본 증례는 epidermal growth factor receptor 돌연변이 비소세포폐암 환자에서 lazertinib 치료 중 췌장 전이 병변에서 소세포암 전환이 발생한 드문 사례를 보고하였다. 소세포암 전환은 치료 저항성의 기전을 나타내며 이를 확인하기 위해 조직 생검이 중요하다. Tyrosine kinase inhibitor 치료 중 병변의 선택적 진행이 의심될 때는 조직학적 평가를 통해 전환 여부를 확인하고 이에 따른 치료 전략을 변경할 필요가 있다.

This study evaluated the management priority of small catchments in the Nam River basin, comprehensively considering the impact of non-point pollution sources for water quality improvement. Water quality data from the Water Environment Measurement Network and additional field survey data were collected to understand the water quality status at the small catchment level. The management priority was calculated by integrating data on pollution sources, land cover, and runoff using a weighted method. As a result, the E08-2 small catchment, located downstream of the Nam River, showed the highest priority, followed by A18, B09, E04, and A19. The main factor influencing the water quality improvement priority was the pollution source characteristics within the small catchment, especially the influence factor and land use condition. This study contributes to the efficient water quality management of the Nam River basin by identifying the priority by small catchment through analysis that simultaneously considers point and non-point pollution sources.

Unlike other facilities, maintaining processes is essential in industrial facilities. Pipe racks, which support pipes of various diameters, are important structures used in industrial facilities. Since the transport process of pipes directly affects the operation of industrial facilities, a fragility curve should be derived based on considering not only the pipe racks' structural safety but also the pipes' transport process. There are several studies where the fragility curves have been determined based on the structural behavior of pipe racks. However, few studies consider the damage criteria of pipes to ensure the transportation process, such as local buckling and tensile failure with surface defects. In this study, an analysis model of a typical straight pipe rack used in domestic industrial facilities is constructed, and incremental dynamic analysis using nonlinear response history analysis is performed to estimate the parameters of the fragility curve by the maximum likelihood estimation. In addition, the pipe rack's structural behavior and the pipe's damage criteria are considered the limit state for the fragility curve. The limit states considered in this paper to evaluate fragility curves are more reasonable to ensure the transportation process of the pipe systems.

본 연구에서는 양생물주기 및 보양을 하지 않은 구조체의 압축강도와 표준 양생 공시체의 압축강도를 비교 평가하였 다. 코어채취를 위해서 980x2090x200mm3 철근콘크리트 슬래브를 준비하였으며, 콘크리트 공시체 25개를 KS F 2405에 따라서 표준 양생, 20개를 구조체와 동일한 환경에서 대기중 양생을 하였다. 실험 결과, 28일 표준공시체 압축강도 대비 코어 채취 압 축강도는 약 4MPa 낮게, 대기중 양생 공시체의 압축강도는 약 7.6MPa 낮게 측정되었다. KCS에서는 양생기간의 온도가 낮을 경 우 온도보정강도를 제시하고 있으며, 실험결과로부터 제시된 값이 적정함을 확인하였다. 7일, 14일에 측정된 대기중 공시체의 압축강도는 코어채취 공시체의 압축강도와 유사하였지만, 28일 압축강도는 현저하게 차이가 나타났다. 초기 구조체의 초기 압축 강도 예측에 대기양생 공시체를 이용하는 것은 가능하지만, 28일 압축강도를 추측하는데 대기중 양생 공시체를 사용하는 것은 무리가 있다고 판단된다.

Ijidang(二止堂) is a private village school (seodang, 書堂) established in Okcheon, north Chungcheong province where Jungbong Jo, Heon(重峯趙憲, 1544-1592 AD) had trained for his sound mind and body(yusangcheo, 遊賞處). Jo, Heon was a notable Neo-Confucian scholar of the Kiho School and also a righteous general leading soldiers in Joseon Dynasty. According to Ijidanggi(二止堂記), Ijidang was constructed to honor Jo, Heon and to train local talents in 1647 with the support of Song, Si-yeol(宋時烈, 1607-1689 AD),a representative scholar belong to Kiho School and other local Confucian scholars. Ijidang currently consists of Main Body(本體) in the middle along with the East(Dong-lu 東樓) and the West Pavilions(Seo-lu 西樓) attached to each side. The Main Body and the Dong-lu firstly constructed were to give lectures and to rest within. Ijidang has undergone several changes in its form so far. The surrounding nearby Ijidang shows characteristics of the Confucian architecture for training(J eong-sa, 精舍) and the building itself was to be built in a scenic place apart from the secular world in which scholars stayed, cultivated their body and mind or taught disciples within. The lecture space of Ijidang is positioned next to the main hall(Dae-cheong 大廳) unlike other typical forms of a three-bay building(samganjije 三 間之制) at that period. West lu, a two-story building added afterwards in the early 18th century representing characteristics of the Gate Pavilion(Mullu, 門樓) of Neo-Confucian Academies(Seo-won, 書院) in Joseon Dynasty was typically located where the entrance and the ground floor of the main building are visible simultaneously.

