기후변화로 인해 대기 중 온실가스가 빠르게 증가하면서 전 세계적으로 극한 기상 현상이 급증하고 있다. 해양 기후기술은 기 후변화 관찰, 온실가스 감축, 흡수 및 저장, 해양 분야에서의 기후 관련 피해 방지를 목표로 함으로써 환경 문제를 극복하고 기후변화를 해결하는 유망한 대안으로 여겨진다. 본 연구는 해양 기후기술에 대한 분류체계를 수립하고 연구 동향을 파악하며, 한국, 미국, 중국, 일 본, 유럽연합(EU) 등 주요국의 기술 수준을 분석하여 기술 개발 전략을 위한 정보를 제공하는 것을 목표로 하였다. 본 연구에서는 해양 기후기술의 온실가스 감축 및 흡수 분야를 중심으로 주요국의 관련 연구 논문 데이터를 수집하여 2013~2022년의 연구 활동과 영향력을 분석 및 비교하였다. 또한, 본 연구는 델파이 기법을 활용하여 주요국의 현재 기술 현황에 대한 정량적 및 정성적 분석 결과를 제시하였 다. 2단계에 걸쳐 수행된 설문 결과는 기술 수준, 기술격차, 기술 발전단계 등의 중요한 측면을 포함하였다. 결과에 따른 우리나라의 기술 격차 주요 요인은 기초 연구 지원 및 연구 개발 자금 부족, 정부 정책 미비 등인 것으로 조사되었다. 우리나라의 해양 기후기술 발전을 위해서는 기초 연구 지원 확대, 연구개발 자금 증대, 그리고 체계적인 정부 정책 마련이 필요할 것으로 시사된다.

Recently, as the global problem of marine debris and marine plastics is getting serious, various ways to solve them have been proposed, and the use of the biodegradable fishing gear is proposed as an alternative. Currently, 13 types of biodegradable fishing gears are available, but their penetration rate is only 8.7%. However, the need for the use of the biodegradable fishing gear is growing as awareness of protecting marine ecosystems is growing. Therefore, in this study, the economic effects of the expansion of biodegradable fishing gear distribution in Korea's coastal areas were analyzed through the conservation of marine ecosystems, augmentation of fisheries resources, and augmentation of fishing efficiency. According to the analysis, the economic effects of 52,795 million won, 105,590 million won, and 158,385 million won was generated as the distribution of biodegradable fishing gear were expanded to 10%, 20% and 30% across all gill net and trap.

Global issues, such as resource depletion, reduction of greenhouse emissions, etc., have been raised. Environmental issues regarding resources and energy are addressed by various industries that provide products and services. However, industries related to the environment have been separated and controlled. Industries related to the environment exist internationally. The Initiative of the environmental industry is the same as the final objective for protecting the environment, but it is different according to the subcategories or indicators of the industry. In this study, the economic effects of the uni-materialization-related industry on Korea by using the inter-industry related to the pollution prevention were analyzed in accordance with using I-O methodology, reflected by a sector of I-O. This study analyzed the unimaterialization industry being specified as exogenous in order to identify the economic effects of the industry on other industries, using the 2014 I-O table data. The economic effects include production, value-adding and employmentinducing, supply-shortage, price-pervasive, and analysis of inter-industrial linkage. The results of the analysis concluded that primary metal products are highest in the production-inducing effect, whereas wholesale and retail trade is the highest in value-added inducing and employment-inducing effects. Construction is the highest in the supply-shortage effects, and other precision instruments are the highest in price-pervasive effects. Based on these results, although the unimaterialization- related industry plays a large role in intermediary products, it is necessary to promote investment in materials and components industries to increase the technological competitiveness of the uni-materialization-related industry that are still highly dependent on imports. Also this study has a limitation that draws economic effects of the industry related to exact resource circulation because of no systematic categories of environmental industries.