Global fitting functions for Fe-selective chlorination in ilmenite(FeTiO2) and successive chlorination of beneficiated TiO2 are proposed and validated based on a comparison with experimental data collected from the literature. The Fe-selective chlorination reaction is expressed by the unreacted shrinking core model, which covers the diffusion-controlling step of chlorinated Fe gas that escapes through porous materials of beneficiated TiO2 formed by Fe-selective chlorination, and the chemical reaction-controlling step of the surface reaction of unreacted solid ilmenite. The fitting function is applied for both chemical controlling steps of the unreacted shrinking core model. The validation shows that our fitting function is quite effective to fit with experimental data by minimum and maximum values of determination coefficients of R2 as low as 0.9698 and 0.9988, respectively, for operating parameters such as temperature, Cl2 pressure, carbon ratio and particle size that change comprehensively. The global fitting functions proposed in this study are expressed simply as exponential functions of chlorination rate(X) vs. time(t), and each of them are validated by a single equation for various reaction conditions. There is therefore a certain practical merit for the optimal process design and performance analysis for field engineers of chlorination reactions of ilmenite and TiO2.

본 연구는 딸기에서 발생하는 흰가루병 방제에 사용되는 살균제의 잔류시험을 수행하고 회귀방정 식 및 생물학적 반감기를 산출하여 한국과 일본, Codex의 잔류허용기준에 근거한 농약의 사용 및 안전한 농산물 생산에 기여하고자 수행되었다. 딸기재배 중 흰가루병 방제용 주요 살균제 boscalid, kresoxim-methyl, pyraclostrobin, pyrimethanil을 각 농약의 안전사용기준에 따라 기준량 1회 살포 후 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13일에 딸기 시료를 채취하여 QuEChERS법을 이용하여 추출하고, NH2 SPE 카 트리지로 정제하여 HPLC/DAD로 분석하였다. 시험농약의 검출한계 및 정량한계는 4성분의 농약에서 모두 0.01과 0.03mg/kg이었으며, 평균회수율은 92.9~99.2%, 상대표준편차는≤5%로 산출되었다. 딸기 중 boscalid, kresoxim-methyl, pyraclostrobin, pyrimethanil의 생물학적 반감기는 기준량처리 시 각각 6.2, 4.0, 6.1, 6.6일로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로, 시설재배지 딸기 흰가루병 방제를 위해 사용되는 살균제의 안전 사용을 통해 국내 및 주요 수출국가의 MRL을 초과하지 않는 안전한 딸기를 생산하는데 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

This paper presents the results of test observations toward a point source, 4C39.25, for observation modes with various bandwidths and numbers of IF streams in order to examine a reliability of the Daejeon hardware correlator performance for correlating VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry) data obtained with the several observation modes of the KVN (Korean VLBI Network). We used a DiFX software correlator (DiFX) as a reference, for investigating the output visibilities from the Daejeon corelator. It is found that the band shapes of the output visibilities from two correlators are similar to each other and the correlated flux density for each baseline obtained from the Daejeon hardware correlator is lower by 3 - 7% than that from the DiFX. The flux difference is attributed to the limitation of FPGA resources and the difference of fringe rotation algorithm of the Daejeon hardware correlator. The conversion factor, 0.93 ~ 0.97, is proposed for future correlation with the Daejeon hardware correlator.

This paper describes the development of algorithm for direct data transmission between Raw VLBI Data Buffer (RVDB) and Huge Capacity Data Server (HCDS) operated in Korea-Japan Correlation Center (KJCC). The transmitted data is the VLBI observation data, which is recorded at each radio telescope site, and the data transmitting rate is varying from 1 Gbps, in usual case, upto 8 Gbps. The developed algorithm for data transmission enables the direct data transmission between RVDB and HCDS through 10 Gbps optical network using VLBI Data Interchange Format (VDIF). Proposed method adopts the conventional UDP/IP protocol, but in order to prevent the loss of data during data transmission, the packet error monitoring and data re-transmission functions are newly designed. The VDIF specification and VDIFCP (VDIF Control Protocol) are used for the direct data transmission between RVDB and HCDS. To validate the developed algorithm for data transmission, we conducted the data transmission from RVDB to HCDS, and compared to the transmitted data with the original data bit by bit. We confirmed that the transmitted data is identical to the original data without any loss and it has been recovered well even if there were some packet losses.

In this paper, we propose a new re-quantization method after FFT processing to prevent the distortion of correlation result of VCS (VLBI Correlation Subsystem). The re-quantization is used to rearrange the data bit so as to reduce the data rate processed as 16-bit of FFT result of VCS. Having done this procedure, we found that the distorted spectrum of correlation result occurred in the delay tracking experiments by the re-quantization method introduced for initial design of VCS. In order to solve this, two kinds of re-quantization method, that is, the comparison and selection-type, are proposed. The first is to re-quantize the FFT result as a valid-bit by comparing with the input data after determining the adequate threshold. The second is manually to select the valid-bit of FFT result after finding the valid-field of data according to the bit-distribution of input data. We confirmed that the second is more effective compared with the first through the experimental result, and it will be implemented without so much modification of applied method in the condition of the limited resource of FPGA. The re-quantization is, however, carried out with 4-bit in the proposed second method for FFT result, and then the distortion of correlation result is also appeared. To fix this problem, the bit for re-quantization is extended to 8-bit. The proposed 8-bit selection-type is effectively verified so that the distortion of correlation result disappeared by applying to VCS in consequence of the simulation and correlation experiments.

본 연구는 하상재료의 종류와 유속에 따른 세굴변화에 대한 연구를 진행하였고, 유속, 구성방법 및 재료와 세굴에 대한 상관관계를 정의하여 호안 및 제방의 운용성을 검토하고자 실험을 통한 연구를 진행하였다. 본 연구의 실험에 사용된 재료는 제방에 사용되고 있는 재료로 모래, 황토를 이용 하였다. 실험실규모 고속수로에서 다양한 계측장비들을 이용하여 유속의 변화에 따른 재료의 세굴을 측정하였다. 이를 통해 세굴 전·후의 재료변 화를 수치적으로 분석하였다. 고유속흐름에서 하상재료에 따라 세굴의 정도를 비교·평가하여 안정성에 대한 연구도 진행하였다. 실험 결과 모래의 경우 응집력이 매우 약하여 1.0 m/s 이하에서도 40% 이상의 재료가 유실이 되고 황토의 경우 모래보다 유속이 빠른 2 m/s 이상에서도 6% 이하 의 재료가 유실이 되었다. 재료가 유실된 이유중 하나는 강한 응집력으로 건조균열이 발생하여 세굴에 취약한 결과를 보였다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 건조균열의 발생부터 재료가 유실되는 현상을 제거하는 방법부터 재료에 대한 구성과 유실정도를 평가 하였다.