An 8-month-old, neutered male, Korean short hair cat was referred for a closed locked jaw. Physical examination and computed tomography(CT) revealed an old trauma fracture with the absence of synovium at the left temporomandibular joint suggestive of left temporomandibular joint ankylosis. Gap arthroplasty successfully eliminated clinical signs, aided by the 3D printed model of the patient’s skull and piezosurgical unit. The major complication, temporal ipsilateral facial paralysis and reankylosis, were auspiciously managed through constant ocular lubrication and early rehabilitation.

Moringa oleifera, a versatile plant, has been traditionally used to treat various ailments and is gaining scientific attention due to its potential as a medicine. Native to the Indian subcontinent, it is widely grown in tropical and subtropical regions, thriving in Asia, Africa, and South America, especially in arid climates. This study explores the antioxidant potential of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOLE), employing a comprehensive screening approach with various solvents to identify the most effective extraction method. Initial experiments assessed antioxidant efficacy and yield using distilled water (D.W.), 95% ethanol, and 95% methanol. Among these, 95% ethanol extract demonstrated superior antioxidant activity, confirmed through assays such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-14 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, total polyphenol content analysis, and reducing power assay. In addition, with the 95% ethanol MOLE, a higher extraction efficiency was yielded compared to other solvents, making it the most effective for large-scale preparation. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of key bioactive compounds, including ellagic acid, rutin, Q-3-O, quercetin, and kaempferol. Results revealed that MOLE, prepared using 95% ethanol, exhibited remarkable antioxidant properties, attributed to its rich polyphenolic content. This research underscores the therapeutic potential of MOLE as a natural antioxidant source and highlights the importance of solvent optimization in phytochemical extractions.

Coffee is a major traded item worldwide. Uganda, where the coffee sector provides a livelihood to 1.8 million households, is Africa’s second-biggest coffee exporter. Pests and diseases are significant constraints affecting coffee production. Although the Ugandan government has implemented strategies to assist farmers in addressing these constraints, coffee pests and diseases continue to affect the yield and quality of coffee crops. This ongoing issue highlights the need for more effective and sustainable solutions to protect coffee production in Uganda. This review examined two prevalent diseases and two major pests known to significantly impact Uganda’s coffee systems. It explored strategies that pathogens and pests would utilize to invade and colonize coffee plants. Furthermore, this review evaluated current challenges and prospects for improving coffee pest and disease management. By offering valuable insights and recommendations, it aims to equip agricultural stakeholders with the knowledge needed to develop and implement more effective strategies for combating these persistent threats to coffee production in Uganda.

본 연구는 웹툰 제작 과정에서 배경 에셋제작을 자동화하기 위한 생성형 AI 기술 기반플랫폼 을 제안한다. 이 플랫폼은 서사에 중요하지 않지만, 웹툰에서 필수적인 요소인 배경과 관련된 에셋 제작을 자동화하여 웹툰 작가들의 고강도 노동을 경감시키고 제작 효율성을 높이는 것을 목표로 한다. 플랫폼은 React와 TypeScript를 기반으로 구현되었으며, Stable Diffusion 기 술과 LoRA 모델을 활용하여 웹툰의 배경 에셋을 생성한다. 연구 방법으로는 문헌 연구, 플랫 폼 개발, 실제 웹툰 적용 실험을 수행하였다. 연구 결과, 제안된 플랫폼은 프로그램 설치나 추 가 모델링 구매 없이 프롬프트 작성만으로 배경 생성이 가능하며, 이미지 생성과 보정을 동시 에 처리할 수 있어 작업 효율성이 높은 것으로 나타났다.그러나 근경 물체의 정확성과 인체 표현에서 한계를 보여, 기존 3D 모델링 도구와의 상호 보완적 사용이 효과적일 것으로 판단된 다.

