The compaction and sintering behavior of zirconium titanate (ZrTiO4) was investigated by means of the measurement of sintering density and shrinkage, and the observation of microstructure. With increasing the content of Al2O3 additive, Al2O3-modified zirconium titanate samples fired at 1300oC showed the anisotropic shrinkage behavior that the upper region of sintered body has higher sintering shrinkage than the low region. This difference of sintering shrinkage decreased with increasing firing temperature from 1300 to 1400oC. The SEM micrographs of powder compation show that the anisotropic shrinkage behavior is related with non-uniform density in a uniaxial compaction.