With escalating economic growth during the last three decades, flower industry of China, especially cut flower is sharply developed. In this paper a brief review of the cut flower current situation of globe and current status of flower industry of China especially of cut flower in the world is presented. The acreage, yield, potential of cut flower in China along with distribution of major cut flower products and constraint of cut flower also was indicated in this paper was also presented.

A drug delivery system (DDS) was prepared with a temperature and pH-responsive hydrogel. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc)/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposites were prepared by radical polymerization for the temperature and pH-responsive hydrogels. MWCNTs were employed to improve both the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the PVA/PAAc/PNIPAAm/MWCNT nanocomposite hydrogels. Various amounts of MWCNTs (0, 0.5, 1 and 3 wt%) were added to the nanocomposite hydrogels. PVA/PAAc/PNIPAAm/MWCNT nanocomposite hydrogels were characterized with a scanning electron microscope. The mechanical properties were measured with a universal testing machine. Swelling and releasing properties of nanocomposite hydrogels were investigated at various temperatures and pHs. Temperature and pH-responsive release behavior was found to be dependent on the content of MWCNTs in nanocomposite hydrogels.

A chemical process involves polymerization within microspheres, whereas a physical process involves the dispersion of polymer in a nonsolvent. Nano-sized monodisperse microspheres are usually prepared by chemical processes such as water-based emulsions, seed suspension polymerization, nonaqueous dispersion polymerization, and precipitation polymerizations. Polymerization was performed in a four-necked, separate-type flask equipped with a stirrer, a condenser, a nitrogen inlet, and a rubber stopper for adding the initiator with a syringe. Nitrogen was bubbled through the mixture of reagents for 1 hr. before elevating the temperature. Functional silane (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (MPTMS) was used for the modification of silica nanoparticles and the self-assembled monolayers obtained were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), laser scattering system (LSS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis (EA), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In addition, polymer microspheres were polymerized by radical polymerization of γ-mercaptopropyl modified silica nanoparticles (MPSN) and acrylamide monomer via precipitation polymerization; then, their characteristics were investigated. From the elemental analysis results, it can be concluded that the conversion rate of acrylamide monomer was 93% and that polyacrylamide grafted to MPSN nanospheres via the radical precipitation polymerization with AAm in ethanol solvent. The microspheres were successfully polymerized by the 'graft from' method.

 ,  , The Indian wax scale, Ceroplastes ceriferus (Fabricius) is redescribed so that it can be distinguished from Ceroplastes pseudoceriferus Green, which it most nearly resembles and has been confused with in Korea. A dichotomous key, photographs, and DNA barcode information are also presented for identifying three Ceroplastes species from Korea.

The nasal cavity encounters various irritants during inha¬lation such as dust and pathogens. To detect and remove these irritants, it has been postulated that the nasal mucosa epithelium has a specialized sensing system. The oral cavity, on the other hand, is known to have bitter taste receptors (T2Rs) that can detect harmful substances to prevent ingestion. Recently, solitary chemosensory cells expressing T2R subtypes have been found in the respiratory epithelium of rodents. In addition, T2Rs have been identified in the human airway epithelia. However, it is not clear which T2Rs are expressed in the human nasal mucosa epithelium and whether they mediate the removal of foreign materials through increased cilia movement. In our current study, we show that human T2R receptors indeed function also in the nasal mucosa epithelium. Our RT-PCR data indicate that the T2R subtypes (T2R3, T2R4, T2R5, T2R10, T2R13, T2R14, T2R39, T2R43, T2R44, T2R 45, T2R46, T2R47, T2R48, T2R49, and T2R50) are expressed in human nasal mucosa. Furthermore, we have found that T2R receptor activators such as bitter chemicals augments the ciliary beating frequency. Our results thus demonstrate that T2Rs are likely to function in the cleanup of inhaled dust and pathogens by increasing ciliary movement. This would suggest that T2Rs are feasible molecular targets for the development of novel treatment strategies for nasal infection and inflammation.