Because intact FMDV particles (146S) are often unstable in vitro, stabilizing foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) antigens remains a key challenge in studying viral charateristics. Therefore, finding optimal condition to stabilize the FMDV is essential. In this study, we investigated formulations and potentials of several stabilizers such as appropriate buffer, excipients, and storage conditions to enhance the stability of 146S. Inactivated FMDV O-Jincheon (O-JC) was dissolved in various buffer formulations, and stored at 4℃ for two months to evaluate quantity of 146S at every 2-week interval. Among phosphate buffered saline (PBS), Tris buffered saline (TBS), HEPES buffered saline (HBS), and MOPS buffered saline (MBS), PBS showed more effective 146S stabilization that showed 1.3-1.6 fold higher 146S fraction than TBS, HBS, and MBS after storage for 2 weeks. However, constant dissociations of 146S were observed in all formulations at 8 weeks. Compared with other FMDVs, A22 Iraq and SAT-1, in PBS, O-JC proved to be the least stable in PBS. A variety of excipients including carbohydrate, sugar alcohol, cryo-protectant were tested for the capability in protecting O-JC from dissociation. By adding 4-8% sucrose, more than 60% of 146S fractions were maintained at 8 weeks, those were at least 1.8 fold higher than the PBS-only control. Addition of 1% β-cyclodextrin showed synergistic enhancement in O-JC stability. As the results of this study, it could be suggested that the PBS-based buffer together with 4-8% sucrose + 2% sorbitol or 2% sucrose + 2% sorbitol + 1% β-cyclodextrin could help the better stability of the O-JC in vaccine preparation.

This study focuses on the effectiveness of regional business support programs funded by South Korea's Balanced National Development Special Account, one of the policies designed to address regional imbalances and promote local autonomy. Using the analytical approach including DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) methodology, This study analyzed the efficiency of 76 star companies in the Jeonbuk region based on their performance from 2018 to 2023. This study was designed to improve previous studies limitations, which only analyzed simple input-output efficiency in the short term, by using six years of mid-term data to comprehensively evaluate input variables in both R&D and Non-R&D sectors. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of the expiring Star Company Development Program by evaluating efficiency of supported company groups using DEA and to propose support models and policy suggestions for upcoming regional specialized industries support program by identifying the features of both optimal and inefficiency models. For this, employments along with financial indicators such as sales revenue, operating profit, and total assets were set as output variables, with R&D and non-R&D support amounts were set as input variables for analysis. According to the results, the optimal efficiency model group has strong intellectual property acquisition capabilities, and continuous R&D investment. It shows that continuous innovation activities are a key factor for improving the effectiveness of support. This study found that, from a mid․long term perspective, policy support programs should be customized by unique characteristics of each industry field, Based on this, it was suggested that upcoming regional specialized industry support programs in the Jeonbuk region should include policy planning and support program design to complement the weaknesses of each industry field.

힌두교와 신지학의 융합은 현대적 환경 문제를 해결하기 위한 심오한 틀을 제공합니다. 이 글은 수천 년 된 관행에 뿌리를 둔 힌두교 환경 윤리와 모든 생 명의 통일성과 신성함을 강조하는 신지학의 가르침 사이의 생태-영적 시너지를 탐구 한다. 신지학자와 같은 선구적 작품에 대한 자세한 검토를 통해 이 글은 이러한 전통 이 지속 가능한 삶, 자연에 대한 경의, 환경 관리에 대한 영적 책임을 옹호하는 방식 을 밝힌다. 브릭샤 로팬(나무 심기)과 강 숭배와 같은 힌두교 관행은 자연과 지속 가 능한 농업에 대한 신지학 명상과 공명하여 공유 가치의 실제적 적용을 보여준다. 이 논문은 신학적 분석, 텍스트 해석 및 환경 윤리를 통합하는 학제간 방법론을 사용하여 이 영적 동맹의 변형적 잠재력을 탐구한다. 이 전체론적 접근 방식은 영적 지혜와 윤 리적 책임에 기반한 행동을 옹호하는 글로벌 환경 정책의 변화를 요구한다. 고대의 가 르침과 현대의 생태적 요구를 종합함으로써, 이 논문은 지구를 신성한 신탁으로 존중 하고 인간과 환경 사이의 조화를 촉진하는 지속 가능한 삶에 대한 설득력 있는 비전 을 제시한다.

