Scheduling semi-conductor manufacturing process systems is a complicated and difficult job due to such characteristics as reentry into manufacturing processes, high uncertainty of processes, and products and technologies changing rapidly. They have carried out many studies to find the efficient ways for semi-conductor manufacturing systems with a view to accomplishing the goals of systems like saving cycling time and increasing production quantity per unit time. The production flow in the semi-conductor industry has the most unique characteristics and makes it difficult to plan production and to schedule semi-conductor manufacturing. Currently, the scheduling methods in semi-conductor assembly processes follow the dispatching rule by simple FCFS(first come first serve). And backlog is operated as a buffer based on daily production quantity. In this study, therefore, we will apply various dispatching rules by real time basis and verify the effect and result of exact scheduling through simulation, based on the assumption that competitive advantages in production come from efficient inventory control and exact scheduling.

The rapid growth of the food packaging field is powered by the ever growing health conscious consumers and demand for fresher and higher quality foods. Active packaging technologies provide solutions for extending products shelf life with specially altered packaging systems. Among the several shelf life enhancer systems, active packaging system for preventing oxidation is discussed in this paper. Oxidation is generally regarded as the main factor in the development of rancidity of fats and oils. The oxidative processes result in the food becoming unacceptable for consumers. Such oxidation is inhibited by exclusion of oxygen and by the presence of antioxidants. First of all, oxygen scavengers made up of substances which chemically or enzymically react with oxygen were developed to remove oxygen. The commercial oxygen scavengers such as “ageless sachet”, “platinum catalyst”, and “glucose/oxidase enzyme” have been greatly discussed in their action mechanisms and applications. The use of antioxidants in packaging manufacture has so far been limited to stabilizing the polymer during the processing or retarding the change of polymer's physical properties during storage when UV irradiated. However, a further benefit derived from incorporation of an antioxidant into the polymer is more interesting for its ability to retard lipid oxidation of the packaged food via slow migration of an antioxidant from the polymer to food. In view of which, in this paper we will review some oxygen scavenger systems as well as antioxidant-impregnated or antioxidant-coated polymer packaging material.

We investigate dynamical evolution of globular clusters with multi-mass component under the Galactic tidal field. We compare the results with our previous work which considered the cases of single-mass component m the globular clusters. We find the followings: 1) The general evolutions are similar to the cases of single-mass component. 2) There is no evidence for dependence on the orbital phase of the cluster as in the case of single-mass component. 3) The escape rate in multi-mass models is larger than that in the single-mass models. 4) The mass-function depends on radius more sensitively in anisotropic models than in isotropic models.

A velocity inhomogeneity, which is defined as a regional preponderence of either radial or tangential orbits, is searched with a new technique for the Coma cluster of galaxies. It is found within ~2h-1 Mpc from the cluster center that the Coma shows conspicuous inhomogeneities in velocity and that the inhomogeneities are real at a 99% level of confidence. Even in the central region (7' - 30' from the center), zones that are dominated by radial and tangential orbits are distinguishable. Defining the cluster's 'equator' as the direction defined by the Coma-A1367 supercluster, tangential orbits dominate the 'polar' zones in the central region. Galaxies that are located in 30'-100' also inhomogeneous in velocity in that the 'polar' zones are mostly radial while the rest is nearly homogeneous. These results indicate that the Coma galaxies are exceedingly more radial in orbit, implying that merging or infalls are either still going on or an earlier virialization is likely to have occurred preferentially near the 'equator'. Incorporating the velocity inhomogeneity into mass estimators, the most appropriate mass is turned out to be 0.4×1015h-1M⊙ (R ≤ 0.6h-1 Mpc),and 1.0\times10×15h-1 M⊙ (R≤ 2.1h-1Mpc). The corresponding mass to blue light ratio on the average is ~300h. These estimates are consistent with Merritt (1987) and Hughes (1989) and the MILE is seemed to favour the mass-follows-light models than the uniform spread of dark matter throughout the cluster.

A list of radio sources in the field of Abell 2256 is presented at 1420 MHz. Also presented is the source count based on the list. This source count is taken with the sources above 7σ level at 1420 MHz. The overall characteristics of the count is consistent with that of a field where no galaxy cluster presents. The excess of radio sources due to the cluster is examined in the source count but it turned out to be unnoticiable as expected.