Although ICT (Information and Communication Technology) has the potential to produce more successful teaching and learning of music, the diversity of learners might produce divergent results from the same initiative. This paper aims mainly to explore the different experiences of ICTintegrated learners of music. A qualitative case study with a survey, observations and interview methods was conducted in one Grade-7 music class in central Taiwan for four months to understand 28 students’ experiences and perceptions engaged with ICT in their weekly class music lessons. The findings indicate ICT could enrich the context of music curriculum and provide enormous possibilities for students to appreciate or create music by themselves. With the aid of ICT, what students need is not merely more ICT itself. Instead, it is more about the integrated provision of satisfied practicing time, appropriate computer software, and a praxial ICTintegrated pedagogy.

Although China and Vietnam are involved in both territorial and boundary disputes in the South China Sea, at present, managing the territorial dispute over the Spratly Islands is more significant than anything else. Analysis of the dispute based on international law, particularly on the ICJ case law, may help the two sides to manage their dispute in a new perspective and generate political willingness to negotiate the joint development area instead of the sovereignty over the islands. China’s policy that the joint development area around the disputed islands is negotiable is quite a positive signal for peace in the South China Sea and provides a practical basis for new negotiations between China and Vietnam.

A numerical simulation of plume from a stack into atmospheric cross flow is investigated using a two-dimension model. The simulation is based on the k~ε turbulence model and a finite volume method. In this paper, it mostly researches how the wind velocity affects the flue gas diffusion from an 80 m high stack. Wind velocity is one of the most important factors for flue gas diffusion. The plume shape size, the injection height, the NO pollutant distribution and the concentration at the near ground are presented with two kinds of wind velocities, 1 m/s and 5 m/s. It is found that large wind velocity is better for flue gas diffusion, it generates less downwash. Although the rise height is lower, the pollutant dilutes faster and more sufficient.

Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) and blood samples can be used as a practical source for detection of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. We compared EGFR mutation status of cell blocks, cell-free fluid of MPE, and plasma from patients with lung adenocarcinoma. We obtained paired samples of MPE and plasma from 14 pathologically-confirmed lung adenocarcinoma patients. Peptide nucleic acid (PNA)-mediated real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) clamping was performed for determination of EGFR mutation status. EGFR mutations were detected in five (35.7%) cell blocks of MPE, which showed results identical to those of the corresponding cell-free fluid, whereas mutations were detected in the plasma of only two (40.0%) of the five patients. Of seven patients treated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), EGFR mutations were detected in cell blocks, cell-free fluid of MPE, and plasma for only one of the four patients who responded to EGFR TKIs, while mutations were detected only in cell blocks of MPE and cell-free fluid of the three remaining patients. Our results suggest that detection of EGFR mutations in cell-free pleural fluid from lung adenocarcinoma patients using highly sensitive methods may be feasible, but that analysis of free plasma may lead to undetected mutations and misdiagnosis.

Mongolia is aiming at connect and expand global trade to third countries using Russia, China and East Asian ports. Also, trying to evolve infrastructure and super-frastructure in international maritime transportation. This paper presents maritime development trends in Mongolia and focuses on discussing the current situation of international maritime plan and points out some issues currently facing by the policy to develop promotion. Finally, this paper presents some future directions for developing the maritime transportation in Mongolia.

