This paper analyses the railroad trunk line constructed in the Korea since the end of the 19th century. The analysis consists of the following problematics. 1) The process of the decision of the railroad route 2) The relationship of the location of Eupchi and the stations By clarifying the above, the purpose of this paper is to clarify how the morphology of the city in Korea has been affected by the change in the relationship with Korea and Japan. The Empire of Japan has been reconnoitering the Korea since way before the formal contract for the railroad construction was signed. Therefore, the Empire of Japan had a very good understanding of the actual transportation system when it started the construction of the railroad. The railroad construction was used by the Empire of Japan to empower the control over the Korea. For this reason, the new railroad system was constructed as a different system from the former transportation system and the urban system was also affected. Also the relationship of the western powers and Japan around the turn of the 20th century defined the characteristic of the railway system as a pathway through the Korean peninsular to link Japan to the continent. Moreover, being apprehensive about the friction with the western, Japan located the railway stations to avoid the missionary land properties. This made it clear that the restraint relationship between Japan and the western affected the urban special structure.

A major history textbook for high schools, A Modern History of Korea for High School (Seoul: Kumsung Publishing House, 2007) described that Protestantism in Korea supported Japanese invasion to Korea. The text book has been used for many years by more than 50% high schools in South Korea. The argument of this book is very important because it might influence over high school students who think that the text book should always be correct. However, Protestantism in Korea was not the supporter of the Japan Empire in the turn-of-twentieth century Asia. In reality, Korea Protestantism had been appeared by Korean people as defender of Korean people against Japanese power. At that time Korea protestantism had been closely related to America which send their missionaries to Korea and helped its modernization. When Japan tried to put Korea in her power, King KoJong sent his envoy to the president Roosevelt of USA for help to maintain his independence. In reality, Japan government had considered Korean Protestantism as big obstacle for its rule over Korea. Japan had always be afraid of Korean Christianity and spied over it. Japanese army in 1911 arrested 105 important Christian leaders to destroy Korean churches. Also, in the last years of Japan imperialism, Japan governor-general of Korea expelled American missionaries from Korean peninsular to disconnect Korean Christian relationship with America. Finally, missionaries tried to maintain the principle of separation between church and state in Korea. They did not involve in political matter either on Korean nationalism or Japanese imperialism. This attitude of missionaries could not be satisfied with Japanese as well as Korean. However, they thought that their original mission in Korea is evangelization, but not independent movement of Korea.