Background : According to medicinal plant standard culture, flower organ should be removed but there is no detail information on flower organ removal in Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi. This study was carried out to examine effect of flower organ removal on the increase of roots yield in Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi. Methods and Results : ○ Experiment variety : Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi. ○ Treatment : ① Flower organ non-cutting ② Flower organ cutting ○ Planting date : April, 2015/ April 25, 2016 ○ Planting distance : 30×20cm/ 30×15cm ○ Experiment place : Ginseng & Medicinal Plant Research Institute(Geumsan-gun, Chungcheongnam-do) Conclusion : The fresh rhizome yield of F. O. C. at a bud treatments were increased 21.0% ∼50.0% compare to F. O. N. C. treatments. The fresh rhizome yield of F. O. C. at a flower treatments were increased 17.4%∼34.6% compare to F. O. N. C. treatments. The fresh weight of above-ground parts of F. O. C. treatments were decreased 77.2%∼65.7% compare to F. O. N. C. treatments. F. O. C.(=Flower organ cutting) / F. O. N. C.(=Flower organ non-cutting).

Background : This study was development of moisture tolerance and high-yielding Rehmannia glutinosa cultivar. Methods and Results : Segang is developed by the medicinal crop breeding team of National Institute of Horticulture and Herbal Science(NIHHS), Rural Development Administration(RDA), during the period from 2005 to 2015. The reproduction of Rehmannia glutinosa has been accomplished mainly by vegetative propagation with its seedlings have many variants. The cultivar was selected from seedling of Jihwang 1(check variety). The plant type of Segang is some rising from ground. Regional yield trials conducted at three site from 2014 to 2015. The root yield of Segang was 21.1ton per hectare, which was increased 12% compared with Jihwang 1. Also, Segang has higher catalpol content and dried root ratio compared with Jihwang 1. Conclusion : Segang is a moisture tolerance and high-yielding Rehmannia glutinosa cultivar.

Background : Jiwhang (Rehmannia glutinosa L.) cultivation area of chungnam province was 62ha(219 farms, 53.9% of domestic cultivation area, M.A.F.R.A. 20142)). Recently, jiwhang is rapidly spread to 150ha ( Geumsan administration statistics, 2015) as taking place of income crop in Chungnam. High quality jiwhang GAP production and improvement of the distribution system including magnus customers, producer association fosterage and conventional market Vitalization were the reason of rapid cultivation area increase of Rehmannia glutinosa L. in Geumsan. This study was performed to set up the standard Rhizome size for planting in Rehmannia glutinosa L. Materials and Methods ○ Experiment variety : Togang ○ Treatment(rhizome length) : ① 1cm ② 2cm ③ 3cm ④ 4cm ⑤ 6cm(control) ○ Planting date : May 6, 2015 ○ Planting distance : 30×15cm ○ Experiment place : Ginseng and Medicinal Plant Research Institute (Geumsan-gun, Chungcheongnam-do) Conclusion : In the aboveground growth was no significant difference among treatments. In the root characteristics, there was no significant difference among treatments. Take a 1∼2cm rhizome planting saved rhizome amount and planting time to 73.8%∼64.3% and 68.4%∼ 57.8% respectively than 6cm(control).

Background : Generally, price of Jiwhang(Rehmannia glutinosa L.) is highest in August. In this study, Economic Evaluation and Productivity of 9 Jiwhang varieties w ere analyzed according to harvesting tim es of August and October. Materials and Methods ○ Experiment variety : Jiwhang 1, Korea jiwhang, Daegyung, Gogang, Togang, Dagang, Wongang, Hwanggang and Yeongang ○ Treatment : ①Initial-August harvest ②Mid-August harvest ③Ended-August harvest ④Ended-October harvest ○ Planting date : April 17, 2015 ○ Planting distance : 30×15cm ○ Experiment place : Ginseng and Medicinal Plant Research Institute (Geumsan-gun, Chungcheongnam-do) Conclusion : The higher roots yield at August harvest was in Gogang, Dagang and Togang. The lower roots yield at August harvest was in Korea jiwhang and Hwanggang. The higher economic feasibility at August harvest was in Gogang, Togang, Dagang and Wongang. The higher economic feasibility at ended-October harvest was in Gogang, Yeongang, Togang, Dagang and Wongang.

