agricultural pest, first reported in Seoul, Gyeong-gi, Gyeongnam, Korea in 2009. This pests are difficult to control due to the wide range of hosts such as beans, apples, ginseng, pears, persimmon, and peaches. This study was carried out to investigate the ecological characteristics of M. pruinosa in pepper cultivation area. As a result of the density of M. pruinosa survey in Chungnam, Korea in 2018, the density of wintering-eggs, nymph, adult was the largest in Dang-jin area. And the results of the ecological characteristcs survey of M. pruinosa in red pepper cultivation area of Korea, M. pruinosa didn’t enter a red pepper field. In addition, the possibility of using three kinds of plants as attraction plants was examined in order to control environmentally friendly M. pruinosa. Among them, the greatest number of M. pruinosa nymph were attracted to Sunflower and Green perilla during nymph stage.

본 연구는 토마토에 대하여 가지가 트랩식물로써 담배가루이를 효과적으로 유인할 수 있을지에 대한 잠재성을 평가하였다. 큰망초, 가지, 오이, 토마토에 대한 담배가루이의 선호성을 비교하기 위하여 선택성 조사가 수행되었다. 담배가루이 성충은 후각적인 자극보다는 시각적인 자 극에 더 민감함을 보여주었고 큰망초보다는 오이와 가지를 더 선호하였다. 가지와 오이의 담배가루이 유인률은 각각 82.3%와 82.5% 였다. 가지 는 오이보다 관리측면에서 더 쉽기 때문에 우리는 본 실험에서 오이를 제외하였다. 담배가루이 성충에 대한 가지의 유인률은 토마토의 초장과 같 거나 더 클 때 90% 이상 이었다.

F. occidentalis causes to decrease the yield of chrysanthemum flower economically because it is the major crop pest injuring the flower directly at flowering period in chrysanthemum artificial houses. The control of it with chemicals is very difficult because the resistance of it to chemicals is so high. F. occidentalis began to occur at early-May and increased rapidly mid-May after in standard chrysanthemum artificial houses, Yesan, Chungcheongnam-do. In case of a farm, the density of it increased continuously in spite of chemical control . The times of chemical control to depress the density of it was 6 or 7th for cultivation period of chrysanthemum. We put the flowering yellow pot-mum already (trap plant attracting F. occidentalis) in standard chrysanthemum PVC-houses and set the yellow sticky cards up at an interval of 5m from trap plant(TP). The more yellow sticky trap near to trap plant, the more F. occidentalis was attracted to yellow sticky trap. TP was more attractive to adult F. occidentalis up to distances of 10m. The numbers of it attracted to yellow sticky traps at different distance from TP was not different significantly when standard chrysanthemum bloomed. We put the TP in standard chrysanthumum PVC-house at an distance of 20m and released the natural enemies (Orius laevigatus) on TP at 3 times, an interval of 7 days. And then we set yellow sticky traps up at an distance of 5m from TP and compared the plot with TP+natural enemy(NE) to the plot without them. The density of F. occidentalis was rather lower at TP+NE plot than the plot without at the formative period of flower bud of standard chrysanthemum. Therefore, The yellow flowering chrysanthemum possesses great value of TP attracting F. occidentalis in chrysanthumum PVC-house up to flowering period of cultivating chrysanthemum, and if it is used with natural enemy and chemicals simultaneously, farmers can minimize the quantity of chemicals used.

In the case of one standard-mum polyvinyl house, the density of F. occidentalis reached its peak in early June and decreased after the chemical control, which was carried out periodically. In the case of another standard-mum polyvinyl house, the density of F. occidentalis increased continuously in spite of the periodical chemical control after planting. In both polyvinyl houses, the density of F. occidentalis began to increase mid-May. The numbers of F. occidentalis collected on a tray with wet paper by heating the flowers of pink, white, and yellow Chrysanthemum standard mums were 18.4, 56.6, and 52.6 after flowering, but in the case of the leaves, the numbers were 7.8, 16.6, and 15.4. Also, the numbers of F. occidentalis collected on a tray with wet paper by heating the buds of pink, white, and yellow Chrysanthemum standard mums were 15.2, 45.8, and 41.6, but in the case of the leaves, the numbers were 2, 8.8 and 3.4. In the Y-tube olfactometer test, the frequency of F. occidentalis’ visits to one side arm of the Y-tube olfactometer was higher in the odor cue of the white flower than of the yellow, red, and violet flowers, but in the other combinations without white flowers, the frequency was higher in the odor cue of the violet and red flowers than of the yellow flowers. In the case of the four-choice olfactometer test, in the same visual cues as the odor cues of the pot mum flowers, the frequency of F. occidentalis was higher in the yellow flower than in the other flowers (white, red, and violet) in all the observation times (10, 15, and 20 minutes). In the case of the visual cues with disturbed odor cues, F. occidentalis preferred the yellow color to the other colors in all the observation times (10, 20, and 40 minutes). F. occidentalis preferred the white color to the other colors when the same odor cues as the flower color were provided, but the odor cue of the yellow flower was provided only without the color cue.