To evaluate the outcome, clinical efficacy and safety of endometrial radiofrequency cauterization for the treatment of hypermenorrhea. From January 2011 to March 2015, a total of 195 women who visited to Chosun University Hospital had their charts and telephones reviewed for demographics, procedure data, clinical history, and follow up. The mean age was 43.3±5.9 years old. A decrease in days per cycle (7.9±2.8vs 5.4±2.3 days, p<0.001), and in pads per day (10.1±2.7 vs 5.9±3.8 pads/day, p<0.001) and an increase in hemoglobin (g/dL, mean±SD) / hematocrit (%, mean± SD) (7.4±0.5 / 29.5± 2.7 vs 11.7±1.3 / 36.1±4.2, p<0.001) and an improvement in self-reported quality of life scores (limitation of life: 8.1±2.2 vs 2.9±1.7, p<0.0001, discomfort score: 2.1±1.5 vs 0.9±1.5, p<0.001) were observed after endometrial radiofrequency cauterization. Assessment of the level of satisfaction showed that 83.6% of patients were satisfied with the procedure. No major complications were found. The prognostic factors of endometrial radiofrequency cauterization were age, parity, uterine depth, and cauterization time. But age and cauterization time had no significant difference statistically. Endometrial radiofrequency cauterization is a safe and efficient method to treat of hypermenorrhea. It reduces the menstrual flow, improves the quality of life, and remarkably satisfies patients with a desire to preserve a uterus.

The aim of this study is to confirm the importance of a more immediate advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) through a comparative analysis of the results of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) according to the occurrence place of cardiac arrest in tertiary emergency department. The subjects were 493 patients who had received CPR in Chosun university, Emergency Medical Department, between April 2013 and March 2015. The subjects were categorized into three groups according to the occurrence place of cardiac arrest: pre-hospital, in-emergency room, and in-ward. We conducted a clinical analysis of the results. During the period, 493 cardiac arrest patients underwent CPR, 63 patients (12.8%) were discharged alive and 41 patients (8.3%) got a good score on the cerebral performance category (CPC). Concerned occurrence place of cardiac arrest, 11.3% (16 patients) of the in-emergency room group (total 288 patients) were discharged alive. Also, 9.4% (27 patients) of the In-emergency room group got a good score on the CPC. In the other two-group cases, 7.1% (10 patients) of pre-hospital group (total 141 patients) and 6,2% (4 patients) of in-ward group (total 64 patients) got a good score on the CPC. These results indicate that both the rates of alive discharge and a good CPC score of the in-emergency room group are higher than in out-of-emergency room. This difference might be due to the fact that patients could get the more immediate ACLS by emergency medicine doctors if cardiac arrest occurs in emergency room than other places.

Bertolotti’s syndrome is a spinal disorder characterized by abnormal enlargement of the transverse process of the most caudal lumbar vertebra. Pseudoarticulation between the transverse process of L5 and the alar of the sacrum can cause buttock pain and leg pain. A total 50 patients were selected as pure L5 transverse processectomy. The patient’s mean visual analogue scale (VAS) was 7.56±0.89 and postoperative VAS was 3.41±1.84. According to Macnab's criteria, 9 patients showed excellent results, and 27 patients showed good result, 8 patients showed fair, 2 patients showed poor results.

Bertolotti’s syndrome is a spinal disorder characterized by abnormal enlargement of the transverse process of the most caudal lumbar vertebra. Pseudoarticulation between the transverse process of L5 and the alar of the sacrum can cause buttock pain and leg pain. A total 50 patients were selected as pure L5 transverse processectomy. The patient’s mean visual analogue scale (VAS) was 7.56±0.89 and postoperative VAS was 3.41±1.84. According to Macnab's criteria, 9 patients showed excellent results, and 27 patients showed good result, 8 patients showed fair, 2 patients showed poor results.

Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy is getting popular technique as an alternative to conventional discectomy. This endoscopic surgery have many advantages such as less injury to muscle and soft tissue, less postoperative pain, and shorter operation time without general anesthesia and shortened hospitalization. We performed retrospective controlled randomized study from January 2008 to April 2015. Total 250 patients were treated by surgery (open microdiscectomy and endoscopic discectomy) during eight years. Age, sex, and operation level were not statistically significant difference about recurrent rate. Likewise, operation technique such as endoscopic discectomy or open discectomy were not statistically significant difference for recurrent rate.

Gangliocytomas are non-metastasizing and slow-growing tumor. In the sellar region, the sympathetic nerve fibers normally do not exist. Therefore, isolated gangliocytomas had been rarely reported in the pituitary fossa. Herein, we present and review the gangliocytoma arising in sellar region associating with pituitary adenoma which is the most common tumor in pituitary gland.

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW) is a common disorder of the conduction system of the heart. Patients with such disorder may be asymptomatic or present with cardiac symptoms like palpitation and dyspnea. The anesthetic management of these patients is challenging as they are known to develop life threatening tachyarrhythmia. We report a hemodynamic management of a 53-year-old male with WPW syndrome scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. We performed total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil, and we placed the laryngeal mask airway behind the endotracheal tube using Bailey's Maneuver before extubation of endotracheal tube.

Cranioplasty following decompressive craniectomy is regarded as a relatively simple and safe procedure to protect the brain and improve neurological function. However, some serious complications, such as infection, hematoma, bone resorption, seizure, and epidural or subdural fluid collection may develop after cranioplasty. Among these complications, epidural fluid collection after cranioplasty is not well described and with limited reports on the same. Here, we report recurrent epidural fluid collection after cranioplasty, eventually necessitating the removal of the bone flap. This study discusses the possible pathological mechanisms of this undesirable complication with a review of the literature.