To enhance mechanical properties through improvement of dispersion stability of carbon black (CB) in epoxy resins, fluorine functional groups were introduced on the CB surface by fluorination. The changes in the chemical properties and dispersion stabilities after fluorination were evaluated with different partial pressures of fluorine gas. The mechanical properties of the fluorinated CB/epoxy composites were evaluated by the test of tensile, impact strengths and creep behavior. The fluorinated CB/epoxy composites showed approximately 1.6 and 1.1 times enhancement in the tensile and impact strengths compared to that of neat epoxy, respectively. Moreover, when a constant load was applied at 323 K, the fluorinated CB/epoxy composites lasted longer and had smaller strain changes than those of the raw CB/epoxy composites. Thus, well-dispersed CB by fluorination in epoxy resins effectively transfers mechanical stress.

Fibrous adsorbents, such as activated carbon fibers (ACF) have acknowledged advantages of rapid adsorption rate and ease of modification compared with granular and powdered adsorbents. Based on the surface modification of lyocell-based ACF, we observed different surface characteristics of ACF samples with variation in the mixing ratio and impregnation time of H3PO4, NaCl, and KMnO4 solution. For an engineering application, we also explored the adsorption characteristics of thusproduced ACF samples onto volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Isothermal adsorption experiments were performed using toluene and benzene as adsorbates. Results indicate that both physical and chemical surface properties have an effect on the adsorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

To enhance the thermal properties of epoxy composites, expanded graphite (EG) was oxyfluorinated and embedded into epoxy resin as a reinforcement. The maximum thermal conductivity was obtained for epoxy composites with oxyfluorinated EG, representing a 62% increase compared to that of neat epoxy. Additionally, the glass transition temperature (Tg) and integral procedural decomposition temperature of epoxy composites with oxyfluorinated EG show the increase of 6% (4.4 °C) and 106% (264 °C), respectively, which indicated the improvement in thermal stability. These results can be attributed to the interfacial interaction between epoxy and oxyfluorinated EG, which formed strong interfacial interactions between the epoxy resin and EG due to the presence of oxygen- and fluorine-containing functional groups in oxyfluorinated EG.

A residual contact vial plus water (RCVpW) bioassay method was established to monitor insectiside resistance in field populations of the melon thrips, Thrips palmi. Resistance level against six major insecticides were evalutated in five regions to test applicability of RCVpW as an on-site resistance monitoring tool. Reduced mortality in response to six test insecticides were exhibited compared to the RDA susceptable strain showing 100 % mortality, indicating different degree of resistance. An apparently reduced mortality to emamectin benzoate and chlofenapyr was observed in some field populations, suggesting uneven distribution of resistance to these insecticides in field populations. In addition, spinosad resistance was high and widely distributed in the test regions. Synergistic bioassay revealed that cytochrome P450-mediated metabolic factor is involved in spinosad resistance in the Korean population.

The tribe Cyllodini is reviewed as 10 species of three genera from Korea, including two new species Pallodes sp. nov. and Cyllodes sp. nov. and one newly recorded species Neopallodes vicinus Grouvelle 1892. A key to species from Korea, comments on external and genital structures, biology, illustrations of structures, including the genitalia of both male and female of the Korean Cyllodini species are provided.

Residual contact vial (RCV) method was used to monitor insecticide resistance in field populations of the melon thrips, Thrips palmi. Median lethal doses (LD50) at 8 h post-treatment of six insecticides (chlorfenapyr, cyantraniliprole, cypermethrin, dinotefuran, emamectin benzoate and spinosad), which are commonly used for T. palmi control, were determined at 8 h post-treatment using a susceptible RDA strain. The diagnostic doses for on-site resistance monitoring of the six insecticides, which were determined as two-fold higher doses of LD90 for the RDA strain, were in the range of 0.299 to 164,25 μg-1cm2. To test the applicability of RCV for T. palmi, insecticide resistance levels in three field populations (Gyeonggi; GG_AS, Chungbuk; CB_CJ, Jeonbuk; JB_KJ) were evaluated. Field populations showed reduced mortality (0-50% mortality) to spinosad, cypermethrin, cyantraniliprole and emamectin benzoate, that they have different degree of resistances to these insecticides. In particular, all test field populations exhibited 0% mortality to spinosad, suggesting wide spread of spinosad resistance in the field. Moreover, no detectable mortality to emamectin benzoate was observed in JB_KJ strain, suggesting uneven distribution of emamectin benzoate resistant population of T. palmi. To provide more precise information on resistance profiles and distribution in T. palmi populations, it would be necessary to conduct a large scale resistance mapping for broad geographical regions.

The subfamily Nitidulinae in Korea is reviewed with a pictorial key to species. In total, 30 species of 18 genera are recognized including three newly recorded genera, each with one species respectively: Nitidula rufipes (Linnaeus, 1767), Stelidota multiguttata Reitter, 1877 and Hebasculinus japonus (Reitter, 1877). Pictorial key to tribes, genera and species with illustrations of habitus are provided.

가축질병 바이러스는 매우 빠르게 전파되는 특징을 가지고 있으며 질병에 걸린 동물의 분비물에 접촉하거 나, 사람이나 차량에 의한 바이러스의 이동, 또는 공기를 통하여 전파가 이루어진다. 본 연구에서는 가축 및 분뇨 운반차량이 질병을 전파시키는 요인이 될 수 있다고 판단하고 전염병 발생 시 질병의 이동 경로를 파악 하고 효율적인 방역범위를 설정하는데 기초자료로 활용 하고자 한다. 축산차량의 이동경로를 분석하기 위해 ArcGIS(Ver. 10.3, ESRI, USA)의 Spatial Statistics tool에서 Measuring geographic distribution방법을 활용하여 Directional distribution을 추출하였다. 결과 값으로 위도(Latitude), 경도(Longitude), Rotation, XstdDist, YstdDist을 얻었다. 그 결과 특정한 목적을 가지고 출발지가 일정 지역에 귀속되어 있는 가축 및 분뇨 차량의 경우 출발지점, 도착지점, 목적지가 크게 바뀌지 않을 경우, 이용하는 도로는 한정되어 있었다. 30대의 차량 중 대다수의 차량이 일정한 패턴을 가지고 평상 시 이용하는 경로만 이용하여 분뇨를 운반하는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 전염병 발생 시 질병의 이동 경로를 파악하고 효율적인 방역범위를 설정하여 투입 인원과 장비를 줄이면서 현재보다 효율적인 방역 범위를 설정이 가능할 것으로 판단되었다.