Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the illness experience of patients with short bowel syndrome. Methods: Six patients with short bowel syndrome were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Korea. Semi-structured and face-to-face interviews were conducted with the participants between April, 2018 and October, 2018. The transcribed data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Three themes and nine sub-themes emerged as follows. The first theme is ‘suffering from bad symptoms caused by short bowel,’ including 1) difficult to suppress uncontrolled appetite, 2) fear of having abdominal pain at all time, and 3) having multiple diarrhea with non-digested food as sub-themes. The second theme is ‘enduring negative consequences of the prolonged disease,’ including 1) must adopt a skinny body to the bone, 2) have to be dependent on TPN, and 3) Suffer from complications such as infection and dehydration. The last theme was ‘having difficulties of living with hopelessness,’ including 1) being lack of information about the disease, 2) being hopeless of the fact that it is incurable, and 3) being nervous on endless medical bills to pay. Conclusion: Patients with short bowel syndrome are more likely to suffer from various physical, psychological, social, and financial problems. Based on the results of the study, health professionals could develop effective management guidelines. In addition, vigorous efforts such as multidisciplinary team approach including physicians, nurses, pharmacists and clinical dietitians are demanded to improve nutritional status and quality of life of the given population.

Purpose: The objective of this study was conducted to investigate the effects of rutin, buckwheat components on cell growth and anti-inflammation in adipocyte 3T3-L1 and human colon cancer cell SW-480. Methods: We cultured 3T3-L1 adipocyte and SW-480 colon cancer cell to confluence, at which time starvation was induced with SFM for 1 day. Cells were then cultured in medium containing 0, 25, 50, or 100 μmol/mL of rutin 3T3-L1 or 0, 10, 20, or 40 μmol/mL SW-480. Cell viability was measured using a cell viability kit. In addition, we examined the expression of mRNA related to inflammation. RT-PCR was used to quantity tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA levels. Results: Rutin significantly inhibited 3T3-L1 and SW-480 cell proliferation in a dose and time dependent manner. Rutin also significantly reduced the mRNA expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α at the highest dose. In addition, rutin treatment caused a significant reduction in COX-2 and iNOS mRNA levels compared to the control group. Conclusion: Overall, our results suggest that rutin has the potential to reduce inflammation, and that these effects are greater during tissue-damaging inflammatory conditions.

Purpose: This study examined the effects of α-lipoic acid in diluted solvents on cell growth in 3T3-L1 cells according to the treated concentration and times. Methods: Adipocyte 3T3-L1 cell were cultured. Confluent cells underwent starvation with SFM for 1 day and then were cultured in a medium containing various concentrations 0, 100, 200, and 400 μmol/L of α-lipoic acid. The cell viability was measured using the EZ Cytox assay kit. In addition, the effect of α-lipoic acid of diluted solvents on the cell growth in 3T3-L1cells was examined according to the treated concentration and times. Results: The α- lipoic acid diluted ethanol inhibited cell proliferation in a dose and time dependent manner. The α-lipoic acid diluted ethanol induced adipocyte 3T3-L1 cells proliferation with an adipocyte inducer. In addition, α-lipoic acid inhibited adipocyte 3T3- L1 growth in a dose and time dependent manner (p<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that a treatment with α-lipoic acid diluted ethanol inhibits cell growth of, adipocyte 3T3-L1 cells induced with an adipocyte inducer, (200 μmol/L of α- lipoic acid) treated for 48 hr.

This study intended to identify the relationship between textile print designs for local apparel, and fashion trends. This was achieved by extracting trend key words and analyzing apparel textiles. The fashion trends and print trends from the 2010S/S season to the 2013F/W season as projected by two trend forecasters, the Samsung Fashion Institute and First View Korea, were extracted for a comparative analysis. In terms of clothing patterns, a total of 1,582 print designs purchased by local apparel brands targeting women in their 20s and 30s from print design companies including Italy's NEWAGE, MyDesign and England's Pattern, were analyzed. After classifying the designs according to the trend key words which had been extracted, the demands by season, trend dependency, and design preferences were analyzed to produce the following results. The major key words for textile print designs from the 2010S/S season to the 2013F/W season were Check & Stripe, Flower, Geometric, Natural, Ethnic, and Graphical. Patterns corresponding to those design key words were more prominent in recent designs. Considering the trends by season, the designs presented in the F/W season were found to be more likely to correspond to the trend key words than those in the S/S season. A general preference for nature-inspired designs was also found in the local print market.

본 연구의 목적은 유아교육기관의 스마트 앱을 활용한 알림장에 대한 인식 및 실태를 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구대상은 Y시에 위치한 유아교육기관의 교사 200명과 부모 239명이다. 자료수집 및 분석은 기술통계를 이용하여 문항별로 빈도, 백분율, 평균, 표준편차를 산출하였으며, 교사와 부모 간의 차이를 살펴보기 위하여 𝑥²검증을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 교사와 부모 모두 스마트 앱을 활용한 알림장에 대한 필요성을 높게 인식하고 있었으며, 이유로는 유아에 대한 빠른 정보 교류 및 상담이 가장 높게 나타났다. 스마트 앱을 활용한 알림장의 사용경험여부는 교사와 부모 모두 높았으나 횟수에서 차이를 보였다. 스마트 앱을 활용한 알림장에서 실질적으로 많이 사용하는 내용은 유아의 활동사진 게시가 가장 높았고, 스마트 앱을 활용한 의사소통에서 가장 중요한 효과는 영유아 정보교류 및 상담이었으며 교사와 부모 간 차이를 보였다. 스마트 앱을 활용한 알림장의 불편한 점, 개선사항에 대한 인식에서는 교사와 부모간 차이를 보였다. 결론적으로 본 연구를 통해 스마트 앱을 활용한 알림장의 필요성에 대하여 알 수 있었고, 스마트 앱 알림장의 효율적인 사용을 위하여 장단점을 충분히 파악하여 스마트 앱 알림장이 효율적인 의사소통의 도구로서 더욱 발전되어야 함을 시사해 주었다.