Klebsiella sp. L-10 의 N-methyl-N`-nitro-N``-nitrosoguanidine 변이주인 Klebsiella sp. L-10 NTG-50으로부터 생산된 고점성의 히알우론산 복합체를 이상계 추출법으로 정제하여 물리화학적 성질을 조사하였다. 정제된 히알우론산 복합체의 점도는 온도와 염농도가 높아짐에 따라 낮아졌고 pH 5.0 이하와 11.0 이상에도 매우 낮았다. 정제된 히알우론산 복합체의 굳기(hardness)는 1.20kg, 응집성(cohesiveness)은 1.92, 점착성(adhesiveness)은 0.62 이었다. 또한 보수력은 g당 6.9ml이었다.

명태단백질의 이용성을 향상시키기 위한 방법으로 pronase를 이용한 가수분해를 제조하였다. 명태로 부터 고기풀을 제조하여 pronase를 기질 g당 1, 000 units에 해당하는 양을 가하여 pH 7.0, 40℃에서 4시간 가수분해하여 89%의 가수분해도를 보이는 명태단백질의 가수분해물을 제조하였으며 총질소량과 아미노태 질소량은 가수분해가 진행될수록 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 또한 고미와 소수성도 역시 반응초 3.3와 299.3에서 4시간 가수분해시 1.8과 229로 감소하였다. 고미와 밀접한 관계를 가지는 소수성 아미노산(Tyr, Met, Ala, Ilu, Leu, Phe)는 1, 2시간 가수분해시 42.6%와 42.9%로 증가하다가 가수분해가 진행될수록 감소하여 4시간 가수분해시 36.7%로 감소하였다. 정미성 아미노산(Asp, Glu, Pro, Ser, Thr, Gly)은 가수분해가 진행될수록 증가하는 경향을 보여, 4시간 가수 분해시 46.4%의 함량을 보였다.

The optimum conditions and mechanisms for the plasmid-mediated genetic transformation of intact cells of Bacillus brevis P176-2, an extracellular protein producing bacterium, by electroporation were investigated. It was found that pUB110 plasmid DNA can be introduced into intact bacterial cells by electroporation. The frequency of transformation by this electroporation system depended upon the initial electric field strength, the capacity of the electric discharge capacitor, growth stage, number of successive pulses and composition of electroporation buffer. It was effective for transformation that cells were harvested, washed and resuspended with HSM [7mM HEPES(pH 7.4), 272mM sucrose, 1mM MgCl_2] electroporation buffer when cell growth was attained to 1.2 at OD_660. A maximum frequency of transformation of 2.40×10 exp (4) transformants per ㎍ plasmid DNA was obtained by two succesive pulses with an initial electric field strength of 12.5㎸/㎝ and with a capacitance of 7.3㎌.

In order to investigate the extraction mechanism of barley tea in cylindrical packed column, pilot plant scale packed column was designed and constructed. And extraction conditions for steady flow in the packed column were searched. The main results of this study are as follows : 1. Circulation of the stock barley tea before the extraction running was indispensable in consideration of inequality, gas, particles existed in packed bed. Solid-liquid equilibrium was initially maintained after the circulation. 2. Flow direction of solvent must be up-flow for maintaining the constant bed height and flow rate during the extraction. Paessure drop in pucked bed was similar to decrease ratio of extract concentration. 3. The porosity of packed bed was in the range of 0.24∼0.36 according to the particle size. And it was decreased as the particle size became smaller.

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is one of the strategies for managing firms’ business activities but may have heterogeneity depending on ownership structures. This study investigates the association between group-affiliation and CSR activities. Drawing on a theory from the prior research, this study predicts that group-affiliated firms are less likely to invest on CSR activities. For instance, prior research finds that controlling shareholders expropriate the values of minority shareholders. As one of the motivations of investing on CSR activities is the harmonization among the stakeholders, it leads to the prediction that firms controlled by large shareholders are less likely to engage in CSR activities. Second, group-affiliated firms under poor financial performance benefit from other group members through sharing their financial resources. Thus, there is less incentive for managers of group-affiliated firms to increase their financial performance by conducting CSR. By leveraging firms listed in Korean stock market and CSR score from Korea Economic Justice Institute, the result shows that the groupaffiliation is negatively related to CSR activities. The result is consistent in case of applying propensity score-matched sample. Based on the findings of this study, this paper contributes to the related literature by showing the significant association between group-affiliation and CSR decisions.

This study was designed to identify citizens’ awareness and satisfaction of Green Roof Projects (GRPs) in Changwon City, South Korea. Changwon City implemented a “Green Roof Promotion Planning” project according to the city’s codes and regulations from 2009 to 2011. The project introduced guidelines for ecological area rates and provided financial subsidies for the green roofing of private buildings. A citizens’ survey shows that 64.8 percent of respondents have a positive awareness of GRPs and think the projects’ priority should be on public buildings and commercial/office buildings. About 43.1 percent of green roof users were satisfied with green roofing in terms of housing improvement and energy saving. However, 34.6 percent of green roof users were not satisfied with regard to plant management. Educational level made a statistically meaningful difference in terms of the awareness of the project’s needs and participatory spirit. Statistics of the survey showed that citizens’ attitude of participation spirit was influenced by the increase in value of a building, green space expansion, and ecosystem conservation. However, their satisfaction was determined by housing improvements. The results of this survey call for a deliberate policy effort on the part of Changwon City to increase the projects’awareness, satisfaction, and participation