중앙아시아 고려인들은 150여년간 민족정체성을 잃지 않은 재외동포이다. 그들은 본인의 의지와 무관하게 디아스포라가 되었다는 점에서 독특한 이주 역사를 가지고 있다. 그들은 아직까지도 중앙아 시아, 연해주, 한국 등 각 지역에서 디아스포라의 삶을 이어가고 있다. 세계화 시대를 맞아 재외동포의 가치가 높아지고 있는 현실을 감안한다면, 이들을 한민족의 테두리 안에 포용하는 일이 시급하고 중요 하다고 할 수 있다. 이 글은 150년이 넘는 중앙아시아 고려인들의 디아스포라로서의 삶을 통시적으로 살펴보면서 그들이 민족정체성을 유지할 수 있었던 원인이 무엇인지 고찰한다. 특히, 가족과 결혼문화 의 변화를 중심으로 살펴본다. 강제이주와 정착, 그리고 현지 적응 과정에서 가족의 해체와 재결합이 어떻게 이루어졌는지, 그리고 세대별 결혼관이 어떻게 변해 왔는지 살펴본다. 이는 중앙아시아 고려인 들의 민족정체성 유지의 역사를 제대로 이해하는 방법이 될 수 있기 때문이다. 결혼은 민족의 생물학적 DNA를 전승하는 데 가장 중요한 매개이다. 어떤 민족이든 결혼을 통해 혈통의 재생산과 민족적 정체 성을 유지해 간다. 따라서 중앙아시아 고려인들의 삶을 세대별 결혼관을 통해 살펴보는 것은 그들의 민족정체성의 단면을 파악할 수 있는 유용한 방법이라고 할 수 있다.

This study explores university students’ revising behaviors in the peer assessment process. The data for this study were collected from 18 college students taking English critical writing courses. The results of this study show that the students’ feedback on critical writing significantly affect their revising behaviors. That is, the students’ feedback had substantial variability in the process of revising and improving their critical essays. Specifically, it was found that the students revised their essays more in surface levels by self-reflection and peer feedback and more in meaning levels by teacher feedback. In addition, the students’ perceptions of peer assessment appeared to be related to the extent of their experience of peer assessment and their revision work by peer feedback. The students considered peer assessment useful and helpful for improving their writing skills. This peer assessment induces learning and promotes further learning beyond what the students currently know or are able to do. The results inform L2 writing test developers and researchers about the extent to which peer assessment affects students’ learning and improves their writing abilities. Based on the findings in this study, the implications related to the assessment policy are also discussed.

This study aims to identify differences of teachers" attitudes toward World Englishes (WE) for language teaching and language testing, and to investigate their perceptions of various rating criteria for the L2 oral proficiency test. Data were collected through questionnaires from 72 English teachers in the UK, Malaysia, and Japan. The analysis revealed that there are significant differences in their attitudes toward WE among the groups of English teachers depending on their teaching contexts. With regard to the perceptions on rating criteria, it was found that different groups of English teachers considered various rating criteria for the L2 oral proficiency test differently. The English teachers showing negative attitudes toward WE perceive grammar, pronunciation, native-likeness as more important rating criteria than the others such as vocabulary, organization, task fulfillment, and appropriateness for the assessment of non-native speakers" English language oral proficiency compared to the other group of English teachers showing positive attitudes toward WE.

The next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology is being used for more effective genetic mapping and genome analysis. In this study, we performed whole-genome sequencing on the genomic DNA of Milyang23 and Gihobyeo using NGS and developed new cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers based on the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in coding sequence between these varieties. Approximately, sequences of 60x coverage of the Nipponbare reference genome on average were obtained following Illumina sequencing. Totally, 1,726,798 SNPs between Milyang23 and Gihobyeo were detected. Among them, 149 SNP were selected for CAPS markers and located on genetic map with previously reported 219 PCR-based DNA markers. This map was applied to the detection of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for stem internode diameters, culm length and panicle length in rice with MGRIL population. Newly 6 QTLs were detected for culm length (CL) and stem diameter (ID) traits including the first internode diameter (I1D), third internode diameter (I3D), and fourth internode diameter (I4D). Among those QTLs, qI1D5 and qCL5 had relatively higher LOD score and explained 8.99% and 4.24% of total variation. This study showed that the NGS allowed the rapid discovery of a large number of SNPs for CAPS marker. Only very small portion of SNPs through re-sequencing were used in this study. Furthermore, the results of QTL analysis described above shows relevance of molecular markers in mapping genes for useful traits.

The present study was carried out to elucidate the effect of girdling on the quality and harvest date of the 'Shigyoku' grapes. Among girdled vines, the interval from full bloom to harvest date was 77 days; this was as much as seven days shorter in vines receiving a 20% girdling treatment. With regards to fruit characteristics, significant differences were observed in cluster length, berry number, and berry weight in vines that received girdling treatments. There were also significant differences in cluster weight; 468.2 g, 491.6 g and 504.9 g in the control group, 10% girdling group, and 20% girdling group, respectively. Thus, the use of girdling treatments is an effective approach to increasing cluster weight by 5% in the 10% girdling treatment and 8% in the 20% girdling treatment. The 10% girdling treatment showed significant difference in terms of titrable acidity; in fact, the overall titrable acidity was relatively high among all the girdling treatments. The concentration of anthocyanin increased in 20% girdling treatment, but there were no significant differences in anthocyanin concentration among girdling treatments. Berry color developed rapidly in vines that received girdling treatment.