All structures can not be perfect due to geometric or material initial imperfections. Initial imperfections are an important factor in determining the buckling mode and are known to be important factors in evaluating the actual buckling strength. The DNV-RP-C202 design standard limits the longitudinal stiffener spacing. However, the criteria for the stiffener spacing presented in DNV-RP-C202 is a guideline derived from the curved panel theory of perfect cross-sectional shape without initial imperfections. In this study, considering geometric initial imperfections, the transition point of stiffener spacing where longitudinal stiffeners affect the buckling strength of reinforced steel wind turbine tower is analyzed using finite element analysis program. The results of finite element analysis compared with theoretical results based on the perfect shape. As a result, a more reasonable stiffener spacing considering the initial imperfections was suggested.

급성 췌장염은 다양한 원인에 의해 발생되는 췌장의 염증성 질환으로 담도질환에 대한 내시경 시술이나 영상의학적 시술에 의해서 유발되기도 한다. 담도 시술과 관련하여 발생 하는 췌장염은 담도에 대한 조작보다는 바터팽대부를 절개 또는 확장시키거나 바터팽대부를 통과시켜 스텐트 혹은 도관을 거치하면서 유발되는 췌관의 압박에 의해 발생하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 바터팽대부에 대한 조작을 시행하지 않는 경우에는 췌장염 발생의 위험성이 없는 것으로 되어 있고 더 하여 경피경관담도경 시술을 위한 도관 삽입 후에 췌장염이 발생한 경우는 보고된 바가 없었다. 본 증례에서는 3cm 가량의 거대 총담관 담석들에 의해 발생된 담도염에 대해 경피 경관담도경 시술을 준비하는 과정 중 총담관에 도관을 삽입 한 이후 급성 췌장염이 발생하였다. 이에 저자들은 원위부 총담관 내부에 삽입된 도관으로 인해 거대 총담관 담석이 췌장두부를 압박하였고 이로 인한 주췌관의 가역적인 폐색이 유발되어 급성 췌장염이 발병한 증례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) remains one of the most significant obstacles in various cancer treatment, and this process often involves dysregulation of the number of micro-RNAs. The aim of this study was to explore the role of miR-4708 on the regulation of MDR-1 expression and the regulation of multidrug resistance (MDR) to chemotherapeutic drugs. Luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that miR-4708 directly binds MDR-1 3’-UTR and down-regulated reporter luciferase activity. The mRNA and protein expression levels of MDR1 were significantly decreased following miR-4708 overexpression. Additionally, the accumulation of rhodamine-123 in paclitacel resistant FaDu cells following miR-4708 transfection was significantly increased compared with control, indicating that the efflux capacity was reduced. These results demonstrated that miR-4708 could be involved in the regulation of MDR via targeting MDR-1 and may provide a potential strategy for reversing drug resistance in oral cancer.

The paper presents an experimental evaluation of RC columns retrofitted by TRC(Textile fabric Reinforced Concrete). TRC were made using textile fabric fiber and self leveling mortar. A total of three specimens was constructed and was performed cyclic loading test. One specimen was a non-retrofitted column, while others were retrofitted with textile fabric and sheet type fiber. By comparing with non-retrofitted specimen, the maximum strength and ductility of retrofitted RC column was improved compared to non-retrofitted RC column.

The objectives of this study were to select the seeds of Cucurbitaceae and Solanaceae genotypes in terms of superior with bioactive compounds content and to inform sophisticated data for developing the high value-added products. We evaluated to aspects of the antioxidant activity, polyphenol content, and flavonoid contents in seeds from two vegetable family. We used in the Cucurbitaceae(watermelon, squash, bitter gourd, and sponge gourd) and Solanaceae(hot pepper, sweet pepper, and egg plant) the total 408 genotypes. In Cucurbitaceae, polyphenol content of watermelon and squash genotypes were ranged 19.9-343.8 and 6.1-81.2 mg·100 g-1 DW, respectively. The polyphenol content of watermelon genotypes was 12% among all genotypes over 160 mg·100 g-1 DW. The mean of flavonoid content in watermelon and squash genotypes represented 80 and 41.3 mg·100 g-1 DW, respectively. In Solanaceae, flavonoid content of hot pepper genotypes was ranged 64.4-472.5 mg·100 g-1 DW, with an average of 165.0 mg·100 g-1. The 23 hot pepper genotypes were classified over 90% antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity of sweet pepper was ranged 35.9-90.3%, and 23% of all genotypes represented 82% antioxidant activity. The polyphenol and flavonoid content of egg plant was ranged 38.1-642.0 mg·100 g-1 DW and 14.2-1217.0 mg·100 g-1 DW, respectively. In addition, we selected that 8 egg plant with the superior genotypes for antioxidant activity, polyphenol, and flavonoid content. Results revealed that there was significant variation of antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds contents in both vegetable famaily. In addition, we suggested that selected genotypes seeds with high contain bioactive compounds will be more efficiency to develop natural value-added products.

본 연구에서는 해산 규조류(Skeletonema cosatatum)의 개체군성장률(r)을 사용하여 중금속 3종 (As, Cr, Pb)의 독성영향 평가를 실시하였다. S. costatum을 As (0, 0.32, 0.63, 1.25, 2.50 및 5.00 mg L-1), Cr (0, 0.16, 0.32, 0.63, 1.25 및 2.50 mg L-1) 및 Pb (0, 1.25, 2.50, 5.00, 10.00 및 20.00 mg L-1)에 96시간 노출한 이후에 r 값을 측정하였다. 대조구에서 r 은 0.04보다 높았으며 As 농 도 0.63, Cr 농도 0.63 및 Pb 농도 10.00 mg L-1 이상에서 r 이 대조구 대비 유의하게 감소하였고 중금속 농도가 증가할수록 농도 의존적으로 감소되는 경향을 나타냈다. EC50(반수영향농도)을 이용한 중금속의 독성세기는 Cr>As>Pb 순서를 나타냈으며, EC50 각각 0.80, 2.57 및 13.88 mg L-1으로 나타났으며, 최소영향농도(LOEC)는 각각 0.63, 0.63 및 10.00 mg L-1으로 나타났다. LOEC 를 기준으로 해양환경에서 Cr, As, Pb 농도가 0.63, 0.63 및 10.00 mg L-1 이상이 되었을 때, S. costatum에게 독성 영향이 나타날 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 본 연구를 통해 S. costatum 의 r 은 해양생태계 내에서 생산자 역할을 하는 생물에 대한 중금속의 독성평가를 위하여 유용 하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.