This study is aimed to analyze fishermen’s perception and the economic feasibility of inland waters ranching project on the branches of Geum River. Analysis of fishermen’s perception on the branches of Geum River showed that fishermen had an affirmative response on the inland freshwater ranching project related issues such as fisheries resources enhancement, necessity of project, economic achievement as so on. The model of inland waters ranching project on the branches of Geum River is designed to fisheries resources enhancement, habitat compositiom, ecology tours, use and management of resources. The results of the economic feasibility of inland waters ranching project on the branches of Geum River were internal rate of return (IRR) was 18.43%, a benefit-cost ratio was shown to be 1.54, net present value (NPV) was 4,929 thousand won, which indicates the economic feasibility of inland waters ranching project.

작가의 작품은 직접적인 메시지 전달이나 간접적인 메시지 전달의 도구이다. 작품을 깊이 살 펴본다면 이들이 살았던 시대와 삶과 메시지를 알 수 있다. 특히 우리가 살지 않았던 과거의 작 품을 다시 조명하는 것은 이들이 살았던 시대와 삶이 투영된 메시지를 알 수 있게 한다. 그렇기 때문에 과거의 작품을 연구할 필요가 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 여성의 메시지 표현 방식을 분석하 기 위해 관련 영화를 선정하여 각 작품에 담긴 내적 의미를 분석하는 것이다. 연구 범위는 현대 에 와서 재조명된 여성 음악가 클라라 슈만(Clara Josephine Schumann, 1819~1896)과 소설가 버지니아 울프(Adeline Virginia Woolf, 1882~1941)의 삶과 작품을 중심으로 하였다. 이를 위해 이들의 삶과 작품이 영화화된 영화 『클라라 (Geliebte Clara, 2008)』, 『디 아워스 (The Hours, 2002)』를 중심으로 여성 주인공의 시각적 요소와 청각적 요소를 분석했다. 시각적 관점 은 등장인물의 심리를 청각적 관점은 영화음악을 분석했다. 분석을 통해 음악에 투영된 인물의 심리 상태와 문학에 투영된 인물의 심리 상태를 알 수 있었다. 분석한 결과 영화음악의 경우 등 장인물이 직접 연주하는 내재 음악으로 하여 멜로디를 연주함으로써 감정 표현을 하고 있으며, 내러티브의 경우 시대가 다른 인물을 배치한 후 공통되는 소설을 통해 감정을 표현했다. 특히 음악은 심리를 표현하기 위해 대사를 대신하여 음악이 사용되었다. 영화에 사용된 음악과 소설 은 타인에게 감정이 전달되고 그 전달된 감정이 영화의 내러티브를 전개했다.

Known for its effectiveness in weight loss and diabetes prevention, Gymnema sylvestre products can be found in the US, Japanese, and Indian markets. However, the recommended dosage or safety of these products has not yet been proven. Therefore, development of an analytical method for detecting the content of Gymnema sylvestre in food products is required. Accordingly, this study proposes an analysis method that can examine Gymnema sylvestre in food using LC-ESI-MS/MS and KASP (Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR) markers. In LC-ESI-MS/MS, a simultaneous analysis method for gymnemic acid and deacylgymnemic acid was optimized using negative ionization mode, and its validation test was completed for solid and liquid samples. In addition, KASP markers were prepared by finding the specific SNP of G. sylvestre in ITS2 and matK through DNA barcodes. The two KASP markers returned positive FAM fluorescence result when combined with G. sylvestre, and this aspect was confirmed in raw G. sylvestre as well. The applicability of the method was tested on 21 different food and healthy functional products containing G. sylvestre purchased on the internet. As a result, although there was a difference in the ratios of gymnemic acid and deacylgymnemic acid in LC-ESI-MS/MS, the index component was detected in all 21 products samples. In the KASP analysis, 9 products returned positive FAM result, and the rest of the products were found to be containing G. sylvestre extract. This study is the first study to use the dual system of LC-ESI-MS/MS and KASP for the analysis of G. sylvestre. The study has confirmed that these two methods are applicable to the examine G. sylvestre content in food products.