새롭게 육성된 낭충봉아부패병 저항성 신품종 토종벌(Apis cerana koreana) 과 기존 농가에서 관행적으로 사육되는 토종벌 사이의 형태학적 차 이를 육안으로 확연하게 구분하는 것은 어렵지만 본 연구에서는 신품종 토종벌(A. c. koreana) 을 기존 토종벌(A. c. koreana) 품종 및 계통 간 형태학적 비교를 통해 신품종 만의 특성을 결정할 수 있는 표현형 정보를 제공하였다. 신품종 토종벌(A. c. koreana)의 외부형질을 이용한 품종 특성은 22가지의 형태학적 특성을 기하학적, 형태학적 분석 방법을 적용하고 토종벌(A. c. koreana)의 로얄젤리 생산량, 일벌, 여왕벌, 수벌의 특성을 비교 분석하였다. 본 연구 결과, 신품종 토종벌(A. c. koreana)은 기존 토종벌과 앞날개의 길이에 차이를 보였으며, 중국의 동양종꿀벌(A. cerana)과 비교한 결과, 일벌은 몸무게, 혀의 길이, 앞날개의 길이 등의 값이 높았다. 또한, 신품종 토종벌(A. c. koreana)은 A. cerana indica 보다 두 가지 부위에서 형태학적인 차이를 보였다. 그리고 신품종 토종벌(A. c. koreana)은 로얄젤리를 다른 품종과 비교하여 많이 분비하여 봉군의 발육에 긍정적인 영향을 끼쳤다. 따라서 본 연구결과는 신규 육성 토종벌(A. cerana)에 대한 형태학적 분석 방법을 이용하여 품종을 분류하는데 도움이 될 것으로 기대한다.

Until now, 12 subspeceis of Eucarabus (Parhomopterus) sternbergi has been recorded in South Korea and some were described by foreign entomologist without comparative examination. In addition, most of them were not reviewed since the original description. Therefore, based on this study, all subspecies of this group in South Korea were revised taxonomically, and a new subspecific key was provided. As a result, 8 subspecies of Eucarabus (Parhomopterus) sternbergi were confirmed in South Korea and their new synonyms are as follows: Eucarabus (Parhomopterus) sternbergi sternbergi (Roeschke, 1898) = E. (P.) s. gimhwa (Rapuzzi, 2015); E. (P.) s. honamensis (Kwon et Lee, 1984) = E. (P.) s. jindoensis (Rapuzzi, 2015) = E. (P.) s. goheungicus (Rapuzzi, 2015); E. (P.) s. schnelli (Lassalle, 1999) = E. (P.) s. deogyusan (Rapuzzi, 2015).

The Subspecies of lucanid beetle Cyclommatus metallifer (Boisduval, 1835) from Indonesia are revised here. Six subspecies were known from Indonesia. Among them, Cyclommatus metallifer otanii Mizunuma and Nagai, 1991 was confirmed to be a synonym of Cyclommatus metallifer aenomicans Parry, 1863. Moreover, a new subspecies, Cyclommatus metallifer butonensis ssp. nov., is described from Buton Island of Indonesia. The identification key, distributional data, photos of adult habitus, male genitalia, and figures for each species are provided.

In this research, taxonomic revision conducted on subspecies of Cyclommatus metallifer (Boisduval, 1835) which are endemic to Indonesia, and totally 6 subspecies were recorded. Among them, Cyclommatus metallifer otanii Mizunuma et Nagai synonymized by Cyclommatus metallifer aenomicans Parry. And also Cyclommatus metallifer ssp. nov. is recorded. total 6 subspecies will be confirmed as valid subspecies

The Silphidae Latreille, 1806 was reviewed as 26 species of 9 genera from Korea. In this study, we report a new subspecies, Silpha perforata jejuensis ssp. nov, from Is. Jeju and taxonomic revision of the family Silphidae in Korean Peninsula. We provide descriptions, Photograph of morphological and genital structures and a key of Korean species.

To identify subspecies of the sika deer, Cervus nippon, and to select C. n. hortulorum individuals for restoration of this subspecies in Korea, we obtained cytochrome b partial sequences (375 bp) of sika deer (C. nippon) from deer farms in northeastern China, North Korea, mainland Korea, and Jeju Island. Based on noninvasive samples, these cytochrome b sequences were compared with the corresponding haplotypes of sika deer, which were obtained from GenBank. We identified five individuals of sika deer from deer farms in northeastern China and North Korea as C. n. hortulorum, and found that interbreeding between individuals belonging to different subspecies is common on deer farms in far-eastern Asia. We concluded that the five C. n. hortulorum individuals on deer farms from northeastern China and North Korea, detected in this study, cannot be considered as pure descendants of C. n. hortulorum in the wild.

