We investigate ow and magnetic structure of a solar prominence with a focus on how the magnetic eld originally determined by subsurface dynamics gives rise to the structure. We perform a magnetohydrodynamic simulation that reproduces the self-consistent evolution of a ow and the magnetic eld passing freely through the solar surface. By analyzing Lagrangian displacements of magnetized plasma elements, we demonstrate the ow structure that is naturally incorporated to the magnetic structure of the prominence formed via dynamic interaction between the ow and the magnetic eld. Our results explain a diverging ow on a U-loop, a counterclockwise downdraft along a rotating eld line, acceleration and deceleration of a down ow along an S-loop, and partial emergence of a W-loop, which may play key roles in determining structural properties of the prominence.

Brand prominence has emerged in the last years as a promising research area in luxury marketing. The present research looks at extending our current understanding of the role played by the conspicuousness of a brand’s trademark or logo on consumers’ purchase intentions. Drawing from qualitative (semi-structured interviews) and quantitative (online questionnaire) research methods, we explore the impact of logo size (small vs. large) and nature of products (high street vs. luxury) on consumers’ attitudes towards products, intention to buy and willingness to pay. The explorative qualitative part features semi-structure interviews to understand luxury consumers’ opinions on brand prominence. The quantitative part features a 2 (prominence: low vs high) x2 (luxuriousness: high street vs luxury) mixed factorial design. Participants are first presented with images of t-shirts with varying logo sizes (small vs large; prominence: low vs high) and varying brands (luxuriousness: high street vs luxury) before answering a series of questions in relation to their products and brand preferences. This research carries both theoretical and managerial implications. In terms of theoretical implications, it contributes to a better understanding of brand prominence, and the difference between high street vs luxury brands in terms of consumer perception. In terms of managerial implications, it can help marketers to optimise the size of a logo and brand name depending on the nature of the brand they work with.

Viral video advertising as a branded entertainment has shown its potential to overcome consumer skepticism by spreading the brand message through individuals’ social connection. Although brand placement prominence and brand disclosure may be critical factors that influence forwarding intention in the viral video ad context, less research has examined these relationship. To fill these gaps, this study aims 1) to examine the psychological mechanisms through which the brand placement prominence influences consumers’ forwarding intention of viral video advertising, and 2) to investigate the potential moderating role of brand disclosure timing. This study shows that the level of brand prominence in a viral video ad is an important factor influencing viewers’ forwarding intention sequentially mediated by persuasion knowledge, critical processing and enjoyment. The moderating role of brand disclosure timing investigated in the current study suggests that when the branded viral video has a high level of brand prominence, post brand disclosure leads to a higher forwarding intention compared to the prior brand disclosure.

The present study investigates the effect of peer evaluation tasks on learners’ noticing and production of prominence. Attention is placed on the students’ noticing episodes during the task, and whether the student utilizes what is noticed into their re-recordings to achieve more intelligible speech. The results reveal that the students directed their attention to the features of prominence, with metalinguistic reflections evident in their transcriptions and exchanges of evaluative comments. The students’ first and second recordings were then assessed by four native speakers based on five criteria: comprehensibility, rhythm, stress, intonation, and perceived naturalness. The ratings indicated that the students’ second recordings were evaluated lower in intelligibility and were regarded as being unnatural, forced, and overly exaggerated in their production of prominence. Lastly, qualitative analyses of the audio revealed that the post-task recordings involved an increased frequency of stress production, but the exaggerated prosodic qualities in pitch, elongation, and volume may have been contributing factors leading to lower intelligibility.

This study sets out to examine how status consumption and prominence of brand markings influence consumer’s desire to purchase luxury fashion goods. Significant findings include emotional value’s powerful influence over purchase intention of luxury goods, and the empirical differences observed between two levels of brand prominence.

