본 연구의 목적은 알츠하이머질환(Alzheimer’s disease: AD) 동물 모델을 대상으로 트레드밀 운 동(Treadmill exercise: TE)과 환경강화(environmental enrichment: EE) 처치가 인지기능, 근 기능, 및 밀 착연접 단백질 발현에 미치는 영향을 확인하는데 있다. AD 동물 모델을 제작하기 위해 aluminum chloride(AlCl3)를 90일간(40mg/kg/하루) 투여 하였으며 동시에 TE(10-12m/min, 40-60min/day) 혹은 EE에 노출시켰다. 그 결과 AlCl3 투여에 의한 인지기능 저하와 근 기능 감소가 TE와 EE에 의해 완화된 것 으로 나타났다. 또한, TE와 EE는 AD 질환에서 나타나는 β-amyloid(Aβ), alpha-synuclein 및 tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) 단백질의 발현 증가를 감소시킨 것으로 나타났다. 게다가 TE와 EE는 AlCl3 투여에 의해 감소된 밀착연접 단백질(Occludin, Claudin-5 및 ZO-1)의 발현을 통계적으로 유의하게 증가시킨 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 Aβ 단백질과 밀착연접 단백질과의 상관분석을 실시한 결과 부적 상 관관계(Occludin: r=-0.853, p=0.001; Claudin-5 : r=-0.352, p=0.915; ZO-1 : r=-0.424, p=0.0390) 로 나타났다. 따라서 이를 종합해 보면 TE 혹은 EE 처치는 AD에 나타나는 병리학적 특징들을 일부 완화 시켜 인지기능과 근 기능을 일부 개선 시킬 수 있는 효과적인 운동 방법이라고 생각된다.

In this study, solid-liquid separation conditions for coagulation and sedimentation experiments using inorganic coagulant (aluminum sulfate and Poly-Aluminum Chloride (PAC)) were optimized with brine wastewater discharged by the epoxy-resin process. When the turbidity and suspended solid (SS) concentration in raw wastewater were 74 NTU and 4.1 mg/L, respectively, their values decreased the lowest in a coagulant dosage of 135.0 - 270.0 mg Al3+/L. The epoxy resin was re-dispersed in the upper part of wastewater treated above 405.0 mg Al3+/L. The removal efficiencies of turbidity and SS via dosing with aluminum sulfate and PAC were evaluated at initial turbidity and SS of 74 - 630 NTU and 4.1 - 38.5 mg/L, respectively. They increased most in the range from 135.0 - 270.0 mg Al3+/L. The solid-liquid separation condition was quantitatively compared to the correlation of SS removal efficiency between the coagulant dosage and SS concentration based on the concentration of aluminum ions. The empirical formula,   , shows the relationship between SS removal efficiency (R) and coagulant dosage (D) at 38.5 mg/L; it produced high correlation coefficients (r2) of 0.9871 for aluminum sulfate and 0.9751 for PAC.

Recent research has demonstrated that treating poultry litter with alum (aluminum sulfate) and aluminum chloride can remove environmental threats (ammonia, soluble phosphorus and odor) posed by litter. However, scientific information available on heavy metal in poultry litter with liquid aluminum chloride is still lacked. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of applying liquid aluminum chloride to rice hulls on heavy metals and to provide basic information to producers. Six hundred 0-d-old broiler were assigned to 4 treatments (control, 100 g, 200 g and 300 g of liquid AlCl3/kg of rice hulls, respectively) with 3 replicates of 50 birds. The experimental period lasted for 6 weeks. Liquid AlCl3 was sprayed on the rice hulls surface using a small hand pump. Total Al contents increased (P<0.05) with the increasing levels of liquid AlCl3 levels over time in comparison with control groups. Total Cu and Pb were lowered in all liquid AlCl3 treatments compared with the controls during 6 weeks. Significant differences in all treatments were found for total Cu contents at 2, 3 and 5 weeks and total Pb at 0, 1, 2 and 3 weeks. Total Zn contents decreased with time when compared with controls. However, no significant differences in total Zn contents were observed among all treatments. In light of environmental managements, spraying liquid AlCl3 to rice hulls indicated the significant advantages in reducing heavy metals as well as improving poultry industrial competitiveness.

The goals of this study were conducted to investigate the effects of applying liquid aluminum chloride (AlCl3) to rice hulls on pH and soluble reactive P (SRP). A total of 800 broiler chicks (4 treatments × 4 replicates × 50 birds) were housed into 16 floor pens in a single house for 5 weeks. The treatments were divided into 4 groups: control, 100 g of liquid AlCl3/kg of rice hulls, 200 g of liquid AlCl3/kg of rice hulls, and 300 g of liquid AlCl3/kg of rice hulls. Liquid AlCl3 was sprayed on the rice hulls surface at a rate of 100 g, 200 g, and 300 g liquid AlCl3 per kg rice hull. pH values and SRP contents were significantly decreased (P<0.05) with the increased liquid AlCl3 levels in comparison with control. However, no significant differences in SRP contents were observed among all treatments at 3 and 4 weeks. Applying 100 g, 200 g, and 300 g liquid AlCl3 to rice hulls reduced SRP contents by 18, 25, and 52% for 5 weeks, respectively, compared with the controls. In conclusion, these results suggest that using liquid AlCl3 on rice hulls should be promising for reducing water contamination and resulted in a reduction in SRP contents, which reduced pH.

본 실험은 벼 종자에 Al을 0, 300, 600 및 900ppm으로 처리하여 발아중 Al에 대한 벼의 초장, 근장, 발아율 등의 생육특성, 엽록소 함량, 전분, 당 및 유리 proline함량 등의 변화를 일품벼와 향미벼 001를 공시하여 검시한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 초장과 근장은 Al의 농도가 증가할수록 신장이 감소하였는데 뿌리의 신장억제가 보다 현저하였다. 발아율은 일품벼와 향미벼 001 모두 Al의 농도가 증가함에 따라 발아율의 급격한 감소를 보였다. 2. 엽록소 함량은 품종간 뚜렷한 차이를 보였고 두 품종 모두 Al의 농도가 증가할수록 함량이 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 3. 식물체의 전분과 당함량은 Al 처리시 대조구에 비해 함량이 감소하였다. 4. 식물체의 중금속과 무기성분의 함량은 일품벼에 있어 무처리보다 Al의 농도가 증가함에 따라 Al 600ppm까지는 식물체내의 중금속 축적이 증가하다가 Al 900ppm에서는 오히려 감소하는 경향을 보였고, Ca, Mg, Fe 및 Mn의 식물체내의 함량은 두 품종 모두 Al 처리시 무처리에 비해 Al 처리시 급격한 증가를 보였다. 5. 무처리에 있어서는 발아일수별로 proline함량이 차이가 없었으나 Al 처리의 경우 발아후 1일째는 Al의 농도가 증가함에 따라 유리 proline의 함량도 증가하였고 특히 처리 후 3일째에는 급격한 함량의 증가를 보였다.