Background : According to medicinal plant standard culture, flower stalk should be removed at the stage of 4-5 main leaves appearance but there is no detail information on stalk removal in jiwhang (Rehmannia glutinosa L.). This study was carried out to examine effect of flower stalk removal on the increase of total yield in Rehmannia glutinosa L. Materials and Methods ○ Experiment variety : Korea jiwhang, Wongang ○ Treatment : ① Peduncle non-cutting ② Peduncle cutting ○ Planting date : April 18, 2015 ○ Planting distance : 30×15cm ○ Experiment place : Ginseng and Medicinal Plant Research Institute (Geumsan-gun, Chungcheongnam-do) Conclusion : Aerial part growth was no significant difference according to treatments in Wongang and aerial weight was havier in Peduncle cutting than in Peduncle non-cutting. Aerial part growth was no significant difference according to treatments in Korea jiwhang. The roots yield in Korea jiwhang was increased about 5.2% in Peduncle cutting. The roots yield in Wongang was increased about 24.9% in Peduncle cutting.

Background : Bai Zhu is generally harvested in 1-2 years after seedstock planting. Recently mainly in Guemsan, Bai Zhu is harvested in just 1 year after planting in spring . According to medicinal plant standard culture, Bai Zhu should be directly sown by 20cm distance in April. This study was carried out to find out proper planting date. Materials and Methods ○ Experiment variety : Bai Zhu (Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.) ○ Treatment : Planting Date ① Late march ② Early april ③ Middle of april(control) ④ Late april Plantind density : ① 30×10cm ② ① 30×20cm ○ Planting type : Direct Seeding ○ Experiment place : Ginseng and Medicinal Plant Research Institute (Geumsan-gun, Chungcheongnam-do) Conclusion : Number of lateral branches in 30×10cm was more in late march than late April and aerial part growth was superior as planting date was earlier. Emergence rate was higher in middle of April and late April and aerial part weight, fresh root weight, dry root weight rate, and dry root weight were superior as planting date was earlier. Dry weight yield increased as 38.3% in late March compared to middle of April. Dry weight was havier as 36.2% in planting time of late March and early April than planting time of middle of April and late April. Total income was higher in planting time of late March and early April than planting time of middle of April and late April.

Background : Jiwhang (Rehmannia glutinosa L.) cultivation area of Chungnam province was 62ha (219 farms, 53.9% of domestic cultivation area, MAFRA. 20142)**). Recently, jiwhang is rapidly spread to 150ha (Geumsan administration statistics, 2015) as taking place of income crop in Chungnam. High quality jiwhang GAP production and improvement of the distribution system including magnus customers, producer association fosterage and conventional market vitalization were the reason of rapid cultivation area increase of Jiwhang in Geumsan. But low emergence rate caused by spring drought should be solved. This study was carried out to obtain basic data for emergence rate improvement in jiwhang. Materials and Methods ○ Experiment variety : Korea jiwhang ○ Treatment : ①Control ② 1 time irrigation at planting time ③1 time irrigation at planting time + transparent vinyl mulching ○ Planting date : April 30, 2015 ○ Planting distance : 30×15cm ○ Experiment place : Ginseng and Medicinal Plant Research Institute (Geumsan-gun, Chungcheongnam-do) Conclusion : There was no significant difference in the aboveground growth among treatments. The seedling emergence rate was higher in 1 time irrigation at planting time + transparent vinyl mulching(1ITVM) than control or 1 time irrigation at planting time(1I). Aerial part weight was significantly havier in 11ITVM than control or 1I. The roots yield was also more in 1ITVM than control or 1I. According to economic analysis, total income in 1ITVM compared to 1I and control was 125.1% and 54.0% higher respectively.

Background : This study was carried out to investigate the changes to fatty acid, mineral, and ginsenosides contents in ginseng seed when they were stratified for different length of time and to determine whether variety had any effects on the changes. The aim was to improve the ginseng seed stratification process. Methods and Results : The ginseng varieties used were Geumpoong, Chunpoong, Yunpoong, and K-1. Stratifying periods treated on ginseng seed were 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 days. The main fatty acids of ginseng seed were oleic acid (C18 : 1, n9c) with a content of 78.40 - 79.20% followed by linoleic acid (C18 : 2, n6c). The main mineral in the seeds was potassium (K), at 1208.2 - 1337.6 ㎎/100 g. The main ginsenosides in ginseng seed were ginsenoside Re and Rb1. Increasing the length of the stratification periods led to increases in oleic acid content (60 - 80 days), however after this the content declined. In contrast, linoleic acid content fell as the stratification period increased. K, P, Mg, Ca and Na content rose as the stratification period increased. The ginsenoside Re content of Chunpoong and K-1 cultivar seeds also rose as the stratification period increased which meant that total ginsenoside content increased. However, ginsenoside Re content rose in Geumpoong and Yunpoong seeds, but total ginsenoside content decreased as the stratification period increased. Conclusions : Some beneficial compound in ginseng seed rose as the stratification period increased. Therefore, ginseng seed stratification could improve the food value of ginseng.