Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the environmental awareness and health impact of respiratory diseases among residents in the exposure area (Banwoldong) and the control area. Additionally, it sought to identify the correlation between environmental factors in the exposure area and their effects on health. Methods: This study utilized a 2021 survey of 20 residents to assess environmental awareness using a 5-point Likert scale. The measurement of indoor particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5), temperature, and humidity was conducted using a direct-reading laser light scattering device, the DT-9881M (SANE Cal. Co., Ltd., Korea). Additionally, a cohort analysis was conducted using National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) data (2002~2022) to evaluate the onset of chronic disease, focusing on residency and diagnostic records. Results: In the environmental awareness assessment, women showed a statistically significantly higher level of awareness than men regarding water pollution (p=0.0039) and soil pollution (p=0.007). Also, the incidence of respiratory diseases and asthma was statistically significantly higher in the exposure area than in the control area (p<0.0001). Conclusion: This study found significantly higher rates of respiratory diseases in the exposure area compared to the control area. Long-term exposure (≥5 years) to environmental factors in the exposure area was found to be associated with a greater health impact. This suggests a strong link between environmental factors and respiratory diseases. The results emphasize the need for region-specific environmental policies to address pollution-related health disparities.

세계적으로 친환경 해충 방제를 위해 식물 추출물을 사용하는 연구가 화학농약에 대한 의존도를 줄이기 위해 진행되고 있다. 제충국 식물은 살충제용 피레트린의 원료로 널리 알려져 있지만, 한국에서 재배된 식물의 추출물과 효능에 대한 연구는 제한적이다. 본 연구는 한국에서 재배된 본 연구는 한국에서 재배된 두 가지 제충국 품종에서 피레트린을 추출하는 방법을 비교하였다. 또한, 분리된 피레트린 함유 추출물의 주요 식물 해충 에 대한 효능을 조사하였다. 피레트린 함량은 프랑스에서 수입한 '계통' 품종에 비해 '달마시안' 품종에서 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다. 따라서, 달마 시안 품종의 피레트린 추출물을 이용하여 본 연구에 사용하였다. 추출된 피레트린의 양은 추출에 사용된 에탄올 농도가 증가함에 따라 증가하였으 며, 95% 에탄올을 사용했을 때 가장 높은 수준(6,064 ppm/100 g 꽃 건물중)이었다. 총 피레트린 함량과 피레트린 I/II 비율은 만개기에 수확한 꽃 에서 가장 높았다. 추출물의 in vitro 생물검정에서 복숭아혹진딧물의 LC50 값은 34 ppm, 배추좀나방 유충은 69 ppm, 뿌리혹선충 유충은 0.1 ppm이었다. 이러한 결과는 한국에서 재배된 달마시안 꽃의 에탄올 추출물이 식물 해충 방제를 위한 천연 살충제 개발에 유용할 수 있음을 나타냈 다. 본 연구는 한국에서 재배된 T. cinerariifolium var. 달마시안 꽃 추출물이 국내에서 식물 해충을 효과적이고 친환경적으로 방제하는 데 잠재력이 있음을 보였다.

The blackish cicada, Cryptotympana atrata Fabricius, 1775 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) was originally distributed mainly in the southernmost remote island, Jeju and rarely throughout low lands in South Korea, but has been explosively increased at the urban areas, where annual temperature is higher. In this study, we sequenced a partial mitochondrial COI from a total of 171 individuals collected throughout 12 localities in South Korea. The haplotype found with the highest frequency in Jeju island shares only with two inland localities in southern region with a low frequency, whereas the haplotype found with the highest frequency throughout inland localities was not found in Jeju island. These results showed that Jeju population, southern region, and other inland populations form somewhat different genetic groups.

We investigated the effects of fluctuating temperature on development and fertility of M. persicae at different temperature conditions, 10, 15, 20, 25, 28, and 30±5℃, respectively. In this study, we collected detailed data on development periods, and fertility of M. persicae at six different temperatures. We analyzed the life table parameters of M. persicae using age-stage, two-sex life table program. The intrinsic and finite rate of increase were the highest at 25±5℃. The fertiltiy was the highest at 20±5℃.

The large copper butterfly Lycaena dispar (Haworth, 1803; Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) has been categorized as a near-threatened species (NT) in South Korea from 2012 mainly due to limited distribution. In this study, we visited 36 sites spread across all South Korean provinces to verify the distributional range of the species and sequenced mitochondrial COI for 53 individuals from nine sites. We observed L. dispar at 15 sites in six provinces, including the two previously known provinces, indicating a southward range expansion. The in-field monitoring and genetic data collectively suggested that L. dispar does not have a limited distribution nor is it isolated, indicating that it should be reclassified as less vulnerable. Our study demonstrates that the combination of field and genetic data can provide a more reliable assessment of the stability of a species.

