선박 충돌사고는 지속적으로 발생하고 있다. 충돌사고의 대부분은 연안에서 운항하는 중소형 크기 선박들과 관련된다. 충돌사 고는 해양사고의 9%이지만, 충돌로 인한 인명피해는 전체의 34.4%를 차지한다. 근래 충돌사고에 대한 해양안전심판원 심판과정에서 해양 사고 관련자들이 사고 당시 청명한 날씨였음에도 상대 선박의 항해등이 미약하거나 제대로 보이지 않았다는 주장을 자주 한다. 특히 연 안이나 항만 내에서 발생한 충돌의 경우 더욱 그러하다. 이에 따라 항해등에 대한 현황과 안전성 분석이 필요하다. 이를 위하여 항해등 관련 국내외 규칙과 전문도서 내용을 살펴보고, 다른 교통수단 즉, 항공기와 열차 및 자동차 등화를 분석하며 항해등과 차이점을 비교한 다. 또한, 현재 해상교통환경을 살펴보고 최근 5년간 발생한 충돌사고를 분석하며, 선박 운항자와 선박 안전업무 종사자를 대상으로 항해 등에 관한 설문조사를 실시한다. 최종적으로 현재 항해등에 관한 개선방안을 제시한다.

In this study, spectral transmittance of signal lights (red, green, and yellow) through each colored lens was measured in other to examine changes in color sense of traffic lights according to color (red, yellow, green, blue, brown, and black) and coloring time (30 sec, 1 min, 5 min, 10 min, 20 min, and 30 min) of plastic tinted lens. The results were as follows ; Spectral transmittance distribution of a red light through lenses having different coloring time for each color (red, yellow, green, blue, brown, and black), study at the lowest value in the range of wave length 580-585 nm through red, yellow, green and blue lenses. The minimum value through brown lens was found at 55 0-600 nm, and at 570-590 nm through black one. Spectral in transmittance distribution of a yellow light through lenses with various coloring time for each color (red, yellow, green, blue, brown and black) stood at the minimum value showed at wavelength 540 nm through red, yellow, and green lenses and at 540- 670 nm through blue, brown, and black lenses. In the examination on spectral transmittance distribution of a green light through lenses having diverse coloring time for each color (red, yellow, green, blue, brown, and black), results appeared similar regardless of color and transmittance was lower less than 15% at the long-wavelength part over 600 nm. The dominant wavelengths of traffic lights according to each tinted lens were calculated as follows. The dominant wavelength of a red light was measured at 665-669 nm in red and yellow lenses, at 669-679 nm in green and blue lenses, at 664-676 nm in brown lens, and at 672-677 nm in black lens. The dominant wavelength of a yellow light showed at 565-558 nm in red lens, at 548-535 nm in yellow lens, at 540-576 nm in green lens, at 549-579 nm in blue lens, at 518 - 575nm in brown lens, and at 566-576 nm in black lens. The dominant wavelength of a green light appeared at 484-472 nm in red lens, at 487-485 nm in yellow lens, at 491-479 nm in green lens, at 490-484 nm in blue lens, at 490- 476 nm in brown lens, and at 483-477 nm in black lens.