Two key technologies of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing are recognized to achieve the rapid growth of shale gas production, in specific, in the United States during last decade. The claims between environmentalists and oil companies have been debating in terms of water contamination. Nowadays, voluntary publication of chemicals from shale gas players are available in the website, FracFocus. This paper introduces chemicals that are currently used in hydraulic fracturing process. Among chemicals, guar gum and guar derivatives are dominantly consumed to increase the viscosity of hydrofracking fluids. The role of additional additives, such as breakers and biocides, is presented by explaining how they cut down the molecular structure of guar gum and guar derivatives. In addition, crosslinking agent, pH controller, friction reducer, and water soluble polymers are also presented

이 논문에서는 초기 지중응력(initial ground stress)으로 인한 수직터널의 균열 발생여부를 확인하기 위해 수압파쇄시험을 실시하였다. 수압파쇄시험 결과 터널 내 발생된 균열은 초기 지중응력과의 직접적인 연관성이 낮음을 확인하였다.