Environmental problems emerged as common global problems awaiting solution. Active collaborative efforts are required of nations and communities in order to solve environmental problems effectively. International collaboration occurs much more commonly these days than before, and European Community(EC) mumber countries are no exceptions. EC has established and executed the five-year programs on Environmental Policy Implementation, which explicated basic principles for environmental policy development, since 1973. EC programs tend to emphasize that the direction of the policies should reflect a change from a remedial approach to a preventive approach. Those programs have brought an awareness of the importance of Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) to EC member countries. France installed an EIA system in 1976, which was the first among member countries. Several other member countries also established a system. EC decided that a common guideline was necessary, and therefore formulated the "European Community Guideline for Environmental Impact Assessment" in 1985. All member countries were required to legislate an EIA system within three years, according to the Guideline. This study will conduct a comparative analysis of the current EIA systems of different EC member countries. The findings of this study will provide helpful information on how to improve the efficacy of the Korean system.

When we conduct environmental impact assessment, main contents consist of summary, project outline, environmental conditions, environmental impacts due to the project, mitigation devices, and alternative measures of harmful impact on environment. In this paper, to understand how they really conduct air quality impact assessment and prediction and examine their effectiveness, we considered the provisions and actual case of environmental impact assessment in Korea with that in Japan. As a result, we propose a method of improving air quality impact assessment and prediction, such as reflection of the result in environmental impact assessment, detailed assessment focused on relatively important environmental impact elements, field measurement investigation over four season and seven sucessive days, the uniformity of units, the proper model development to predict environmental concentration and a biennial environmental impact assessment for ex post management.

At the close of the year 1990, tombs in south Korea will cover the area of 940 ㎢, which is 0.9% of the entire landspace. Annual increase of 200,000 tombs is encroaching on landspace by 10 ㎢. It is estimated that the decrease in the forest area caused by tombs results a decrease both in the production of O_2 by 912,000 tons and in the absorption of CO_2 by 1,254,800tons per year. As a result, there will be an increase in the amount of CO_2, which is one of the factors that cause the greenhouse effect.