배추좀나방과 담배거세미나방 유충에 대한 30종 한방 식물체 메탄올 조추출몰의 살충활성 및 섭식 저해활성을 잎침지법을 이용하여 5,000ppm으로 검정하였다. 황련의 추출물은배추좀나방에 대해 살충작용을 보였다. 길경, 사삼, 세신, 오배자 및 자초의 추출물은 배추좀나방 유충에 대해, 목통 및 속새의 추출물은 담배거세미나방 유충에 대한 강한 섭식저해활성을 보였으나, 오배자와 황련의 추출물은 이들 나비목 유충 모두에 강한 섭식저해활성을 나타내었다.

We present the calculation of X -ray spectra produced through Compton scattering of soft X-rays by hot electrons in the spherical shell geometry, using fully relativistic Monte Carlo simulation. With this model, we show that the power-law component, which has been observed in the low luminosity state of low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs), is explained physically. From a spectral. analysis, we find that spectral hardness is mainly due to the relative contribution of scattered component. In addition, we see that Wi en spectral features appear when the plasma is optically thick, especially in the high energy range, E≳100keV. We suggest that after a number of scattering the escape probability approaches an asymptotic form depending on the geometry of the scattering medium rather than on the initial photon spectrum.

h-version 유한요소에서 평활 곡선경계는 충분한 갯수의 직선정계에 의해 근사될 수 있다. 그러나， 일반적 으로 곡선정계가 충분하지 않은 갯수의 직선변을 갖는 다각형요소， 또는 곡선요소동에 의한 사상이 정확하지 않올 경우 해가 수렴되지 않을 뿐만아니라 특히， 곡 면에 수직방향의 웅력은 다른 방향의 응력요소에 비해 수 렴속도가 늦거 나 틀린 해를 보여 준다. 한편. p-verslOn 유한요소는 사용되는 요소의 크기가 클 뿐아니파 변형 되는 정도가 크므로 이러한 이산오차를 피하기 위해 초유한 보간기볍이 제안되이 정확한 사상을 하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 직선경계는 물론 곡선경계에 초유한 사상올 h -version과 p-verslOn에 적용하는 빙번과 이에 필 요한 초유한 보간자를 유도하여 세 문제의 예제 를 통해 그 적용성과 우월성을 보이고자 한다.

p- 收敬有限要素法은 補間~f!{의 ìxf!{ p를 증가시키는 동안 해석하려 는 領域의 分劃올 固定시키는 有限要素해 석 의 새 로 운 접 근 방볍이다 이 논분에서 는 混合寫像함수에 기 초 한 새로 운 p-~~ p皆層要素 뜰 이용한 젤 모 델 의 컴퓨터 i훌行에 초점 올 두었다. Pinch Test 문 제와 원 통 형 헬지붕문제 를 통해 제안 된 웰 모 델 의 剛體運動， round-off 오차， 그 리 고 收飯性둥 이 검토되 었다

1) 강력한 위조독소(Wilt toxin)인 Fusaric acid를 생성하는 것으로 알려진 참깨시들음병균(Fusarium oxysporum f. vasinfectum)의 배양여액이 참깨의 종자발아 및 발아후의 유식물의 생육에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 이 시험연구에 착수하였다. 2) Fusarium oxysporum f. vasinfectum의 5종의 계통의 배양여액은 모두 참깨종자의 발아를 억제하고 종자의 흑변, 괴사를 초래한다. 3) 공시균의 어떤 계통의 배양여액에 대한 참깨종자의 발아반응에 있어서의 품종간 차이는 없다. 4) 공시균의 5종의 계통의 배양여액이 참깨종자의 발아를 억제하는 독성에는 뚜렷한 차이가 있다. 5) 공시균의 5종의 계통의 배양여액을 첨가한 육묘상에서는 발아후의 참깨유식물의 뿌리나 줄기의 신장이 다 같이 억제되며 조직은 흑변, 괴사하게 된다. 그러나 배양여액을 첨가한 육묘상에서는 줄기의 신장생장 약간 촉진되는 경향이 있다. 6) 공시균의 배양여액을 내지 첨가한 Knop Solution에 본엽이 생기지 않은 참깨 유식물을 배양하면 참깨의 뿌리나 줄기의 신장생장이 억제되고 제2본엽이 전개할 때까지에 줄기나 잎자루나 연화, 흑변, 괴사하며 제1본엽에는 맥간에 염갈색반문이 형성되고 제2본엽은 권축, 흑변, 괴사하며 특히 제2본엽에 나타나는 병상은 포장에서 나타나는 참깨의 잎의 위조병징과 흡사하다. 7) 공시균의 5종의 계통간에 나타나는 배양여액의 독성의 차이는 공시균의 각계통자체의 기생에 의한 병원성의 차이와 일치하지 않는다