The recent increase in the occurrence of common bed bug and tropical bed bug in shared areas highlights the need for rapid species identification at infestation sites, which is crucial for implementing targeted control measures due to differences in genetic and physiological traits. In this study, molecular diagnostic methods were developed using species-specific ITS2 sequences. Both multiplex PCR and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) protocols with a DNA release method successfully distinguished between the two bed bug species regardless of developmental stages in 0.5~2.5 hours, even with dead specimens. Especially, LAMP's simplicity and speed make it applicable for rapid and accurate bed bug diagnosis at infestation sites.

2022년부터 2023년까지 제주도내 키위 시설재배지를 대상으로 계절 초기 볼록총채벌레 발생 경향을 확인하 기 위해서 토양 표면의 잡초, 토양 표면 상단으로부터 60cm, 키위나무를 유인한 덕 상단 15cm에서 10일 간격으로 발생 조사하였다. 하우스 내부에서 발생하는 잡초 10종을 채집하여 조사한 결과, 갈퀴덩굴, 광대나물, 개불알풀, 별꽃, 뽀리뱅이, 황새냉이 6종에서 볼록총채벌레가 지속적으로 관찰되었다. 계절 초기 월동 성충의 비산시기를 확인하기 위해 토양 표면 60cm 위쪽에 설치한 황색 끈끈이트랩에서 2월 하순~3월 중순부터 볼록총채벌레의 발생을 확인하였다. 시설하우스 내부(덕 상단 15cm)와 외부(측장 높이)에 설치한 황색 끈끈이트랩을 비교해보면 시설 내·외부의 볼록총채벌레의 밀도가 증가하고 감소하는 시기가 유사하였다. 종합적인 고찰을 통하여, 발생 양상을 고려한 적절한 방제전략 수립이 요구된다.

We investigated the functional response of aphid parasitoid, Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), on the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) at four different constant temperatures (15, 20, 25 and 30℃). Seven host densities (2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128) were used during a 24-h period. A type III functional response for A. colemani was fit separately at each constant temperature. The estimated handling times at 15, 20, 25, and 30℃ were 0.85, 0.61, 0.41 and 0.88 day, respectively. The proportion of aphids that were parasitized showed the similar characteristics curve at four different constant temperatures.

강원특별자치도 18개 시군을 대상으로 감나무와 콩에 발생하는 미국선녀벌레, 썩덩나무노린재, 담배거세미 나방의 발생을 조사하였다. 돌발해충인 미국선녀벌레는 약충기인 6월과 성충기인 10월에 발생조사를 진행하고 남방계해충인 담배거세미나방과 썩덩나무노린재는 7월과 9월 콩 재배기에 발생조사를 진행하였다. 미국선녀 벌레는 강원지역에 있는 감나무에서 발생을 확인할 수 없었고. 감나무 주변 기타 수목에서 가지당 평균 6.7마리 발생하였다. 담배거세미나방은 7월, 속초를 제외한 모든 시군에서 발생이 되었으며, 춘천, 횡성에서 트랩당 60마 리가 넘는 발생밀도를 보였으며, 원주, 강릉, 화천 등 에서는 트랩당 1마리로 낮은 발생밀도를 나타냈다. 썩덩나무 노린재는 7월 춘천, 속초, 홍천 등 7개 시군을 제외한 11개 시군에서 트랩에 포획되는 것을 확인하였으며, 화천에 서 트랩당 26마리로 최고발생밀도를 보였다.

Callipogon relictus, a natural monument, is an insect whose life cycle was assumed to take more than 5 years in nature. Winter is a very harsh season, but it is known to be a crucial condition for many insects’ growth. However, no information is known about the overwintering condition and its effects on C. relictus. To understand the overwintering effects on the growth of C. relictus, we investigated the growth patterns of its larvae in indoor conditions after chilling treatment. The larvae were induced to dormancy at low temperature (4°C) for two months, and put them into 10°C for two weeks to break dormancy. After awakening, the temperature was increased 15°C, 20°C to 25°C at a time, and the larvae were kept for two weeks at each temperature. The larvae were divided into 3 groups (3rd to 5th instar, 6th to 8th instar, 9th to last instar). Lastly, head width and weight of the larvae were measured every 30 days under 25°C condition, and mortality and deformity were counted as well. The mortality and deformity rates were the highest in the first group, and the rates decreased toward the last group. On the other hands, growth rate appeared opposite to mortality and deformity rate of each larval group.

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), which is native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Western Hemisphere is now annually arrives in Korea. In this study, we developed loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay, one of the main merits of which is a rapid identification of target species. Five among 11 FAW-specific loci tested successfully provided a consistent reaction when ten FAWs, which were collected from eight localities in four countries were tested, whereas the 13 non-target species were not amplified. To increase in-field applicability of the method all life stages, reaction time, and different periods after death was tested using the quick extracted DNA. Our FAW diagnostic protocol can be completed within 30 min, from the process of extracting genomic DNA from an egg or a 1st instar larva to species determination.