This study examined the effects of red light generated from a light emitting diode (LED) upon proliferation and mitochondrial stress in human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs). Cells were exposed to LED-generated red light at a clinically relevant intensity and distance with a 610-630 nm wavelength for various times (0-48 min). At different exposure times, cells were processed for the analysis of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, proliferation, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and cytotoxicity. Cell cycle progression was also investigated by flow cytometry after staining with propidium iodide. Red light exposure was found to inhibit SDH activity and DNA synthesis in hGFs in a time-dependent manner. Light exposure also reduced the MMP levels in these cells and this was closely associated with a G0/G1 arrest. In contrast, exposure of hGFs to red light for 48 min led to a dramatic loss of MMP with an attendant increase in cytotoxicity. These findings demonstrate that LED-generated red light may cause mitochondrial stress and growth inhibition in hGFs during tooth whitening therapy, depending on the length of the exposure.

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is associated with the development of extrinsic skin aging. We performed in vivo assays in order to investigate the protective effect of a combination of grapefruit and rosemary extracts (cG&Re) on UVB-induced skin aging. The results indicated that cG&Re displayed elastase inhibitory activity in a dose-dependent manner. Topical application of cG&Re mitigated photo-aging related lesions such as skin erythema and thickening in photo-aged BALB/c mice dorsal skin, by preventing UVB-induced collagen degradation. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that cG&Re stimulated SIRT-1 expression, and suppressed MMP-1 and IL-1β expression. It was observed that expression of MMP-1 and -13 mRNA was downregulated in the cG&Re-treated group. Furthermore, cG&Re treatment drastically suppressed protein expression of MMP-1 and regulated the phosphorylation of p-38 kinase. As expected, oral administration of cG&Re resulted in the same SIRT-1, MMP-1, and IL-1β expression patterns observed upon topical application of cG&Re in the UV-induced mice model. Overall, the current results demonstrated that cG&Re attenuated both the downregulation of MMP-1 expression and up-regulation of SIRT-1 expression, as well as decreased phosphorylation of MAPK in UVB-induced skin ageing mice model, suggesting that cG&Re might be used as an internal food ingredient for beauty-purposes as well as a functional food material.

Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is a rare and poorly understood disorder affecting 15% of patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). In this case report, we describe a case of CAD mistaken for liver cirrhosis. A 57-year-old male patient was presumptive diagnosed with early liver cirrhosis due to mild hyperbilirubinemia and abdominal sonography finding without other findings as thrombocytopenia or prothrombin time prolongation. After 3 month, the patient was referred to our hospital with agglutination of peripheral red blood cell at room temperature and livedo reticularis of the whole body and finally diagnosed with CAD associated B cell lymphoproliferative disorder.

Diagnosis of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL) have rarely been made simultaneously in the same patient. We report a rare case of a patient with CML-chronic phase who developed a concurrent Philadelphia (Ph)-negative diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. At the time of diagnosis, cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood and bone marrow cells revealed the Ph-chromosome translocation in all examined metaphases. A lymph node biopsy showed features of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of lymph node tissue for BCR-ABL was negative. The patient was treated with R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, adriamycin and prednisone) and imatinib mesylate.

Amyloidosis is a disease caused by extracellular deposition of the fibrous protein amyloid in one or more sites of the body, leading to organ dysfunction and death. Its causes and pathogenesis are variable, with common histopathologic features. Amyloidosisis a rare disease, and usually present in the heart and frequently in the gastrointestinal tract, skin but is rarely encountered in lymph nodes. Amyloidosis in Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia (WM) is exclusively due to amyloid lightchain deposition. Only a few case of amyloidosis in WM have been reported. We report on one case that occurred independently of with Primary amyloidosis which involved only multiple lymphadenopathy and waldenstrom’s microglobulinemia involving bone marrow.

This study has assessed the anti-oxidative activities and cytotoxic effects of Lithospermum erythrorhizon ethanol extract and measured the effects of tyrosinase inhibition activities with a goal of estimating the usage of the medicinal plant as an ingredient of cosmetics. First, to perform a basic test on the extract, pH and UV-spectrum were measured. According to the measurement, the extract had control functions at pH 5.5, and maximum absorbance occurred at 530nm. In particular, DPPH (1-1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl)-inhibiting activity (IC50) and polyphenol content were 149.81 μg/mL and 51.28±2.52 mg/mL respectively. In addition, as extract concentration increased, tyrosinase inhibition activities improved as well. In raw 264.7 cell-based MTT assay, cell survival rates were 98% at 1000 ppm and 153% at 100 ppm. Therefore, it's been confirmed that there is almost no cytotoxin. According to the test results above, it appears that the Lithospermum erythrorhizon ethanol extract would be effective in anti-oxidation and application as a cosmetic ingredient.

The goals of palliative chemotherapy are to improve overall survival and the quality of life through relief of symptoms. On the other hand, chemotherapy has many side effects, such as, myelosupression, neuropathy, gastro-intestinal symptoms, and infertility. On the many known side effects of chemotherapy, bleeding occurs in approximately 6-10% of patients with advanced cancer. Most of bleeding associated with chemotherapy is due to local vessel damage and systemic process, such as, disseminatated intravascular coagulopathy or abnormalities in platelet function or number. This symptom led to worse progression of quality of life and severe stress state in patient and their attendant. Here, the authors report a case of chemotherapy- related bleeding in maxillary cancer patient and successful achievement of hemostasis using interventional endovascular therapy.

Development of two different histologic types of lymphoma in the same person is rare. Sequential lymphoma is defined as two different types of lymphoma occurring sequentially in the same person. In particular, sequential Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) following non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is extremely rare. A 63-year-old female diagnosed with B-cell NHL at the mass in T3 received treatment with an R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone) protocol for six cycles. However, 12 months later, the patient complained of a left neck mass and excisional biopsy was performed. Microscopically the biopsied tissue showed Reed-Stemberg cells and confirmed the diagnosis of HL. The patient was treated with ABVD (adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine) for four cycles. Although the possibility of a secondary malignancy cannot be excluded, this is a rare case of sequential Hodgkin’s lymphoma following Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.