With a strive to develop light-weight material for automotive and aerospace applications, aluminum-based hybrid nanocomposites (AHNCs) were manufactured utilizing the compocasting approach in this study. Chopped carbon fibers (CFs) are reinforced along with different weight fractions of nanoclay (1–5%) in the matrix of AA6026 forming AHNCs. The AHNCs specimens were examined by microstructural analysis, mechanical characterization, fatigue, and corrosion strength as per ASTM guidelines. Electroless plating method is adopted for coating CFs with copper to improve the wettability with matrix. SEM pictures of manufactured composites reveal thin inter-dendritic aluminum grains with precipitate particle of eutectic at intergranular junctions, as well as nanoclay particles that have precipitated in the matrix. Tensile strength (TS) rises with inclusion of nanoclay up to a maximum of 212.46 MPa for 3% nanoclay reinforcement, after which the TS is reduced due to non-homogeneity in distribution, agglomeration and de-bonding of nanoparticles. Similarly, micro-hardness increases with addition of 3% nanoclay after which it decreases. Higher energy absorption was achieved with 3% nanoclay reinforced hybrid and a significant improvement in flexural strength was obtained. With addition of both CFs and nanoclay, the fatigue strength of the hybrid composite tends to increase due to flexible CFs and high surface area nanoclays which strengthen the grain boundaries until 3% addition. Addition of nanoclay lowers the corrosion rate with nanoclays filling the crevices and voids in the matrix.

In this present investigation, machinability studies on novel aluminum composite with hybrid reinforcements of copper-coated 4% carbon fibers (CFs) and 3% nanoclay in AA6026 matrix fabricated by compocasting method is performed. Step drill bit and multifaceted drill bit are used by adopting central composite design (CCD) in response surface methodology (RSM). The outcomes show that, with a rise in rotational speed surface irregularities, resultant force and material removal rate (MRR) intensifies, and with the additional rise in rotational speed, all the outputs decrease considerably. High MRR, resultant cutting force, and surface roughness are obtained with multifaceted carbide drills, compared with a step drill. Desirability function is used to maximize the MRR and minimize the resultant cutting forces considering the constant surface roughness of 3 μm. The optimal values are rotational speed of 1285 rpm, feed rate of 60 mm/min with the step drill bit, producing an MRR of 0.0439 kg/sec and a resultant cutting force of 185.818 N. The second-order empirical models are developed for outputs, which are fed into the non-traditional metaheuristic Evaporation Rate-based Water Cycle Algorithm (ER-WCA) therefore the lower objective value is achieved with step drill of 51.7421. It is found that using a step drill the machinability performance of this hybrid nanocomposite is well improved than the machining with other drill bits. This composite fulfills the norms of 2000/53/CE-ELV European environmental directives.

Carbon fiber and its composites are increasingly used in many fields including defence, military, and allied industries. Also, surface quality is given due importance, as mating parts are used in machineries for their functioning. In this work, the turning process is considered for Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) composites by varying three important cutting variables: cutting speed, feed, and depth of cut. Correspondingly, the surface roughness is measured after the completion of turning operation. As well, a prediction model is created using different fuzzy logic membership function and Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm (LMA) in artificial intelligence. Later, the surface roughness values from the developed models are compared against the experimental values for its correlation and effectiveness in using different membership functions of fuzzy logic and ANN. Thus, the experimental results are analyzed using the effect graphs and it is presented in detail.