To identify subspecies and stocks of minke whale meats purchased from Korean markets during 2005-2007, we first obtained their complete sequences of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b and control region sequences, and compared these sequences to the corresponding sequences of the common minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), obtained from GenBank. From analyses with partial cytochrome b sequences (383 bp) and non-coding, partial control region sequences (463 bp), Korean mink whale meats are identified as products from the North Pacific minke whale (B. a. scammoni). In addition, the sequences of the partial control region from these meats showed G at site no. 298 and G or A at site no. 463, and the meats appeared to originate from the J stock within this subspecies. Thus, because the J stock has been protected since 1986, implementation of strict regulation measures to reduce their accidental fisheries by catch seems urgent. In addition, B. a. scammoni is distinct from B. a. acutorostrata, with an average Jukes-Cantor distance of 2.21% in the complete control region sequence analysis (935 bp) and 1.31% in the complete cytochrome b gene sequence analysis; the current results support the current subspecies classification, although further sequencing analyses with nuclear genes are necessary.

한국꿩 (Korean ring-necked Pheasant, Phasianus colchicus karpowi)과 외국 아종의 유전적 유연관계를 파악하기 위해 야생 한국꿩, 사육 한국꿩, 사육 한국꿩과 외국꿩간의 잡종꿩, 외국꿩 4아종(중국 링넥, 흑 뮤탄트, 백 뮤탄트, 녹치)을 대상으로 ISSR 표지자 분석과 AMOVA 분석을 수행하였다. 야생 한국꿩의 전체 유전 다양성중 94.08%가 서식지 내 개체간 유전적 차이에 기인하고, 5.9% (Φ

Acoptolabrus mirabilissimus sangjuensis ssp. nov. from Mt. llweolsan, Korea is described new to science. Classificational key, photo of types and distributional map are provided herein.

Fiften new species of the genus Stenoloba Staudinger (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Bryophilinae) are described in this second part of the article, with 21 colour photos of adults and 33 genitalia figures.

In the revision of the genus Stenoloba Staudinger, 1892, which distributed mostly in the Oriental region(South-East Asia) and partially in Manchurian subregion of the Palaearctic region, 47 species including 25 new species and three new subspecies are recognized. In the first pat of this revision, 21 species with descriptions of 10 new species and two new subspecies are reviewed, with illustrations of 42 genitalia and 29 colour photos of adults. One species, Stenoloba albiangulata (Mell, 1943), comb. nov. is newly combined and transferred to this genus. The 2nd part will include 26 species, with descriptions of 15 new species.

Twelve new species, Cryphia herczigi sp. nov., C. hohuana sp. nov., Odontestra lasxlogabe sp. nov., O. attila sp. nov., Xylena plumbeopaca sp. nov., Taivaleria rebrifasciata sp. nov., Hemiglaea radiata sp. nov., Nyctycia signa sp. nov., Fabiania pulla sp. nov., F. satellitia sp. nov., F. marki sp. nov., Asidemia albovitta sp. nov., and three new subspecies, Xestia fuscostigma csoevarii ssp. nov., Karana hoenei marcida ssp. nov. and genera, Taivaleria gen. nov. and Fabiania gen. nov., are established, and taxonomic notes for some little known noctuids are given. Illustrations of the male or the female genitalia for 45 species, and 34 images of adults are provided.

남, 북한 각 지역으로 부터 채집된 재료를 대상으로 비교검토한 결과 박각시과의 1신아종 Ambulyx japonica koreana subsp. nov.을 기재발표한다.

Although the overall structure of the chloroplast genome is generally conserved, a number of sequence variations have been identified, which are valuable for plant population and evolutionary studies. Here, we constructed a chloroplast variation map of 30 landrace rice strains of Korean origin, using the Oryza rufipogon chloroplast genome (Genbank: NC_017835) as a reference. Differential distribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and indels across the rice chloroplast genome is suggestive of a region-specific variation. Population structure clustering revealed the existence of two clear subgroups (indica and japonica) and an admixture group (aus). Phylogenetic analysis of the 30 landrace rice strains and six rice chloroplast references suggested and supported independent evolution of O. sativa indica and japonica. Interestingly, two “aus” type accessions, which were thought to be indica type, shared a closer relationship with the japonica type. One hypothesis is that “Korean aus” was intentionally introduced and may have obtained japonica chloroplasts during cultivation. We also calculated the nucleotide diversity of 30 accessions and compared to six rice chloroplast references, which shown a higher diversity in the indica and aus groups than in the japonica group in lower level substitution diversity.