In the event of an contingency situation of physical protection in nuclear facilities, the first organization to deal with at the forefront is the Special Response Forces (SRF). Since the SRF has to perform nuclear facility protection at the actual battle site, they must repeatedly train tactical understanding such as shooting, entry, and suppression so that their body can remember it even in real contingency situations (called Muscle Memory). In reality, however, repeated training using firearms is very difficult due to high risk and high cost, except for some military and police organizations. Using the advantages of VR technology, the Korea Institute of Nuclear nonproliferation and control (KINAC) has developed educational contents of “VR Shooting Training Center (VR STC)” to enable low-risk, low-cost, and repeated shooting training for these high-risk, high-cost training. This content was developed by dividing it into an “indoor” and “outdoor” training field. Educational firearms are all developed as gas guns to add to the sense of reality, and trainees can choose firearms, distance movement of targets and other options. The “Indoor training field” was developed by imitating an actual indoor shooting field, in particular the “outdoor training field” was developed using VR technology and motion tracking technology. Therefore, in “outdoor training field”, trainees can move freely within the designated spot of not only in VR content but also reality and then have to perform some missions. Trainees have to overcome random obstacles as they move to a designated destination, and at the destination, they are attacked by terrorists. Therefore, trainees must complete missions by concealing their bodies using objects around them. The one training course includes a total of 10 missions, and after the training is completed, comprehensive training results such as shooting accuracy and mission completion are expressed. VR STC will be a representative example of making high-risk, high-cost training into low-risk, low-cost, and repeated training. In this respect, VR technology can be used to develop various radiation protection curriculums accompanied by high risk and high cost, and can improve educational effects.

The present study was designed to determine the effect of barn or cycle of grazing on changes of biochemical metabolites in prepartum and changes of milk composition in postpartum of dairy cows. For this purpose, a total of sixteen 25 months old Holstein primiparous dairy cows were allocated in two groups (n=8) with an average body weight of 571.61 ± 35.30 kg (Barn) and 578.10 ± 39.20 kg (Grazing). The study was conducted from June 2018 to October 2018. Results revealed that barn raised dairy cows had a higher increase in their serum albumin and calcium level on day 14 prepartum. However, the level of palmitic acid, saturated fatty acid increased significantly, and the level of fat, oleic acid, γ-linoleic acid, arachidonic acid and unsaturated fatty acids decreased significantly in barn raised dairy cow’s milk on day 14 postpartum. There were no significant differences observed with respect to all other biochemical metabolites, fatty acids and minerals between barn raised and cycle grazing dairy cows during prepartum and postpartum. Our study results could serve to a better understanding of barn raised cow with respect to changes of biochemical metabolites in prepartum and changes of milk composition, fatty acids and minerals content in grazing dairy cows in postpartum for estimating their physiological status.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to polymerize high wettability contact lenses using pyrrolidone group. Methods: Amino substituted methacrylate, MMA (Methyl methacrylate), MAA (Methacrylic acid) and HPMA (Hydroxypropyl methacrylate) were polymerized in proportions and pyrrolidone group was added for surface modification. Results: As a result, the contact angle was measured in the range of 48.72 ~ 65.32°, and the contact angle decreased as the amount of pyrrolidone group was increased. Conclusions: Pyrrolidone group could be used as a material for improving the wettability of contact lens surface.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Carboxylated SWNT (Carbon nanotube, single-walled) on the physical properties of contact lenses. Methods: One of the samples that were used in the experiment contained HEMA, MMA, NVP, and EGDMA as the basic combination, and was referred to as the reference sample. The samples consisting of 0.09% carboxylated SWNT added to the reference sample were referred to as the Ref.Cn samples. The physical characteristics of contact lens were evaluated by measuring water content, refractive index and tensile strength. Results: The water content of the prepared contact lens was measured as 38.54 ~ 39.94%, and the refractive index was measured as 1.4328 ~ 1.4330. The tensile strength of contact lenses with carboxylated SWNT were measured at 0.3177 to 0.3333 kfg. Conclusions: Carboxylated SWNT showed no significant change in water content and refractive index but showed a significant increase in tensile strength.

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of DPDMS on the oxygen permeability of contact lenses. Methods: The functional silicone monomers MPDMS [poly (dimethylsiloxane) methacrylate modified] were used and the hydrophilic monomers amino substituted methacrylate and HEMA (2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate) were polymerized in proportions. Results: Oxgen transmissibility was measured in the range of 8.158 to 20.389 x 10-9 (cm/sec)( mlO2/ml x mmHg), and the oxygen permeability was measured in the range of 37.511 to 75.691 x 10-11(cm2/sec)(mlO2/ml x mmHg). As the addition ratio of MPDMS increased, the oxygen permeability increased. Conclusions: MPDMS is considered to be useful as a highly oxygen permeable contact lens material.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of modified vertical roll sling and conventional Bobath roll sling in reducing hemiplegic shoulder subluxation. Radiography of anterior oblique radiographic view' were taken, before and immediately after wearing each sling in 13 hemiplegic patients. The vertical distance. horizontal distance. and joint distance were measured. Analysis of radiographically measured distances showed that both modified vertical roll sling and Bobath roll sling decreased vertical, horizontal. and joint distances. Reduction in vertical and joint distances were significantly greater in modified vertical roll sling compared to Bobath roll sling. while horizontal distance showed no significant difference between the two slings. Therefore it can be concluded that modified vertical roll sling is an effective orthosis in reducing hemiplegic shoulder subluxation.

Nowadays, Internet-based businesses is activated in various organizations. In most of distribution and manufacturing companies, the main current of internet businesses is on-line sales (B2C: Business-to-Customer) centering around internet shopping. Most of theses businesses applied contents-centered and customer-oriented methodology for implementing internet business system(IBS). Also, recently, Introduction of Internet-based VAN(Value Added Network) systems and e-Procurement systems of purchase fields between parent companies and suppliers are proliferated for an efficiency of business and a reduction of transaction cost. These systems used methods of re-constructing the existing legacy systems into Internet-based systems. This paper proposes a customer-oriented and process-based methodology that simultaneously considers customer requirements and business processes of operational systems in order to implement an Internet business system. To demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed methodology, we applied and implemented an Internet business system for sales of A/S (After Service) spare parts and services on the object of the "H" company of manufacturing ship engines, which is a make-to-order corporation. As a result, This paper showed an effective applicability of Internet-based e-business on A/S business processes in order to improve a service quality for customer satisfaction in manufacturing companies.

Due to the increased demand for safety and security requirements on the port infrastructure, the harbor tranquility is one of the important parameter in the mooring basin of harbor. It relates keenly to berthing/unberthing and cargo handling works but also it is an important indicator to get the minimum water area as the safe refuge. Hupo harbor is a national coastal harbor located in east coast of Korea and a development plan for a new marina near the entrance is being carried out including berth layouts, breakwater extensions, 300m marina berths, dredging and land reclamation works. The new plan will impact on calmness of the existing port. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze in complex the variation of wave height and direction caused by wave refraction, diffraction, shoaling and reflection from the incident waves from outside the harbor. In order to check the calmness inside a harbor, the numerical models are being used currently need fundamental reviews according to the difference of results which depend on their respective features. In this study, hence, it was introduced the validity of numerical models by comparing the computational results with the hydraulic model experiment. The current investigations contribute to the existing development recommendations and provide further solutions for port planning.