Hartmann’s procedure is most often used if immediate anastomosis is not feasible and considered very high risk of anastomotic leakage. The reversal of Hartmann operation has a significant benefit in patient's quality of life, but there are disadvantages because it is procedure of a high degree of complexity. For reversal of Hartmann operation to be truly beneficial, morbidity rate should be reasonable. The aim of this study is therefore to review clinical outcomes of the conversion of Hartmann procedure and define the complication rate of reversal of Hartmann operation in a contemporary practice. Patients undergoing an elective reversal of Hartmann’s procedure at Chosun University Hospital between January 2011 and December 2016 were included in our analysis, and the medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Total 70 patients underwent Hartmann reversal during this period. There were 33 men (47.1%) and the mean age was 67.7±14.5. The most frequent indications for Hartmann’s procedure were complicated diverticulitis in 37 patients (52.9%). Major morbidity rate was 14.3 % (10 patients), anastomotic leakage rate of 4.3% and mortality rate was 2.9% (2 patients). The most common complication was wound infection (25.7%). Univariate analysis demonstrated that there were no statistically significant variables. This study demonstrates that patients who underwent reversal of their Hartmann’s operation did not have increased postoperative morbidity based on advanced age, higher ASA score, presence of multiple comorbidities, type of operation, and longer operation time.

폐 석탄광산에서 가장 큰 환경문제는 산성광산배수가 유출되어 주변 하천수의 pH를 낮추고 철/알루미늄 수산화물을 하천바닥에 침전시키며 주변 토양을 오염시키는 것이다. 삼봉광산에서 물시료와 침전물 시료는 갱구 입구에서 채취하였다. 채취한 갱내수의 pH 값의 범위는 겨울에 7.24-7.94이며, 여 름에 3.87-5.73이다. 전기전도도는 갱내수가 유입되는 하천에서 432-897 μS/cm이다. 갱내수의 Mg, Al, Ca, Mn의 최고 농도값은 각각 15.50, 4.56, 85.30, 12.76 mg/L이다. 적갈색의 침전물은 겨울에는 Munsell color 10R-5YR 정도로 주구성광물은 2-line 페리하이드라이트이며, 여름에는 2.5YR-5Y의 범 위로 주구성광물은 슈워트마나이트이다. 주사전자현미경 관찰 결과 침전물은 막대형 혹은 원통형이거 나, 0.1-0.5 μm의 구균형이나 구형을 나타내고 있다.

폐 석탄광산에서 가장 큰 환경문제는 산성광산배수가 유출되어 주변 하천수의 pH를 낮추고 철/알루미늄 수산화물을 하천바닥에 침전시키며 주변 토양을 오염시키는 것이다. 삼봉광산에서 물시료와 침전물 시료는 갱구 입구에서 채취하였다. 채취한 갱내수의 pH 값의 범위는 겨울에 7.24-7.94이며, 여 름에 3.87-5.73이다. 전기전도도는 갱내수가 유입되는 하천에서 432-897 μS/cm이다. 갱내수의 Mg, Al, Ca, Mn의 최고 농도값은 각각 15.50, 4.56, 85.30, 12.76 mg/L이다. 적갈색의 침전물은 겨울에는 Munsell color 10R-5YR 정도로 주구성광물은 2-line 페리하이드라이트이며, 여름에는 2.5YR-5Y의 범 위로 주구성광물은 슈워트마나이트이다. 주사전자현미경 관찰 결과 침전물은 막대형 혹은 원통형이거 나, 0.1-0.5 μm의 구균형이나 구형을 나타내고 있다.

국내 경상북도 포항 지역에서 채취한 6종의 천연 제올라이트를 X-선 회절, X-선 형광분석, 열 시차 분석, 열중량 분석 및 양이온교환능 분석을 통해 특성분석을 수행하였다. 이들 제올라이트의 주 성분은 구룡포A (Ku-A), 구룡포B (Ku-B), 구룡포C (Ku-C), 동해A (Dh-A), 동해B (Dh-B), 동해C (Dh-C) 모두 모데나이트, 알바이트 및 석영이 함유되어 있었다. 6종의 제올라이트는 Si, Al, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Fe을 함유하고 있었으며 구룡포C (Ku-C) 제올라이트의 양이온 교환능이 다른 지역의 제올라 이트 보다 높게 나타났다. 6종의 천연 제올라이트를 이용하여 Pb2+, Cd2+ 및 Cu2+ 등의 중금속 이온을 제거하는데 소요되는 반응 시간의 효과를 비교하였다. 6종의 천연 제올라이트 모두 Pb2+, Cd2+ 및 Cu2+ 제거율이 매우 낮게 나타났다. 이는 6종의 천연 제올라이트에 함유된 제올라이트의 함량이 매우 낮기 때문으로 판단된다. 본 연구 결과는 제올라이트 광석의 중금속 흡착능력은 제올라이트의 함량, 즉 광석의 품위에 크게 의존되는 경향을 보여주고 있다.

Hepatocytes and hepatic progenitors derived from human ES cells may be a useful source for clinical application. Therefore, identification and purification of these cell types would be following important issues. There are very few candidate surface markers that can be used to identify and purify hepatic progenitor cells. In addition, indocyanine-green can be uptaken by mature hepatocytes, but cannot be applied for fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) due to its long emission wavelength. In the present study, we tested EpCAM as a potential marker for magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) of hepatic progenitors and also modified indocyanine-green into fluorescent indomonocarbocyanine for FACS-mediated sorting of mature hepatocytes after differentiation of human ES cells. Hepatic progenitor cells were sorted by MACS after incubation with anti-human EpCAM antibodies. After the final differentiation, the differentiated cells and mouse primary hepatocytes (control group) were incubated with indomonocarbocyanine and were sorted by FACS. MACS and immunocytochemistry data showed that approximately 45% of differentiated cells were EpCAM-positive cells. EpCAM-positive cells expressed α-fetoprotein, FOXa2, HnF4a, and CK18. Differentiation efficiency into albumin-positive cells was significantly higher in EpCAM-positive cells, compared to EpCAM-negative cells. Importantly, indomonocarbocyanine successfully stained cells that expressed ALB. Furthermore, FACS analysis data showed that the purity of hepatocytes that expressed albumin was significantly increased after purification of indomonocarbocyanine-positive cells. Our data demonstrated that human ES cell-derived hepatic progenitors can be efficiently isolated by MACS using EpCAM antibody. In addition, we also showed that indomonocarbocyanine can be successfully used to identify and purify mature hepatocytes using FACS.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common, benign, and transient type of supraventricular arrhythmia encountered during the early postoperative period after a pulmonary resection. However, it sometimes might result in hemodynamic deterioration. We report on a case of new-onset atrial fibrillation in a 74-year-old male patient after right lower lobectomy, which was not controlled with intermittent bolus injection of esmolol and diltiazem. Successful pharmacological cardioversion was achieved with intravenous (6 mg/hr for 2 hours) followed by oral (90 mg q day) diltiazem 20 hours after this treatment. The literature on the risk factors and management of atrial fibrillation after pulmonary resection is reviewed.

Central venous catheterization can induce cardiac arrhythmias, such as, premature atrial or ventricular complexes, which are typically transient events. However, sometimes it initiates supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) with hemodynamic repercussions. We present a case of supraventricular tachycardia with cardiovascular collapse during central venous catheterization in a 32-year-old woman with an ovarian mass who required exploratory laparotomy. At first, the guide wire was withdrawn and carotid sinus massage attempted, but the patient did not return to sinus rhythm. Eventually, reversion to sinus rhythm was achieved after injecting adenosine.