We investigated the standard cultivation substrate for Sparassis latifolia “Neowul” bred in Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services. Cultivation characteristics and yield were assessed by varying the kind of sawdust and additives, and the mixing ratio. The cultivation period in larch sawdust was the shortest at 97 days. The yield was excellent (143.6 g). The findings indicated that larch is a tree species appropriate for the cultivation of S. latifolia. When the additives were varied, the yield and productivity (53.1%) were highest (116.6 g) for the wheat bran treatment. Thus, wheat bran would be an additive appropriate for culturing S. latifolia. Concerning the use of different mixing ratios, larch sawdust:beet-pulp:wheat bran ratios of 80:15:5 and 85:10:5 resulted in yields of 114.4 g and 111.4 g, and productivity of 52.5% and 51.8%, respectively. These yield and productivity values were not statistically different. Thus, the standard cultivation substrate for S. latifolia can comprise larch sawdust, beet pulp, and wheat bran at a ratio of 80:15:5 or 85:10:5. The carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio assumed to be appropriate for the cultivation of S. latifolia was 184 –223. Pinheading would be difficult below a C/N substrate ratio of 105. Thus, the C/N ratio of the media, as well as the pH, would be vital factors affecting pinheading during S. latifolia cultivation.

High temperature plasma coating technology has been applied to recover damaged aluminum dies from wear by spraying pure aluminum and alumina powder. However, the coated mixed powder layer composed of aluminum and alumina often undergoes a detachment from the substrate, making the coated substrate die unable to maintain its expected life span. In this study, in order to increase the bonding strength between the substrate and the coating layer, a pure aluminum layer was applied as an intermediate bond layer. In order to prepare the specimen with variable bond coating conditions, the bond coat layers with a various gun speed from 10 cm/sec to 30 cm/sec were prepared with coating cycle variations ranging from three to nine cycles. The specimen with a bond coat layer coated with a gun speed of 20 cm/sec and three coating cycles exhibited ~13MPa of adhesion strength, while the specimen without a bond coat layer showed ~6 MPa of adhesion strength. The adhesion strength with a variation of bond coat layer thickness is discussed in terms of coating parameters.

라오스의 느타리버섯 수량과 품질을 향상시키기 위하여 볏짚, 왕겨, 볏짚과 왕겨의 혼합, 맥주박을 사용하여 균사생장과 밀도를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 라오스 찹쌀벼 품종의 볏짚 및 왕겨를 각각 기존 사용하고 있는 톱밥배지의 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90%까지 각각 혼합처리 (V/V)하여 유리칼럼시험을 실시하여 균사의 생장과 밀도를 5일 간격으로 조사한 결과, 대조구 8.6cm/15일, 6.2cm/10일, 2.2cm/5일에 비하여 볏짚 및 왕겨를 각각 혼합함으로서 균사생장과 밀도가 현저히 좋았다. 볏짚 70%를 혼합하였을 때 13.5cm/15일, 8.8cm/10일, 3.2cm/5일로서 균사생장이 가장 좋았으며 균사밀도도 가장 높았다. 왕겨 40%, 50%를 혼합하였을 때 각각 10.1cm, 10cm/15일로서 균사생장과 밀도가 가장 좋았다. 볏짚과 왕겨의 비율을 2: 8, 4: 6, 5: 5, 6: 4, 8: 2로 각각 혼합처리(V/V)한 결과, 4 : 6의 혼합비율이 15일째에 각각 11.25cm로 가장 좋았고 다음이 5 : 5와 2 : 8비율이 좋았고, 6 : 4, 8 : 2 순으로 균사생장과 밀도가 대조구에 비하여 좋았다. 맥주박의 진흙 형 (S.T)과 효모 형 (Y.T)을 각각 10, 20,30%까지 혼합처리 (V/V)한 결과, 균사생장은 두가지 형 모두 약간의 촉진효과가 있었고 균사밀도는 진흙 형보다 효모 형이 균일하게 좋았다.

글루탈알데히드와 황산을 이용하여 가교된 키토산 복합막을 제조하였다. 제조된 복합막은 글루탈알데히드와 황산용액을 이용하여 표면말을 선택적으로 가교하엿다. 제조된 키토산 막에서의 키토산과 아세트산간의 착체형성의 영향을 관찰하기 위하여 수산화나트륨으로 중화하여 성능을 비교하였다. 황산으로 표면을 가교한 경우 코팅된 활성층의 투과증발에 대한 영향을 관찰하였다. 글루탈알데히드로 가교된 키토산복합막은 지지체의 종류를 변화시키면서 투과증발성능을 비교하였다. 지지체의 순수투과성능이 증가할수록 투과유량은 비슷한 값들을 유지하였으며, 선택도는 증가하다가 다시 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 수산화나트륨으로 키토산을 중화시킨 경우에는 선택도는 감소하였고 투과유량은 유지되는 경향을 나타내었다. 황산을 이용하여 표면을 이온가교시킨 경우 키토산 복합막은 활성충우ㅏ 두께가 증가할수록 가교시간이 증가하여야 최적의 가교조건을 나타내었다.

This study aimed to evaluate the growth of Cichorium intybus, Brassica juncea, and Lactuca sativa at varying seed ratios, and to suggest an efficient management plan for sustainable indoor agriculture systems. It was treated with mixed sowing as follows: 30 chicory seeds (chicory alone: CC), 22 chicory seeds + 8 lettuce seeds (C3L1), 20 chicory seeds + 10 lettuce seeds (C2L1), 15 chicory seeds + 15 lettuce seeds (C1L1) as intraspecies, and 30 mustard seeds (mustard alone: MC), 22 mustard seeds + 8 lettuce seeds (M3L1), 20 mustard seeds + 10 lettuce seeds (M2L1), 15 mustard seeds + 15 lettuce seeds (M1L1) as interspecies. The study identified the competitive response in seed germination between Cichorium intybus and Lactuca sativa, and in the C3L1 experimental group, Lactuca sativa had the highest leaf length, root length, chlorophyll content, and fresh weight. Therefore, the higher the ratio of Cichorium intybus, the higher the growth and productivity of Lactuca sativa; however, higher the ratio of Lactuca sativa, the lower the growth of Cichorium intybus. Furthermore, the nitrogen and potassium content in the substrate was the highest in the C3L1 experimental grorp which had the highest seeding rate of the Cichorium intybus. Comparing the groups Brassica juncea and Lactuca sativa, the higher the seeding ratio of Lactuca sativa, the higher the growth and productivity of Brassica juncea. Therefore, a companion seeding of Brassica juncea and Lactuca sativa is beneficial; this could be effective in having a high seeding ratio of Lactuca sativa.