목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 전동휠체어 사용자의 경험에 근거하여 정량적, 정성적 질문으로 구성된 설문조사를 통해 전동휠 체어가 사용자에게 서비스되기까지 발생하는 비용과 가치를 사회적 관점에서 도출하고 전동휠체어 경제성 평가를 위한 근거를 제시하는 것이다. 연구방법 : 2024년 3월부터 2024년 5월까지 서울과 원주시에 거주하는 63명의 장애인을 조사하였으며, 전동휠체어를 사 용하지 않거나, 동력보조장치를 사용하고 있는 조사대상자(n=5)를 제외하고, 전동휠체어를 구매하여 지역사회에서 사용하 고 있는 척수손상(n=12), 소아마비(n=11), 근육(n=19) 그리고 뇌병변 장애인(n=16) 총 58명의 응답을 분석하였다. 조사지 는 선행 연구를 근거하여 네 개 영역, 17개 대표 문항과 22개의 세부 문항으로 재구성하였으며, 조사 시 욕창의 단계, 전동휠체어 시트 옵션 그리고 건강의 개념을 설명하기 위해 시각 자료가 활용되었다. 결과 : 본 연구에 참여한 조사대상자의 정량적, 정성적 응답은 각각 분석하여 전동휠체어 구매 현황과 사용 만족도, 사용 경험 그리고 사회적 가치와 비용으로써 정리되었다. 조사대상자들은 전동휠체어를 사용하는데 전반적으로 만족하였지만, 구매 비용 부담으로 인한 아쉬운 구매를 하고 있었다. 전동휠체어 사용 이후 활동의 변화는 다양하였으며, 이는 '작업'의 변화라고 할 수 있다. 전동휠체어 사용으로 인한 '작업', 도움의 감소, 정서적인 가치와 수리, 교육 및 훈련, 외출 비용 등이 사회적 관점에서 고려되었다. 결론 : 본 연구에서는 사회적인 관점에서 전동휠체어의 비용과 가치를 조사하였다. 조사대상자가 사용하는 전동휠체어 유 형에 따라 가치 차이가 있었으며. 향후 전문가 논의를 통해 다양한 가치를 산출하고, 경제성 평가에 반영하려는 노력이 필요하다.

PURPOSES : This study reveals the social cost of illegal parking. Roadside illegal parking causes additional traffic congestion, air pollution, and traffic accidents. Several cities try to reduce illegal parking for the same reasons and build public parking spaces. However, few studies have been conducted on the effects and social cost of illegal parking problems. METHODS : In this study, a real-world study site was selected for the calibration of the VISSIM micro-simulator parameters, and several scenarios were created for developing illegal parking effect models. According to the simulation results, this study demonstrated five regression models that illustrated the average travel speed drop effects and the differences in emissions. RESULTS : Depending on the scenarios, the travel speed was dropped by 20 km/h–57 km/h and the levels of carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxide were increased by 111 g–279 g and 22.5 g–56.3 g, respectively. CONCLUSIONS : In this study, a methodology for estimating the social cost of illegal parking was established. Therefore, it is expected to contribute to the evaluation of policies related to illegal parking or the feasibility of facility investment.

loom 1993 to 1996, 1,500 cases of foodborne disease was reported annually in Korea. Salmonellosis were 55.1% of the reported bacterial fordborne disease cases. However, in general, it is estimated that the reported incidence of salmonellosis represents less than the real incidence. This study showed that salmonellosis estimates 177,000 cases (about 150 times of reported cases) costing 5.9 billion won in Korea. Only medical costs and productivity losses were included in the estimate of costs of the 177,000 cases estimated to occur in 1996. This estimates were considerably difference to U.S.A. in cases and costs, but not significantly difference in cases/population (%), expense/GDP (%). Understanding the social economic costs of foodborne disease will be endorsed risk assessment as a necessary method for evaluation and improving food safety regulatory programs in Korea.

For management of hazardous waste, the Ministry of Environment regulates fewer items and has fewer test methodsfor toxic chemicals than developed countries. Regulated items should be expanded in order to strengthen the managementof hazardous waste and comply with international trends. For conducting to quantify the cost and value of the expansion,we estimated the amount of toxic waste and evaluated applicability and economic effects of the expansion of regulateditems to the industry. Through a survey of domestic and foreign studies, we reviewed the substances (e.g. F and Ni) thatare regulated as hazardous chemicals and planed a road-map for gradual expansion of regulated items. The analysis oftreatment cost had been focused on the result of leachate and total content analysis of regulated 7 inorganic materials(Hg, Pb, Cd, As, Cu, Cr+6, and CN) and unregulated 8 inorganic metals (F, Ni, Zn, Se, Sb, Ba, Be, V), and also totalcontent analysis of unregulated 4 organic materials (PAHs, PCDD/DFs, HCB, and PCBs) in Korea. With the result ofcontent concentration of unregulated 8 inorganic metals, we could estimate that they were discharged about 4.644millionton/year from industries in Korea. Also, The amount of waste from oil refining, steel, and casting factory was more than50% of total generated waste in Korea.