Genetic resources of buffalo, cattle, goat, sheep, deer, rabbit, pig, chicken, duck, goose, turkey and swan in Taiwan are conserved in living form or frozen genetic materials. Preserving farm animals in living form must conserve a considerable number of mature individuals with reproductive potential, and continued funding and breeding space are necessary. Based on the afore‐mentioned restraints and consideration of risk diversification, living animals are preserved in Taiwan Livestock Research Institute (TLRI) branches and breeding stock reproduction grounds throughout Taiwan. Genetic materials preserved in frozen form include germ cell (sperm, egg and embryo), tissue, somatic cell, cell line, DNA and gene pool. Those preserved for long term more than 10 years are conserved in liquid nitrogen storage tank at ‒185 to ‒196℃. Animal industry on utilization of farm animal genetics emphasizes the importance of in situ conservation and considers ex situ conservation as an essential complementary activity to in situ. In situ and ex situ utilization are complementary, not mutually exclusive. The exact strategy of germplasm cryobanking will clearly depend on the conservation objectives of TLRI. In situ and ex situ strategies differ in their capacity to achieve the different bio‐utilization objectives. Based on the objectives for bio‐utilization and conservation, the existing national technical capacity and infrastructure for cryoconservation, and amount of capital to invest in developing and maintaining a gene bank for food animal genetic resources (FAnGR), each country should determine for which FAnGR, if any, national cryobanking program should be undertaken. The health and sanitary issues of animals that must be considered when establishing and operating gene banks for animal genetic resources to help prevent the conservation of potentially dangerous pathogens along with the valuable genetic material in the ultra‐low temperature cell repository. Bio‐utilization of material stored in the bio‐bank must eventually be thawed and used to create new animals and therefore, national organization and annotation of the stored material is critical to ensure its proper utilization. Stock animals are the source of semen, embryo and oocytes are usually privately owned. This ownership may or may not change during the gene banking process, but the terms of agreements between bio‐banks and donors must be explicitly defined. Taiwan Animal Germplasm Center now conserves genetic resources of 77 livestock breeds and strains, including 19 native and 38 foreign species as well as 20 new breeds produced by inbreeding in poultry or breed‐crossing with the artificial insemination in livestock. Cryobanking of semen of native animals is for genetic diversity but also for risk management to long‐term global food security. Ex situ conservation program involving in vitro storage of germplasm cryobanking can contribute to ensure that it will be available to allow livestock keepers and animal breeders to confront future changes in animal production and economic environments.

Solar light pipes are effective ways of transmitting sun light into the rooms which are short of daylight and saving electrical lighting consumption in daylight. But solar light pipes can bring heat into the room at the same time. The temperature effect of side lighting solar light pipe and top lighting solar light pipes were tested in this paper. The length of side lighting solar light pipe was 2.6m with the diameter 0.36m. The length of top lighting solar light pipes were 1.3m with the diameter 0.36m.The temperature of air was tested by RH-LOG auto thermoscope. The temperature of the diffuser surface of top lighting solar light pipes was measured by NEC TH5104 Thermal Infrared Imager. The experimental results showed that solar light pipes can not only bring light into otherwise inaccessible or dimly lit places, but also improve the internal environment without generating excessive heat. So solar light pipes are appropriate methods for daylighting.

A novel experimental set-up allowing quantitative determination of the adsorption capacity of gas molecules on a surface under high-vacuum conditions is introduced. Using this system, the toluene adsorption capacities of various carbon nanostructures were determined. We found that for a give surface area, the adsorption capacities of toluene of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and nanodiamonds were higher than that of activated carbon, which is widely used as an adsorbent of volatile organic compounds. The adsorption of toluene was reversible at room temperature.

This paper introduces the basic classification of Ondol, the number and form of main entrance, distribution as a basis for classification. And it introduces the various practices and structural characteristics of Ondol. Details are introduced in various forms Ondol of the working principle. In the paper, it also did a more detailed exposition for some of the concepts right.

The genetic diversity of 16 Ganoderma strains was investigated by rDNA-ITS sequencing. Alignment analysis showed that whole length of internal transcribed spacer(ITS1+ITS2) was 500bp and with 139 variation sites (accounting for 23.3％, ITS1 was 66 and ITS2 was 73), 337 conserved sites (accounting for 72.2％), 59 informative sites (accounting for 9.88％), 86 conversion sites (G-A, C-T), 13 transversion site(C-G, T-A). The ratio of transition and transversion in ITS1 was higher than that in ITS2, and the variable sites of ITS2 were more than those of ITS1. The genetic distance among 16 Ganoderma strains is from 0 to 0.121. The genetic distance between G. lipsiense and F-1 was 0, and the genetic distance between Heizhi 02 and Huizhou, Jingda, G. capense was 0.121, 0.117 and 0.120, respectively. The 16 Ganoderma strains were classed into 4 groups. The biggest group is comprised of 12 strains, including Xinzhou, Huizhou, Jingda, 902, F-1, Xianzhi, Meiluo, Taishan, G. applanatum, 05, G. luteomarginatum. The G. atrum and G. sinense were clustered into one group. The G. capense and Zhongzhi was independent group, respectively. These results showed that there were some genetic difference among groups, and there was lower genetic diversity among strains in same groups.