The trochanteric prominence angle test (TPAT) has been used to measure the femoral anteversion angle between the tibial crest and the vertical line. However, the exact anatomical reference of the tibial crest has not yet been identified in the literature. Thus, the purposes of this research were twofold: first, to compare the femoral anteversion angle measured at three different anatomical references of the tibial crest (the proximal tibial crest, the proximal third of tibial crest, and the proximal half of tibial crest) and, second, to determine inter-and intra-rater reliabilities of the femoral anteversion angle measured at these three different anatomical references of the tibial crest during the TPAT. We recruited 14 healthy subjects, and a total of 28 legs were examined. The TPAT was measured using a digital inclinometer. A 1-way repeated-measure analysis of variance was used to compare the femoral anteversion angle measured at three different anatomical references of the tibial crest, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to determine reliability. The femoral anteversion angle measured at the proximal tibial crest was significantly higher than that at the proximal third of the tibial crest and the proximal half of the tibial crest. The inter-and intra-rater reliabilities of femoral anteversion angle were measured at three anatomic references of the tibial crest were all found to be high during the TPAT (ICC=.9 0~.98). In conclusion, clinicians should recognize that the different degrees of the femoral anteversion angle could be measured when different anatomical references of the tibial crest were used, and that reliabilities were high when an exact anatomical reference of the tibial crest was used during the TPAT.

The size of fine structures in the quiescent prominence that appeared on August 16, 1992 has been estimated using power spectra generated from intensity variations of Ha images of the lower part of the prominence, which were taken with a G1 CCD camera attached to 25cm coronagraph at Norikura Coronal Station in Japan. The lower part of the prominence has shown a distinct intensity variation with optical thickness of τ=1~5. Our analysis yields a mean size of fine structures ranging from 350 km to 1,000 km, in good agreement with Hirayama(1985) and Zirker & Koutchmy(1989, 1991).

To study kinematics of solar prominences, we have made Ha spectrographic study of an eruptive prominence which appeared on the 27th of August, 1992 with a position angle of 270 deg. The observation was carried out by a Littrow type spectrograph and a G1 CCD camera attached to the 25cm coronagraph at Norikura Coronal Station. In taking the spectral data the slit was placed in parallel to the solar limb at 7 different heights, each being separated by 5 arcsec with a time step of 30 sec. The observed eruptive prominence shows a wide range of line of sight Doppler velocity, spanning from Vdopp=−17.5km/stoVdopp=58.2km/s Vdopp=−17.5km/stoVdopp=58.2km/s . It is also found that the velocity increases with height at the rate of ΔV=0.86km/s/arcsec ΔV=0.86km/s/arcsec .

A quantitative analysis has been made to estimate the horizontal variation of physical parameters in a loop type active prominence by analyzing Call H&K and Hε… Hε… spectra taken from such an active prominence (appeared on May 23, 1981 with position angle 251 degree) with Littrow type spectrograph attached to 25cm coronagraph at Norikura Coronal Station of National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. The spectral resolution is 1.12A/mm and the spatial resolution is 25'/mm for Call H&K lines. The present study shows that the turbulent velocity ranges from 10km/s to 20 km/s in the loop prominence, which are in good agreement with those of Hirayama (1989). It is also found that the temperature of the loop prominence is higher than that of quiescent prominences(\~8,000K) (\~8,000K) by about 4,000 K, whose temperature deviation seems very high.

As a basic element for sustainable development, the residential housing industry is vital and fundamental for every country in the world. Therefore, this study examines the impacts of financial considerations on house purchase decisions by housing investors in Auckland, New Zealand. 110 completed questionnaires were statistically analyzed. For testing the proposed hypotheses, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used. The results show that house prices, income, and credit accessibility significantly influence housing investors’ purchase decisions in a positive direction. It appears that more expensive houses offer more promising returns such that housing investors having higher levels of income and access to loans are brave enough to invest in such houses. This study aims to present the key factors influencing house purchase decisions from the viewpoint of housing investors as fundamental groups of stakeholders in the property market, which is rarely examined in previous studies. The implication of this study is to provide guidelines for housing regulators in New Zealand to develop affordable housing prices through the availability of land banks. This study also offers practical contributions to housing investors, particularly by providing key guidelines to make effective investment decisions.

The paper examines the relative contribution that prominence effect and frequency effect make on the phonetic substances in a large-scale corpus of reading-style Standard Korean. Japanese has been reported to have a sentence-final shortening effect in reading style database, probably due to frequency effect with attenuated effect of prosodic prominence. To examine whether the Korean reading style has a similar effect to the Japanese sentence-final shortening, phonetic characteristics of declarative sentence-ending ‘ta’ are examined based on the speech of 10 male and 10 female Korean speakers drawn from a large-scale speech corpus. The result showed that the declarative-ending ‘ta’ is marked by higher F1 as well as longer duration and lower F0 than medial ‘ta,' which served as a reference. The paper ends with the discussion of phonological consequences that these phonetic prominence effects may have in a number of languages.