2018년 환경부에서 발표된 수도정비기본계획에 따라 다양한 수자원 활용의 중요성이 증가하고 있으며, 여러 수원 을 혼합하여 원수 또는 생산수로 활용하는 워터 블렌딩 방식은 미국, 호주를 비롯한 여러 나라에서 시도되고 있다. 본 연구에 서는 공업용수 공급 목적으로 100,000 m3/일 규모 해수담수화 사업이 추진되고 있는 충남 대산 지역을 대상으로, 해수와 호 소수, 침전수, 폐수 방류수 등 타 수원을 블렌딩할 때 수종 및 혼합비율에 따른 영향을 분석하였다. 타 수원 혼합비율 10~50% 조건에서 혼합수 염분농도는 약 50%까지 감소하였지만, 탁질 및 유기물 농도는 1.6~2.0배 수준으로 증가하는 것을 확인하였 다. 실험실 규모 역삼투 공정 성능평가 결과, 해수의 단독활용 대비 원수 혼합 시 막오염 경향이 증가하였으며 혼합비율 10~50%에서 평균 4.1배의 플럭스 저감률을 나타내었다. 성능모사를 통한 역삼투 공정 성능분석에 따르면 혼합비율 50% 조 건에서 역삼투 공정 에너지 사용량이 평균 39% 절감될 수 있을 것으로 기대되나, 운영비용 등 혼합수 활용에 대한 전반적인 영향분석을 위해서는 모형플랜트 규모에서 장기간 성능평가가 필요하다.

Smart water grid is a water network with communication to save water and energy using various water resources. In smart water grid, water product from the various sources can be blended to be supplied to end-users. The product water blending was reported by literatures while feed water blending has been rarely reported so far. In this work, a commercial reverse osmosis (RO) system design software provided by a membrane manufacturer was used to elucidate the effect of feed water blending on the performance of seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) plant. Fresh water from exisiting water resource was assumed to be blended to seawater to decrease salt concentration of the RO feed water. The feed water blending can simplify the RO system from double to single pass and decrease seawater intake amount, the unit prices of the RO system components including high pressure pump, and operation risk. Due to the increase in RO plant capacity with the feed water blending, however, the RO membrane area and total power consumption increase at higher water blending rates. Therefore, a specific benefit-cost analysis should be carried out to apply the feed water blending to SWRO plants.

Durable softening water repellents such as PODCW, PDDCW, and PEDCW were prepared by blending cationized polymers, fatty carbamide, waxes, and emulsifiers. The cationized polymers included poly (octadecyl methacrylate-co-2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) [PODC], poly (n-dodecyl methacrylate-co-2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) [PDDC]and poly (2-ethylhexyl methacrylate-co-2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate) [PEDC]. After the PET fabrics were treated with these water repellents, water repellency, softness, and durability of the PET fabrics were examined by various methods : water repellency by the hydrostatic pressure and the contact angle methods, softness by crease recovery and tearing strength, and durability by washability, respectively. Rating of water repellency of PET fabrics treated with PODCW was 80+, but those treated with PDDCW and PEDCW were not high enough to be used in industry.

Durable softening water-repellenting agent such as PODCW, PDDCW and PEDCW were prepared by blending cationized compound such as poly(octadecyl methacrylate-co-2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate)[PODC], poly(2-dodecyl methacrylate-co-2-diethyl-aminoethyl methacrylate)[PDDC] and poly(2-ethylhexyl methacrylate-co-2-diethyl-aminoethyl methacrylate)[PEDC], and cationized compound of fatty carbamide, of which synthetic methods were reported in the previous paper, waxes, and emulsifiers. The results of physical tests of the P/C blended fabrics treated with PODCW, PDDCW and PEDCW with and without textile finishing resin, showed a remarkable improvement of the physical properties. The prepared water-repellenting agents, PODCW-6 and PDDCW-1, were treated on P/C blended fabrics with and without resin. For any cases, there are a little changes between initial water repellency and repellency after 3 times washing of the fabrics. Therefore, the water-repellenting agents proved to be a durable agents, and initial water 100+ and 90+ point, respectively.