Electrochromic devices (ECDs) have been drawing great attention due to their high color contrast, low power consumption, and memory effect, and can be used in smart windows, automatic dimming mirrors, and information display devices. As with other electronic devices such as LEDs (light emitting diodes), solar cells, and transistors, the mechanical flexibility of ECDs is one of the most important issue for their potential applications. In this paper, we report on flexible ECDs (f-ECDs) fabricated using an all-in-one EC gel, which is a mixture of electrolyte and EC material. The f-ECDs are compared with rigid ECDs (r-ECDs) on ITO glass substrate in terms of color contrast, coloration efficiency, and switching speed. It is confirmed that the f-ECDs embedding all-in-one gel show strong blue absorption and have competitive EC performance. Repetitive bending tests show a degradation of electrochromic performance, which must be improved using an optimized device fabrication process.

1995년 경남지역에서 양액재배 원수로 사용되고 있는 77개 농가의 지하수 중의 무기성분 농도를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 지하수의 깊이는 10~500m, pH는 6.2~8.4, EC는 0.11~1.44dS/m이었다. 1 liter당 무기성분의 평균함량은 N H4-N 0.3mg, N O3-N 3.1mg, P O43- 0.5mg, Ca2＋ 25.4mg, Mg2＋ 11.5mg, Na＋ 21.7mg, C l- 42.6mg, S O42- 72.5mg였다. 지하수의 pH와 Mg2＋(0.34** ), Ca2＋(0.33** ) 및 EC(0.29** ) 사이에 유의적인 정(＋)의 상관을 보였다. 또한 EC와 Na＋(0.68** ), Ca2＋(0.67** ), S O42-(0.62** ), Mg2＋(0.60** ), N H4-N(0.36** ), C l-(0.53** ) 및 K＋(0.26** ) 간에도 유의적인 정(＋)의 상관을 보였다..