Effectiveness of Beauveria bassiana ERL as entomopathogenic fungi against thrips pupae were evaluated on greenhouse cucumber(bumnong backdadagi), rose(Affinity) respectively. Control efficacy was calculated by the formula, (Dcontrol - Dtreatment)/Dcontrol x 100, where Dcontrol is the average density of thrips on the plots in which any pesticides and entomopathogenic fungi was not relesed and Dtreatment is the average density of thrips on the plots in which entomopathogenic fungi were released respectively. As a result, control efficacies of Beauveria bassiana ERL 10^7 cfu/g treatment against thrips on cucumber was 89.4~91.3%, respectively. In addition, control efficacy of Beauveria bassiana ERL 10^8 treatment against thrips on cucumber was 92.0~93.2%. Also, control efficacies of Beauveria bassiana ERL treatment against thrips on cucumber was 61.5-69.2%. Thus, even thrips control flow that occurs in the solanaceae vegetables thrips current period is officially Beauveria bassiana ERL 10 ^ 7 to effective treatment cfu / g, pepper and tomato cucumber and rose to occur will be effective. These results demonstrate the promise of entomopathogenic fungi, especially Beauveria bassiana ERL for management of thrips pupae. In addition to thrips control that is occurring in the solanaceae vegetables such as peppers and tomatoes will be effective.

Microorganism such as a bacterium, virus, fungus, or microscopic nematode worms can be used in agricultural practices to control of elimate pests that can inflict damage to a plant. Agents used as biopesticides include parasites, predators, fungi, bacteria and viruses. Each agent has a specific mode of operation used to control pests. They are being recommended and used as components of IPM programs in the production of high-value specialty crops such as fruit, nut, vegetable, vine, ornamental, and turf crops. The global pesticide market was valued in 2013 at approximately $54.2 billion. Of that total, nearly 30% is comprised of herbicides to control weed populations. This segment of the market is projected to expand through 2014 for both synthetic pesticides and biopesticides. The projected market percentage should reach nearly 6% by 2014. Biological control agents are termed as ‘Biological Pesticides’ by the Korean government. At present there are 33 registered products in Korea under this category, among these 19 are fungicidal, 13 are insecticidal and only 1 have herbicidal activity. The total number of domestically produced biological pesticides is 19 including Bts whereas rest of them are imported. Mostly these are originated from microorganisms. Organic agriculture materials are 1,300 registered products in Korea. Approximately 500 companies have registered your product is a very small company and the parent company, except for the more than 20 companies.

With the increasing trend of global trades and protection of agro-ecosystem in importing and exporting countries, quarantine and pre-shipment(QPS) fumigation for perishable commodities are critical in terms of quality maintenance of fumigated commodities as well as eradicating quarantine pest. There are limited use of methyl bromide(MB) fumigation on fruits and vegetables due to not only worker safety issue at low temperature condition but phytotoxic damage to valuable commodities. We are here presented that commercial development of methyl bromide (MB) alternatives such as ethyl formate and phosphine gas formulated with carbon dioxide, that are increasing consumer and worker safety and avoiding phytotoxic damage in routine MB fumigation.

The most industry players were still building a case for biopesticides as an important sector of the crop protection industry, most bigger players were making guarded statements about their intentions in the sector, and the headline proclaimed that biopesticides were no longer a fringe sector. Within months, the larger companies started getting seriously involved through acquisitions and licensing deals. The second special issue that came out in 2013 gauged the momentum that the sector quickly achieved and it was becoming clear that biopesticides would figure in the plans of most of the big crop protection companies. The momentum that started in 2012 was sustained throughout 2013 and the first four months of 2014 in the forms of deals as well as acquisitions. The Europe-based majors consolidated the acquisitions made during the previous year and went about submitting registration dossiers for the acquired products and formulating business plans incorporating biopesticides into their overall strategy. In 2013, big US-based companies became active. Monsanto acquired US agricultural biotechnology company, Agradis, which has a collection of thousands of plant-associated microorganisms; formed a partnership with Danish company Novozymes to develop and commercialise biopesticides worldwide; and supported the establishment of a US company, Preceres, aimed at the development of delivery methods for RNAi-based biopesticides. The global companies believe that biologicals will provide new growth opportunities in agriculture and are looking at market opportunities in all crops and the needs of its crop protection business.

Aphids are common pests frequently found in imported and exported fruits and vegetables. Methyl bromide(MB), a Quarantine and Pre Shipment(QPS) fumigant, could offer eradication of aphids within short period. However, MB is limited in use because of poor gas evaporation at low temperature(<5℃) and there is phytotoxic effect or damage on quality in post-harvest vegetables and fruits even at >5℃. Two candidates of MB alternative, ethyl formate(EF) and phosphine(PH3), are used and being investig at edonvarious fruits and vegetables fumigation to replace MB. Aphids are known as quarantine pest that are hard to control when conduct short period fumigation with PH3 and low dosage of EF. In this paper, dose response assessment of EF and PH3 are presented for three different aphid pecies : cotton aphid(Aphisgossypii), green peach aphid(Myzuspersicae) and turnip aphid (Lipaphiserysimi). The LCt99% values of EF at room temp. and low temp. (5℃) were 4.42 and 4.45 g·h·m-3 for cotton aphid, 3.23 and 5.58 g·h·m-3 for turnip aphid, 3.23 and 5.58 g·h·m-3 for green peach aphid when 2-hours fumigation. PH3 showed 0% efficacy on all species when 2-hours fumigation.

Biopesticides are pesticdide derived from natural materials such as animals, plants, bacteria, and certain minerals. Microorganism such as a bacterium, virus, fungus, or microscopic nematode worms can be used in agricultural practices to control of elimate pests that can inflict damage to a plant. Agents used as biopesticides include parasites, predators, fungi, bacteria and viruses. They are being recommended and used as components of IPM programs in the production of high-value specialty crops such as fruit, nut, vegetable, vine, ornamental, and turf crops. The global pesticide market is growing at a 15.8% for the period of 2012 to 2017. Synthetic insecticide use is projected to continue to decline, particularly with the increased use of GM seeds. GM crops are competiong with biopesticides due to disease and pest resistance and complementing for production of chemical residue free crops. Biopesticedes represent a strong growth area in the global pesticide market. Low registration cost and time for development of new active ingredient are major growth drives for the biopesticides market. Bacterial biopesticides control over 70% of microbial biopesticdes market share. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is the most popular bioinsecticide worldwide. The global market for botanical biopesticide is estimated to grow at a CAGR of 14% and semio-chemicals is expected to grow at a CAGR of 16.1% from 2012 to 2017. The global microbial biopesticides market was valued at $862 million in 2011 and is expected to reach $2,606 million by 2017. Global biopesticides market is dominated by bioinsecticides with around 46% share in 2011.