The cost of treating water purification plant water treatment residuals is high, with a low recovery rate and unstable effluent water quality, particularly in plants using lake and reservoir water sources in severe cold regions. Maximizing water resource utilization requires integrating water treatment residuals concentration and treatment effectively. Here, ceramic membrane technology was employed to separate supernatant and substrate after pretreatment. Optimal settling was achieved using 75 μm magnetic powder at 200 and 4 mg/L of nonionic polyacrylamide co-injection. Approximately 65% of the separated supernatant was processed by 0.1–0.2 μm Al2O3 ceramic membranes, yielding a membrane flux of 50 L/m2h and a water recovery rate of 99.8%. This resulted in removal rates of 99.3% for turbidity, 98.2% for color, and 87.7% for color and permanganate index (chemical oxygen demand, COD). Furthermore, 35% of the separated substrate underwent treatment with 0.1–0.2 μm mixed ceramic membranes of Al2O3 and SiC, achieving a membrane flux of 40 L/m2h and a water recovery rate of 73.8%. The removal rates for turbidity, color, and COD were 99.9%, 99.9%, and 82%, respectively. Overall, this process enables comprehensive concentration and treatment integration, achieving a water recovery rate of 90.7% with safe and stable effluent water quality.

Crystalline heptazine carbon nitride (HCN) is an ideal photocatalyst for photocatalytic ammonia synthesis. However, the limited response to visible light has hindered its further development. As a noble metal, Au nanoparticles (NPs) can enhance the light absorption capability of photocatalysts by the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect. Therefore, a series of Au NPs-loaded crystalline carbon nitride materials (AH) were prepared for photocatalytic nitrogen fixation. The results showed that the AH displayed significantly improved light absorption and decreased recombination rate of photo-generated carriers owing to the introduction of Au NPs. The optimal 2AH (loaded with 2 wt% Au) sample demonstrated the best photocatalytic performance for ammonia production with a yield of 70.3 μmol g− 1 h− 1, which outperformed that of HCN. This can be attributed to the SPR effect of Au NPs and alkali metal of HCN structure. These findings provide a theoretical basis for studying noble metal-enhanced photocatalytic activity for nitrogen fixation and offer new insights into advances in efficient photocatalysts.

Complex structure constituting of several layers of heteroatom-doped N-CDs are used as a main sensing film along with aluminum electrodes in conductometric gas sensing system for sensitive and selective monitoring of CO2 and CO gases diluted with normal air, which are extensively prevalent in the atmosphere primarily due to the industrial revolution, locomotives, and numerous natural phenomena’s and the limit of detection (LOD) turned out to be 400 ppm and 30 ppm, respectively, with 20% relative humidity at 30 °C and pressure 1 (atm) which are good for healthy air quality checks. The sensor performance was satisfactory and bidirectional at ambient room temperature (30 °C) and pressure (1 atm) conditions but the relative humidity (50%) at 30 °C had a detrimental impact on the sensing responses, therefore intermittent heating at 80 °C for several minutes between the sensing responses was provided to the sensing chip or one should use gas filter membranes to block humidity, thereby maintaining its constant performance with great ease and accuracy. The cyclic voltammetry revealed well-defined oxidation and reduction peaks, with excellent stability and reversibility. In a nutshell, heteroatom-doped N-CDs’ nanocomposite material can revolutionize in a better environmental pollution monitoring by sensing gases in an extensively lesser response and recovery times.

Silicon carbide (β-SiC) was synthesized through an improved sol–gel method, then Ni/SiC catalysts were prepared using a hydrothermal method. The catalysts were characterized using TEM, H2- TPR, CO2- TPD and N2- TPD, etc. The results showed that the synthesized β-SiC had a large specific surface area, promoting the dispersion of Ni species and thus exposing more active sites. The interaction between Ni species and β-SiC contributed significantly to catalytic performance. Furthermore, the strong alkalinity of catalyst could adjust the bond energy of the active metal and N (M–N), which were conducive to desorption of the recombinant N2 from the metal surface, promoting to ammonia decomposition. Among the Ni/SiC catalysts, 30Ni/SiC-700 synthesized with the Ni loading of 30 wt% and calcination temperature of 700 °C, exhibited the optimal ammonia conversion rate of 93.4% at 600 °C under the space speed of 30,000 mL∙gcat −1∙h−1, and demonstrated a long-term stability, suggesting a very promising catalyst in ammonia decomposition.

