Polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) prepared by emulsion polymerization has broad applications for additive such as paint binder, adhesive for wood and paper due to its low glass transition temperature which help to plasticize substrate resins. Since emulsion polymerization has a disadvantage that surfactant and ionic initiator degrade properties of the product polymer, poly (vinyl acetate-eo-ethyl acrylate) (VAc-EA) was synthesized using potassium persulfate as catalyst and polyvinylalcohol (PVA) as protective colloid to prevent the degradation. The copolymer latex product was internally plasticized and has enhanced adhesion, water resistance during VAc-EA emulsion polymerization. No coagulation and complete conversion occur with the reactant mixture of 10 mmol/L potassium persulfate, 10 mmol/L poly ( vinyl alcohol) (PVA 17). As the concentrations of PVA increase, the viscosity becomes increase.

Titanium dioxide particles are used as cosmetics, pigments, photocatalysts, adsorbents, catalytic supports, and sensors. The TiO2 particles were prepared by the precipitation in TTIP/Solvent mixtures and calcined at different temperatures. The resulting materials were characterized by XRD and SEM testing techniques. The TiO2 particles phase composition was determined by XRD ranging from amorphous to crystalline anatase and rutile largely proportional to the calcination temperature.

To prepare a solution type acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive, quarter polymers were synthesized from butyl acrylate(BA), 2-ethylhexylacrylate(2-EHA) as a base monomer, methyl methacrylate(MMA) as a comonomer, each of methacrylic acid(MAA), acrylic acid(AA) as a functional monomer. Acrylic solution type pressure-sensitive adhesives(PSA's) of isocyanate derivative crosslinking PSA's were prepared by crosslinking of BEMM, BEMA with toluene-2,4-diisocyanate. The structure of adhesive was identified by FT-IR. The viscosity was measured by using Brookfield DV-III and molecular weight was measured by using gel permeation chromatography. The physical properties of polyethylene film coated with BEMMT, BEMAT were measured as a function of the concentration. As the result, BEMMT(0.6, 0.8), BEMAT(0.6) showed peel adhesion of 160~180 gf/25 mm width and shear adhesion of more than 24 hours, and tackiness of 4/32~6/32 which was relevant to commercial usage.

This study demonstrated the effects of extracts from the mushroom Keumsa sangwhang(Phellinus linteus) (KPLE) on fasting glucose and cholesterol levels in human blood. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled human intervention study, healthy volunteers were randomized to receive 3.3 g of KPLE (n=31) or placebo (n=31) per day by oral administration for 8 weeks. The cholesterol and fasting serum glucose levels were evaluated before and after treatment. The fasting serum glucose level was significantly decreased by KPLE administration (p<0.01), but the total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDLcholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations did not change. This study suggests a possibility that KPLE may be useful as a functional food for the prevention of diabetes mellitus.

This study was performed to investigate the effect of of transdermal testosterone gel (TTG) on controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) and IVF outcomes and ovarian morphology according to pretreatment duration in poor responders. A total of 120 women were recruited for this pilot study. They were randomized into control, 2 weeks, 3 weeks or 4 weeks TTG treatment groups. For three TTG treatment groups, 12.5 mg TTG was applied daily for 2 weeks, 3 weeks or 4 weeks in preceding period of study stimulation cycle. After 3 weeks of TTG pretreatment, significant increase of antral follicle count (AFC) and significant decreases of mean follicular diameter (MFD) and resistance index (RI) value of ovarian stromal artery were observed (p=0.026, p＜0.001, p＜0.01, respectively). The total dose of rhFSH administered for COS significantly decreased after 3 and 4 weeks TTG treatment both compared with control group (p＜0.001, p＜0.001). The numbers of oocytes retrieved and mature oocytes were significanty higher in 3 and 4 weeks TTG treatment groups than control group (p＜0.001, p＜0.001 in the number of oocytes retrieved; p＜0.001, p＜0.001 in the number of mature oocytes). The clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate were increased only in 4 weeks TTG treatment group compared with control group (p=0.030 and p=0.042, respectively). These data demonstrated that TTG pretreatment for 3 to 4 weeks increases AFC and ovarian stromal blood flow, thereby potentially improving the ovarian response to COS and IVF outcome in poor responders undergoing IVF/ICSI.

이 연구에서는 한국교육개발원의 “학교 교육 실태 및 수준 분석 연구”의 데이터를 사용하여 교사와 학생이 인식하는 교사의 사기를 분석하였다. 초·중·고등학교의 교사와 학생을 대상으로 교사의 사기와 그 추이를 분석한 결과 교사의 인식에 비해 학생의 인식 수준이 낮았다. 교사의 인식은 대체로 상승하는 경향을 보였지만, 학생의 경우에는 초등학생을 제외한 중등학교 학생들의 인식 수준이 감소하고 있었다. 교사의 사기에 대한 교사와 학생의 인식에 영향을 미치는 변수들을 분석한 결과, 초·중·고등학교 교사의 인식에는 성별, 학력, 경력 등의 변수가 영향을 미치고 있었다. 학생의 인식에 유의한 영향을 미치는 변수는 학교급에 따라 조금 다른 양상을 보였는데, 초등학생은 성취수준, 사회경제적 배경(SES), 부모의 교육적 지원, 학교수준의 사회경제적 배경(SES)이었고 중등학생에게는 성취수준, 사회경제적 배경(SES), 부모의 교육적 지원, 월평균 교육비, 조사 시기, 대도시, 설립유형, 학교급으로 나타났다. 교사의 사기에 대한 교사와 학생 간의 인식의 차이는 교육 현장에 존재하는 두 주체간의 거리를 확인하게 하는 계기가 되었다. 그러므로 교사의 사기를 높이기 위한 조치와 함께 교사와 학생간의 인식의 격차를 좁히기 위한 노력도 필요함을 시사한다.