An experiment was conducted to find out among 9 trap settings the most appropriate site for trap placement in the Brinjal field based on Brinjal shoot and fruit borer trapping efficiency, shoot and fruit infestation, healthy and total fruit yield, and BCR. The efficiency of different trap setting positions varied significantly. Trapping efficiency observed the T1 ensured the minimum shoot and fruit infestation 10.02% and 20.95%, respectively, minimum infested fruit yield (4.75 ton/ha), maximum healthy and total fruit yield (26.72 and 31.47 ton/ha) and the maximum BCR (1.70), which was followed by T2 and T4. The minimum trapping efficiency of T9 treatment led the maximum shoot and fruit infestation 13.89 and 29.26%, respectively, maximum infested fruit yield (7.59 ton/ha), minimum healthy and total fruit yield (17.74 and 25.32 ton/ha) and the minimum BCR (1.00). A correlation between the number of BSFB adults trapped from the most efficient trap setting and the shoot and fruit infestation recorded and found a linear positive correlation between number of BSFB adults trapped and shoot infestation (r = 0.781) and fruit infestation (r = 0.810). The effect of pheromone trap positions observed in this study may be attributed to the easy accessibility of the lures and traps, when they are placed at the canopy.

The objective of this study was to characterize the main-effect QTLs, epistatic QTLs and QTL-by-environment interactions (QE), which are involved in the control of protein content. A population of 120 doubled haploid (DH) lines derived from a cross between 'Samgang' and 'Nagdong', was planted and determined for protein content over three years. Based on the population and a genetic linkage map of 172 markers, QTL analysis was conducted by WinQTLcart 2.5 and QTLMAPPER. Three main-effect QTLs affecting protein content of brown rice were detected from 2004 to 2006 on chromosomes 1 and 11. The qPC11.2 was repeatedly detected across two years. Seven pairs of epistatic loci were identified on eight chromosomes for protein content and collectively explained 39.15% of phenotype variation. These results suggest that epistatic effects might be an even more important component of the genetic basis for protein content and that the segregation of the DH lines for protein content could be largely explained by a few main-effect QTLs and many epistatic loci.

The goal of ecotourism is the conservation of nature, creating benefits for local residents, and providing high quality tourism for visitors. This study investigated: (1) visitors' satisfaction about festival activities and (2) the contribution of ecotourism to the region, specifically visitors' understanding of the local culture and visitors' consumption at this festival. The results of this study were as follows. First, spending time with family was the major reason of visiting this festival. The major visiting pattern of this festival was family, too. Developing family oriented experience programs were required. Second, visitors were quite satisfied with the programs of this festival. Visitors were the most satisfied the International Butterfly Room where visitors can see live butterflies. Third, visitors could understand the local culture in this festival and the county's development strategy is related to butterflies. Visitors could see butterflies even on blankets and pillows of motels, and designs at the bus terminal in Hampyeong county. Fourth, in terms of visitors' consumption at this festival, visitors spent more money on lodging, traffic, entrance fees. Finally, managerial implications for the festival staff were suggested.