This study investigated the chemical composition of burdock (Arctium lappa L.) leaves essential oil, and the quantitative changes of the major terpene compounds according to the specific harvesting season. The essential oils obtained by the hydrodistillation extraction (HDE) method from the aerial parts of the burdock leaves were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oil composition of this plant was characterized by the higher content of phytol and 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone. Seventy seven (98.28%) volatile flavor compounds were identified in the essential oil from the burdock leaves harvested during the spring season of 2012, and phytol (33.47%) and 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (32.47%) were the most abundant compounds. Eighty eight (99.08%) compounds were identified in the essential oil from the leaves harvested during the autumn season of 2012, and in this case, phytol (37.35%) and 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (34.67%) were also the most abundant compounds. These two volatile components were confirmed as the major oil components of the burdock leaves during the time of any harvest. The ratio between the two components contained in the burdock essential oils did not differ significantly by harvesting season. But overall, the essential oil harvested during the spring season contained 65.94% of the two major components, while for the essential oil harvested during the autumn season, the total amount of these two major components was 72.02%. While the main ingredients of the essential oils were found to be unchanged from one harvest time to the next, it was found to differ in content. For the burdock leaves, the quality index of the volatile constituents according to the harvest time would be more useful for utilizing the total quantity other than the proportion between phytol and 6,10,4-trimethyl-2-pentadecone.

This study investigated the chemical composition of Cirsium japonicum var. ussurience Kitamura essential oil and the quantitative changes of major volatile flavor compounds according to the harvesting season. The essential oils obtained by the method of hydrodistillation extraction from aerial parts of C. japonicum var. ussurience Kitamura were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Sixty-four volatile flavor compounds were identified in the essential oil from C. japonicum var. ussurience Kitamura harvested in May 2012; hexadecanoic acid (49.31%) was the most abundant compound, followed by 6,10,14- trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (13.72%), phytol (13.40%) and 9-hexadecenoic acid (4.16%). Eighty-three compounds were identified in the essential oil from the plant harvested in October 2012; phytol (40.56%), hexadecanoic acid (17.69%), 6,10,14- trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (13.71%), and caryophyllene oxide (4.15%) were the most abundant compounds. Types and levels of volatile compounds from different harvesting seasons varied. The essential oil composition of C. japonicum var. ussurience Kitamura harvested in the spring and autumn was characterized by higher contents of aliphatic fatty acid, diterpene and sesquiterpene, respectively.

본 연구는 일본 수출용으로 재배되고 있는 가지의 품질의 향상과 규격화를 위한 품종 및 수확시기에 따른 물성 및 성분의 변화를 조사하였다. 품종에 따른 크기와 중량는 시키부 품종에 비해 축양 품종에서 높았고, 하절기에 비해 동절기 수확한 가지의 크기와 중량이 낮았다. 가지의 과육의 pH와 당도는 품종간에 차이가 없었으나 수확시기에 따라 약간의 차이가 있었다. 가지의glucose와 fructose의 함량은 각각 115.4~155.4, 64.2~102

맥주보리의 수확기에 강우가 많았던 제주산 강우피해보리 와 기상상태가 양호하였던 전남, 경남산의 맥주보리의 발아성을 비교하여, 생산된 맥주보리의 사용을 원활하게 할 수 있는 방안을 강구하고자 종자의 병원균 감염여부와 수발아성을 확인하고 아울러 휴면정도와 발아성을 조사한 결과 수확기의 강우는 발아에 지장을 초래하여 '91년산의 제주산은 46∼71%의 수준으로 불량하였다. 발아율이 낮은 제주산도 발아에 지장을 줄 정도의 병감염은 없었다. 강우피해보리는 포도당과 맥아당의 함량이 높았는데, 이는 곡립의 물질분해가 이루어진 것으로 보여지며 수발아현상으로 추정되었다. 제주산 강우피해보리에서 수발이후 휴면하는 종자가 많음을 TZ발아능 예측검사에서 알 수 있었으며 강우피해보리의 경우 저온발아시험에서 발아율이 높으므로 보아 2차휴면을 하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 수확후 12개월간 저장한 후에는 발아력이 향상됨을 알 수 있었다. 이와 같은 현상으로 보아 발아불량은 2차휴면의 결과로 보이며, 월동에 의한 저온처리후에 원료로 사용하거나 수확 직후에 발아력이 50%이상일 경우에는 5 에서 5일간 함수상태 예냉처리로, 발아력이 50%이하로 낮은 경우에는 gibberellic acid 1ppm수준으로 처리하면 발아율을 증대시킬 수 있을 것으로 본다. 발아력과 휴면정도가 다양한 seed lot을 재료로 맥주보리의 발아력향상에 관한 예냉과 gibberellic acid 처리의 효과를 재 구명할 필요가 있겠다.