Almost 20 years or more than 10 years have passed, Since Korea has received community service order into the juvenile justice system in 1988 and into the adult justice system in 1995. In this paper, the community service order system and practices during last 20 years are analysed and new directions of community service order in Korea are pursued. Recently Korean ministry of justice have started the missions to expand the scope of community service order and to diversify it. In this paper, the missions of the ministry of justice are also evaluated. With these purpose the contents of this paper is as follows; I. Introduction II. The realities of community service oder in Korea 1. The provisions on community service order in the statutes 2. The practices of community service order 3. evaluation III. The community service order as an alternative to detention at a workhouse 1. The fine system and the detention at a workhouse 2. The realities of the detention at a workhouse and its' problems 3. The plan of the ministry of justice 4. evaluation of the plan IV. The community service order as a independent disposition 1. Suggestions 2. The draft of the revised Juvenile Act 2007 3. evaluation V. Diversifying the community service order as a criminal sanction 1. The possibility of coexistence of probation order and community service order 2. The community service order as a condition of a suspended sentence 3. The community service order as a condition of parole 4. The community service order as a condition of a suspended prosecution VI. Conclusion

The purpose of this article is to study the theory and practice of Korean pardon system, to analyse its problems and to suggest some ways of solving or preventing those problems. In this articles, the books, the articles and official statistics on the korean and such european countries as Germany, France, Italy and Greece are studied and compared each other. The contents of this article is as follows. The first chapter is an introduction. The second chapter is about the history of pardon and the korean pardon system. In the third chapter, the practice of general pardon and special pardon from 1948 to present in Korea and its problems studied. The fourth chapter is a comparative study on korean pardon system with some european countries such as Germany, France, Italy and Greece. In the fifth chapter, some ways of controlling and limiting the pardon power of the president are suggested. The sixth chapter is a conclusion.

In 2007, 511 criminal cases of the korean supreme court are registered on the homepage of that court. 4 cases are decided by the counsel of all judge members, one of which was on the crimial procedure and the others were on the criminal law. In this paper are reviewed several cases including two criminal cases by the supreme court counsel of all judge memberst and 1 case by the consititutional court. I. Cases by the counsel of all the judges of the supreme court. 1. Supreme Court 2007. 9. 28. 2007 Do 606. These cases are on the distinction of the completion from the attempt of the crime of threat 2. Supreme Court 2004. 4. 19. 2005 Do 7288. This case is on the amount of profit by property crimes. 3. Constitutional Court 2007. 11. 29. 2005 Heonga 10 This case is on the unconstitionality of the provision that punishes the employer because of the crime by the employee. II. Individual Cases In this paper, following cases are reviewed. 1. Supreme Court 2007. 8. 23. 2007 Do 4818. 2. Supreme Court 2007. 2. 8. Do 2006도7900 3. Supreme Court 2007. 12. 14. Do 2005도872 4. Supreme Court 2007. 2. 8. Do 2006도6196 5. Supreme Court 2007. 6. 29. Do 2005도3832 6. Supreme Court 2007. 1. 25. Do 2006도5979 7. Supreme Court 2007. 3. 15. Do 2006도9453 8. Supreme Court 2007. 5. 10. Do 2007도1375 9. Supreme Court 2007. 9. 20. Do 2007도5507 10. Supreme Court 2007. 3. 15. Do 2006도2704 11. Supreme Court 2007. 10. 12. Do 2005도7112 12. Supreme Court 2007. 3. 29. 2006 Do 9182