꽃송이버섯 안정생산을 위해 액체종균배지조성 및 배양조건에 관한 연구결과, 물엿을 8Brix%로 조절하고 질소원으로 Yeast extract를 0.2%첨가한 배지에서 균사생장량이 우수하여 적합 배지로 선발하였다. 통기량에 따른 CO2발생량은 배양 9일까지 증가하다 감소하였고, 통기량이 높을수록 균체직경은 작아지고 배지감소율은 증가하여 통기량 0.9vvm이상에서 배지감소율이 급증하여 꽃송이버섯 액체종균에 적합한 통기량은 0.3~0.6 vvm 이 적합하였다. 또한, 배양기간일 길수록 균체량이 많았으나, CO2발생량이 높고 배지감소율이 낮은 9~11일을 적합 배양기간으로 설정하였다.

Fe3O4/Fe/graphene nanocomposite powder is synthesized by electrical wire explosion of Fe wire and dispersed graphene in deionized water at room temperature. The structural and electrochemical characteristics of the powder are characterized by the field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, field-emission transmission electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and galvanometric discharge-charge method. For comparison, Fe3O4/Fe nanocomposites are fabricated under the same conditions. The Fe3O4/Fe nanocomposite particles, around 15-30 nm in size, are highly encapsulated in a graphene matrix. The Fe3O4/Fe/graphene nanocomposite powder exhibits a high initial charge specific capacity of 878 mA/g and a high capacity retention of 91% (798 mA/g) after 50 cycles. The good electrochemical performance of the Fe3O4/Fe/graphene nanocomposite powder is clearly established by comparison of the results with those obtained for Fe3O4/Fe nanocomposite powder and is attributed to alleviation of volume change, good distribution of electrode active materials, and improved electrical conductivity upon the addition of graphene.

Tin is one of the most promising anode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries with a high energy density. However, the commercialization of tin-based anodes is still hindered due to the large volume change (over 260%) upon lithiation/delithiation cycling. To solve the problem, many efforts have been focused on enhancing structural stability of tin particles in electrodes. In this work, we synthesize tin nano-powders with an amorphous carbon layer on the surface and surroundings of the powder by electrical wire explosion in alcohol-based liquid media at room temperature. The morphology and microstructures of the powders are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Xray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemical properties of the powder for use as an anode material for lithium-ion battery are evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and a galvanometric dischargecharge method. It is shown that the carbon-coated tin nano-powders prepared in hexanol media exhibit a high initial charge specific capacity of 902 mAh/g and a high capacity retention of 89% after 50 cycles.

The growth characteristics of Paecilomyces tenuipes according to the passage in the two kind of liquid media were investigated by comparing the mycelium and conidium formation degrees. The potato dextrose broth medium and the silkworm larvae medium containing the silkworm powder were used as the liquid media, and the potato dextrose agar medium and the brown rice medium containing the powder of silkworm pupa were used as the solid media. The conidium formation degree in liquid media differed by the passages but that in solid media was not. This suggested that the passage in liquid media did not affect significantly the conidium formation in solid media. When the brown rice media were inoculated with the concentration of 1×10¹⁰ conidia/㎖, 1×10⁸ conidia/㎖ and 1×10⁶ conidia/㎖, respectively, the conidium formation degrees were similar. This indicated that the optimal inoculation concentration of conidium to the brown rice media is 1×10⁶ conidia/㎖.