Following the attack on Israel by Hamas militants on October 7, 2023, Israel declared war on the Gaza Strip. In the relentless and nonstop bombardment of the Gaza Strip, about 40,000 Palestinian civilians have lost their lives, the majority of whom were children and women. Additionally, more than 92,000 Palestinians have been injured and many more are still missing or under the rubble. The dire situation in the Gaza Strip requires a firm stand from the international community, as what is happening to the Palestinian people is nothing short of genocide. This paper discusses Israel’s attacks on the Gaza Strip and illustrates how these actions meet the criteria for war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide. It also discusses the case filed by South Africa against Israel in the International Court of Justice, alleging that Israel has violated the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide.

A substantial quantity of discarded tires has inflicted harm on the environment. Microwave pyrolysis of discarded tires emerges as an efficient and environmentally friendly method for their recycling. This research innovatively utilizes the characteristics of microwave rapid and selective heating to pyrolyze waste tires into porous graphene under the catalysis of KOH etching. Moreover, this study comprehensively investigates the dielectric characteristics and heating behavior of waste tires and different proportions of waste tire–KOH mixtures. It validates the preparation of graphene through KOH-catalyzed microwave pyrolysis of waste tires, tracking morphological and structural changes under varying temperature conditions. The results indicate that optimal dielectric performance of the material is achieved at an apparent density of 0.68 g/cm3 at room temperature. As the temperature increases, the dielectric constant gradually rises, particularly reaching a notable increase around 700 °C, and then stabilizes around 750 °C. Additionally, the study investigates the penetration depth and reflection loss of mixtures with different proportions, revealing the waste tire–KOH mass ratio of 1:2 demonstrates favorable dielectric properties. This research highlights the impressive microwave responsiveness of the waste tire–KOH mixture, Upon the addition of KOH, the mixed material exhibits an augmented dielectric constant and relative dielectric constant, supporting the viability of KOH-catalyzed microwave pyrolysis for producing porous graphene from waste tires. This method is expected to provide a new method for the valuable reuse of waste tires and a technology for large-scale, efficient and environmentally friendly production of graphene.

In this study, carbon coating was carried out by physical vapor deposition (PVD) on SiOx surfaces to investigate the effect of the deposited carbon layer on the performance of lithium-ion batteries as a function of the asphaltene content of petroleum residues. The petroleum residue was separated into asphaltene-free petroleum residue (ASF) and asphaltene-based petroleum residue (AS) containing 12.54% asphaltene by a solvent extraction method, and the components were analyzed. The deposited carbon coating layer became thinner, with the thickness decreasing from 15.4 to 8.1 nm, as the asphaltene content of the petroleum residue increased, and a highly crystalline layer was obtained. In particular, the SiOx electrode carbon-coated with AS exhibited excellent cycling performance with an initial efficiency of 85.5% and a capacity retention rate of 94.1% after 100 cycles at a current density of 1.0 C. This is because the carbon layer with enhanced crystallinity had sufficient thickness to alleviate the volume expansion of SiOx, resulting in stable SEI layer formation and enhanced structural stability. In addition, the SiOx electrode exhibited the lowest resistance with a low impedance of 23.35 Ω, attributed to the crystalline carbon layer that enhanced electrical conductivity and the mobility of Li ions. This study demonstrated that increasing the asphaltene content of petroleum residues is the simplest strategy for preparing SiOx@C anode materials with thin, crystalline carbon layers and excellent electrochemical performance with high efficiency and high rate performance.

In this study, we have determined mitochondrial genome of Matsucoccus thunbergianae isolated in Korea. The circular mitogenome of M. thunbergianae is 15,406 bp including 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and 22 transfer RNAs. AT ratio is 78.2%. Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian inference phylogenetic trees show that M. thunbergianae is clustered with M. matsumurae, and family Margarodidae is clustered with family Pseudococcidae with enough supportive values.