This study evaluates the analytical performance of a newly developed miniaturized disposable U-tube for an automated blood viscometer and compares it to conventional viscometers. Whole blood viscosity (WBV), essential for circulatory function, exhibits non-Newtonian behavior, posing challenges for measurement at low shear rates. The blood viscometer, based on a scanning capillary tube method, used disposable U-tubes to measure viscosities across a shear rate range of 1s⁻¹ to 1,000s⁻¹. Precision evaluation showed stable coefficients of variation (CV) across different viscosity levels. Repeatability assessment indicated consistent CV values, demonstrating the reliability of the device. The agreement with the LV-III Brookfield viscometer and MCR 92 Rheometer was analyzed using Bland-Altman plots, which revealed minor systematic biases and consistent differences across the measurement range. Correlation analysis using Passing-Bablok regression showed high correlation coefficients (R > 0.96) with regression slopes close to 1. The newly developed miniaturized disposable U-tube exhibits excellent precision, reliable repeatability, and high correlation with established methods, enhancing laboratory productivity and offering potential for clinical applications. Further studies with human blood samples are recommended to confirm its clinical applicability.

PURPOSES : This study is to develop an comprehensive validation methodology for autonomous mobility-on-demand system with level 4 automated driving system. METHODS : The proposed method includes the quantitative techniques for validating both automated driving system and center system using each optimal indicators. In addition, a novel method for validating the whole system applying multi-criteria decision methodology is suggested. RESULTS : The relative weights for the vehicle system was higher than the center systems. Moreover, the relative weights of failure rate for validating the vehicle system was the highest, in addition to, a relative weight for accuracy of dynamic routing algorithm within center system was the highest. CONCLUSIONS : The proposed methodology will be applicable to validate the autonomous mobility on demand system quantitatively considering the relative weights for each systems.

The Automated Eichner Iris Photometer(AEIP) at the Korea Basic Science Center was tested for its function and the proper procedure for photographic photometry. The AEIP requires about three hours for reaching the electrical stability. When the iris is controlled automatically, the repeatability of density unit (DU) is accurate in the uncertainty of (0.0028∼0.0048 0.0028∼0.0048 )DU. The iris reading is found to be accurate within the mean error of 0.m05 0.m05 , which could be reduced to 0.m02 0.m02 by the manual control. To check the applicability of the AEIP. each two photographic plates for UBV colors which were taken by Dupuy and Zukauskas(l976) for the open cluster Byur 2, were measured by using the AEIP. and the photographic magnitudes and colors of the stars in Byur 2 were determined. discussing the previous results.

In this paper, we describe the development of a bioreactor for a cell-culture experiment on the International Space Station (ISS). The bioreactor is an experimental device for culturing mouse muscle cells in a microgravity environment. The purpose of the experiment was to assess the impact of microgravity on the muscles to address the possibility of longterm human residence in space. After investigation of previously developed bioreactors, and analysis of the requirements for microgravity cell culture experiments, a bioreactor design is herein proposed that is able to automatically culture 32 samples simultaneously. This reactor design is capable of automatic control of temperature, humidity, and culture-medium injection rate; and satisfies the interface requirements of the ISS. Since bioreactors are vulnerable to cell contamination, the medium-circulation modules were designed to be a completely replaceable, in order to reuse the bioreactor after each experiment. The bioreactor control system is designed to circulate culture media to 32 culture chambers at a maximum speed of 1 ml/min, to maintain the temperature of the reactor at 36±1°C, and to keep the relative humidity of the reactor above 70%. Because bubbles in the culture media negatively affect cell culture, a de-bubbler unit was provided to eliminate such bubbles. A working model of the reactor was built according to the new design, to verify its performance, and was used to perform a cell culture experiment that confirmed the feasibility of this device.

In this study, an automated cable non-destructive test (NDT) system was proposed to monitor the steel cable. Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) method was applied for the cable inspection. A multi-channel MFL sensor head was fabricated using Hall sensors and permanent magnets. A wheel based Cable climbing robot was used to improve the accessibility to cable. In addition, remote data transmission and robot control were possible by applying the Wireless LAN communication. Finally, developed element techniques were integrated to MFL based Cable Climbing NDT system, and the field applicability of the integrated cable NDT system was verified through a field test.