Since sylvian arteriovenous malformations’ (AVMs) arterial feeders are supplied from middle cerebral artery (MCA) branches and their nidus is located adjacent to functional structures, they are challenging lesions to remove surgically. We review the different characteristics of AVMs such as size, flow, feeders, venous drainage, eloquence and therapeutic strategies. With low postoperative morbidity, almost patients achieved favorable outcomes. The author recommend that microsurgery should be selected as the primary treatment for sylvian AVMs. Removal of nidus completely without new neurological impairment is very important in the treatment for sylvian fissure AVMs.

Recently, renal traumas caused by traffic and industrial accidents have risen sharply due to rapid industrialization and an increase in automobiles. The evaluation of patients with suspected renal trauma relies mainly on clinical assessment, urinalysis and imaging studies. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 76 patients who presented to our hospital with renal trauma between January 2008 and December 2014. According to the review, A total of 76 patients presented to our hospital with suspected renal trauma. There were 61 male and 15 female between 2 and 83 years old. By cause, traffic accident was the most common cause of injury, accounting for 39 cases. The remaining injuries were caused by falls in 26 cases, assault in 8 cases and sports-related trauma in 3 cases. Surgical exploration was required in 18 patients for renal or associated injuries. We are of the opinion that close and prompt cooperation with other associated medical departments is mandatory in order to reduce morbidity and mortality caused by multiple injury. Accurate renal injury staging was essential to successful management of traumatized patients.

Background: We evaluated the effect of ulinastatin on paw withdrawal threshold (PWT), IL-6, and IL-10 in SD rats after spinal nerve ligation (SNL). Methods: Group C received N/S and Group E received ulinastatin IV for three days following SNL. PWT, IL-6, and IL-10 were measured on the 3rd, 5th, and 7th day. Results: Group E showed higher PWT compared to group C. IL-6 was lower in group E than in group C. No differences in IL-10 were observed between group C and group E. Conclusion: Ulinastatin increased the PWT and its effect appears to be involved with IL-6, not IL-10.

The objective of this study is to access the prevalence of diffuse thyroid disorders by using ultrasonography in healthy adults. Among 1535 adults who underwent thyroid ultrasonography, thyroid disorders were detected in 191 subjects (12.4%). There was a rapid increase of thyroid functional abnormalities in addition to subclinical thyroid disease with more than 3 features of diffuse thyroid disorder. Therefore we suggest that the thyroid function test and thyroid auto-antibodies should be checked when there are more than 3 features of the diffuse thyroid disorder in ultrasonographic examination, even if the patient does not have any symptoms.

In acute stroke therapy, the effect of intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator was proved in a large clinical trial 20 years ago. At that time, the required brain image was only a non-contrast computed tomography (CT) for discrimination of the presence of hemorrhagic stroke. Nowadays, CT images can be applied for prediction of outcome after treatment as well as selection of a good candidate before treatment. This review introduces the presence and the future of brain CT images in acute stroke treatment.

The purpose of this research is to compare between past and present resuscitation outcome of cardiac arrest patients in one emergency department. A clinical analysis of 429 cases of CPR performed in one emergency department from April 2013 to March 2015 was conducted. Then we compared this with previous paper that were written in same emergency department in 2004. During the period, 429 patients received resuscitations. Between the two studies, all patients under CPR were increased 2.27 times (94.33 pts/years to 214.5 pts/years). As the cause of cardiac arrest, traumatic cardiac arrest increased to 30.1% form 24.1%. Cardiogenic cardiac arrest showed highest survival rate in two studies, and the ratio was increased from 6.8% to 15.2%. VF/VT showed highest survival rate in two studies, and the ratio was increased from 8.8% to 20.7%. In this study, At least who once became ROSC patients was 260 people (60.6%), permanent surviving patient was 34 people (7.93 %), patients with CPC score 1-2 was 26 people (6.06%). The survival rate of patients with cardiac arrest has increased compared to the past. But in-hospital cardiac arrest survival rate is still low so it is necessary to increase the recovery rate of cardiogenic arrest survival rate to increase the permanent survival rate and good prognosis patients.

Salivary gland tumors are relatively rare. Their relative infrequency, and highly variable biologic behavior make some difficulty, but some features can be drawn regarding the incidence, pathology, and pattern of behavior of the various benign and malignant tumors of salivary glands. The present study aims to provide a clinical characteristics of salivary gland tumors. We analyzed retrospectively clinical features of the 80 patients. The most common site of both benign and malignant was parotid gland. The most common presenting symptoms was palpable mass. Histopathologically, the most common type was pleomorphic adenoma in benign tumor and mucoepidermoid carcinoma in malignant tumor.

Rectal melanoma is extremely rare. Its histologic variability and difference in immunohistochemical (IHC) expression may hinder the correct diagnosis. Seventy-three years old Korean woman complained of bloody stool and found a 2cm sized rectal pedunculated polyp on colonoscopy. There was some disparity in IHC expressions as well as cytological morphology between biopsy and surgically resected specimen. When strong immunoreactivity of S-100 is encountered in anorectal lesion with unusual morphology, multiple IHC analysis and high suspicion of anorectal melanoma could lead to correct diagnosis.

Cellular angiofibroma is a benign mesenchymal tumor with uniform, bland, spindle cell differentiation accompanied by thick walled vessels. We report a 17-year-old male who was diagnosed cellular angiofibroma on his right spermatic cord. He had small (about 1cm sized), non-tender, painless, movable mass for 3 years but 1 year ago insidious size of mass increased. Histological finding showed features characteristic of cellular angiofibroma however that occurs almost exclusively in vulvar of middle aged women. In addition, benign mesenchymal neoplasms had similar histologic findings with angiofibroma, especially aggressive angiofibroblastoma, aggressive angiomyxoma and solitary fibrous tumor. Specific immunohistochemical stain profile of angiofibroma helpful of differential diagnosis. Local excision with clear resection margin and long-term follow up are the treatment of choice as local recurrence has been reported in a few case.

Diagnosis of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL) have rarely been made simultaneously in the same patient. We report a rare case of a patient with CML-chronic phase who developed a concurrent Philadelphia (Ph)-negative diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. At the time of diagnosis, cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood and bone marrow cells revealed the Ph-chromosome translocation in all examined metaphases. A lymph node biopsy showed features of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of lymph node tissue for BCR-ABL was negative. The patient was treated with R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, adriamycin and prednisone) and imatinib mesylate.