양파의 이용 다변화를 위하여 껍질과 육질을 각각 100∼300℃의 조건에서 아임계수로 추출하여 그 특성을 조사하였다. 양파 껍질과 육질 모두 추출 온도가 상승함에 따라 아임계수 추출물의 페놀 함량이 증가하였다. 양파 껍질 추출물은 250℃에서 quercetin, quercetin 3,4'-diglycoside, quercetin-3- glucoside의 함량이 가장 높았고, 육질 추출물은 quercetin 3,4'-diglycoside 의 함량이 200℃에서 가 장 높았으나 quercetin 및 quercetin-3-glucoside의 함량은 상대적으로 미미하였다. 양파 껍질과 육질 추출물의 quercetin및 그 배당체 함량은 300℃에서 급격히 감소하였다. 양파 껍질과 육질 모두 추출 온도가 증가할수록 아임계수 추출물들의 DPPH 라디칼 소거능과 alcohol dehydrogenase 활성을 향상시 켰다. 이상의 결과는 적절한 아임계수 조건이 양파 추출물의 생리활성을 향상시킬 수 있음을 시사한다.

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to develop a regression model to predict the International Roughness Index(IRI) and Surface Distress(SD) for the estimation of HPCI using Expressway Pavement Management System(PMS).METHODS : To develop an HPCI prediction model, prediction models of IRI and SD were developed in advance. The independent variables considered in the models were pavement age, Annual Average Daily Traffic Volume(AADT), the amount of deicing salt used, the severity of Alkali Silica Reaction(ASR), average temperature, annual temperature difference, number of days of precipitation, number of days of snowfall, number of days below zero temperature, and so on.RESULTS : The present IRI, age, AADT, annual temperature differential, number of days of precipitation and ASR severity were chosen as independent variables for the IRI prediction model. In addition, the present IRI, present SD, amount of deicing chemical used, and annual temperature differential were chosen as independent variables for the SD prediction model.CONCLUSIONS: The models for predicting IRI and SD were developed. The predicted HPCI can be calculated from the HPCI equation using the predicted IRI and SD.

본 연구는 밀기울을 초미 분쇄기와 공기분급을 동시에수행하는 설비를 사용하여 분쇄기 회전속도(MS) 3,800,4,800, 5,800rpm, 분리기 회전속도(SRWS) 2,500, 3,000,3,500rpm으로 분쇄하고, 공기분급기 회전속도(ARWS)200, 400, 600rpm으로 분쇄된 밀기울을 공기분급 후 각분급물의 조성 성분을 살펴보았다. 완전요인 실험계획에의하여 획득한 데이터는 반응표면 회귀 분석법으로 통계처리 후 각 조성분에 영향을 미치는 공정 변수를 살펴보았다.조단백질 함량은 조분 분급물의 경우 11.87-14.08%로 조사되었다. 또한, MS(P<0.05)와 ARWS(P<0.01)에 유의적으로영향을 받았다. 조회분 함량의 경우 미분 분급물은 4.08-4.79%였고, 조분 분급물은 3.51-4.24%로 조사되었다. 미분분급물은 MS, SRWS, ARWS 모두 유의적인 영향을 나타냈다(P<0.01). 조분 분급물은 MS(P<0.01), SRWS(P<0.01),ARWS(P<0.05)의 영향을 받았다. 조지방 함량은 미분 분급물의 경우 4.56-5.05%로 조사되었고, MS, SRWS, ARWS에높은 유의성을 나타냈다(P<0.01). 총 전분 함량의 경우 미분 분급물은 22.47-30.94%였으며, 조분 분급물은 9.35-16.83%로 조사되었고, 미분 분급물과 조분 분급물 모두SRWS와 ARWS에 유의적으로 높은 영향을 주는 것으로조사되었다(P<0.01). 본 연구를 통하여 밀기울의 초미분쇄공기분급 공정변수와 분급물의 구성성분에 대한 연관성을확인할 수 있었다.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of α-tocopherol on blastocysts development and subsequent cryosurvival of the vitrification. The α-tocopherol(0, 100, 200, 400 μM) was added in to culture medium for the bovine embryos. The blasocysts from the α-tocopherol and untreated control groups were then frozen-thawed, and their cryosurvival was assessed by in vitro culture for 48 h. There were no differences in the overall cleavage rate(56.14±4.66, 58.18±4.70, 62.97±6.86 and 51.17±7.28) among four treatment groups. However, in blastocyst development and total cell number were significantly higher in α-tocopherol 200 μM(38.60±7.12; 106.33±3.50) to culture medium than other treatment groups(29.30±5.24, 31.60±7.12 and 26.37±4.18; 101.36±5.12, 97.27±2.87, and 91.23±7.52 respectively). Before and after vitrification, the total cell number and blastocyst development of embryo were significantly higher in July to August than September to October. In conclusion, addition of α-tocopherol 200 μM to in vitro bovine embryo culture medium was beneficial for improving embryo quality by decreasing the embryo damage blsstocysts cell number and improving the tolerance of the embryos to cryopreservation.

Periodontal disease is a major oral disorder and comprises a group of infections that lead to inflammation of the gingiva and the destruction of periodontal tissues. PPARy plays an important role in the regulation of several metabolic pathways and has recently been implicated in inflammatory response pathways. However, its effects on periodontal inflammation have yet to be clarified. In our current study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of PPARy on periodontal disease. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) showed high levels of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and -9 (MMP-9). Moreover, these cells also showed upregulated activities for extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK1/2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygnase-2. However, cells treated with Ad/PPARy and rosiglitazone in same culture system showed reduced ICAM-1, VCAM-1, MMP-2, -9 and COX-2. Finally, the anti-inflammatory effects of PPARy appear to be mediated via the suppression of the ERK1/2 pathway and consequent inhibition of NF-kB translocation. Our present findings thus suggest that PPARy indeed has a pivotal role in gingival inflammation and may be a putative molecular target for future therapeutic strategies to control chronic periodontal disease.