목적: 이 연구의 목적은 한국과 중국 수영 선수들의 사후가정사고와 스포츠 행복의 관계를 규명하고 비교하는 것이다. 방법: 연구의 참여자는 한국 97명, 중국 88명의 수영선수이며 이들을 대상으로 사후가정사고 설문지와 스포츠 행복 설문지를 배포하고 수집했다. 자료 분석을 위해 탐색적 요인분석을 실시했으며 기술 통계치를 산출했고 독립t-검증과 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결과: 첫째, 한국선수들이 중국선수들에 비해서 상대내적삭제형 사후가정사고를 더 많이 하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 한국선수들과 중국선수들간 자기내적첨가형 사후가정이나 자기외적첨가형 사후가정사고의 유의한 차이는 발생하지 않았다. 셋째, 중국 선수들이 한국 선수들에 비해서 사회복지, 훈련, 자기발달에서 더 높은 행복감을 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 양국 선수들 모두 사후가정 사고가 스포츠 행복의 하위요인인 대인관계에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 한국과 중국 수영 선수들의 사후가정사고와 스포츠 행복은 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 양국 선수들의 사후가정사고는 대인관계 행복에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결과를 바탕으로 논의를 했으며 스포츠 사후가정사고에 대한 체계적인 후속 연구를 제언했다.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between failure attribution and counterfactual thinking in Chinese elite swimming athletes. Methods: Participants were 88 Chinese elite swimming athletes who came from Shenyang, Dalian, and Beijing. They submitted responses to two questionnaires measuring counterfactual thinking and failure attribution respectively. We conducted the exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach α analysis to find out construct validity and reliability. Median split was used to divide counterfactual thinking into 3 categorical levels and the data was analyzed using ANOVA. Finally we conducted correlation and regression analysis. Results: Other-referent upward counterfactual thinking was significantly different according to the level of team work failure attribution and the sum of failure attribution. Non-referent downward counterfactual thinking was significantly different according to the level of psychological burden failure attribution. The sum of counterfactual thinking was significantly different according to the level of the sum of failure attribution. The subscale of counterfactual thinking and failure attribution was strongly correlated. Self-referent upward counterfactual thinking was influenced by psychological burden failure attribution. Other-referent upward counterfactual thinking was influenced by team work failure attribution. The sum of failure attribution influenced non-referent downward counterfactual thinking and the sum of counterfactual thinking. Conclusions: Based on these results, counterfactual thinking of Chinese elite swimming athletes was differentiated by the level of failure attribution. Counterfactual thinking and failure attribution were strongly correlated. Finally, counterfactual thinking of Chinese elite swimming athletes was influenced by failure attribution.

Purpose: of this study was to investigate the effects of emotional intelligence and perceived coaching on burnout for korean, chinese swimming athletes. Methods: emotional intelligence, perceived coaching behaviour, burnout questionnaire was asked 97 korean, 88 chinese swimming athletes. we conducted the exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach α Analysis to found out construct validity and reliability. independe t-test used for difference between korea and china. quartile split used for turning the continuous variable, emotional intelligence and perceived coaching behaviour, into a 3 categorical levels and the data were analyzed using ANOVA. finally we conducted regression analysis. Results: first, korean swimming athletes showed more higher burnout than chinese. but chinese swimming athletes showed more higher emotional intelligece and perceived coaching behavior than korean. second, burnout was significantly different according to the level of perceived coaching behavior. third, burnout was influenced by perceived coaching behavior. Conclusions: findings suggest that the difference of variables with their cultural backgrounds will contribute to the cross-cultural study. Finally we discussed cross cultural psychology on that results and proposed athletes’ burnout.