The pitch-based activated carbons were prepared with KOH/KMnO4 as a multiple function activation agent to increase the specific capacitance of a supercapacitor electrode active material. And the porous structure and electrochemical properties of activated carbon were analyzed on varying amounts of KMnO4. KMnO4 was decomposed into K2O, MnO, and O2 at the activation temperature of KOH, and MnO was introduced to activated carbon. K2O/ O2 reacts with a surrounding pitch to generate micropores and forms a pathway that exposes MnO to the outside. It also affects to the specific surface area of activated carbon like KOH chemical activation. The enhanced specific surface area and introduced MnO in activated carbon led to a 28.9% increase in specific capacitance.

Fibrous adsorbents, such as activated carbon fibers (ACF) have acknowledged advantages of rapid adsorption rate and ease of modification compared with granular and powdered adsorbents. Based on the surface modification of lyocell-based ACF, we observed different surface characteristics of ACF samples with variation in the mixing ratio and impregnation time of H3PO4, NaCl, and KMnO4 solution. For an engineering application, we also explored the adsorption characteristics of thusproduced ACF samples onto volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Isothermal adsorption experiments were performed using toluene and benzene as adsorbates. Results indicate that both physical and chemical surface properties have an effect on the adsorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

A study on indigenous diatoms was carried out at 10 sites from May 2014 to December 2016 in marine and freshwater in Korea. Seventeen species of diatoms are new to Korea and they are divided into 3 classes, 4 subclasses, 10 orders, 14 families, and 16 genera. The nomenclatures, references, dimensions, specimens examined, local habitat, distribution in Korea, and photograph are reported here. Seventeen species found in marine, freshwater, and brackish water showed species-specific habitats.

We report on the dispersion state of partially reduced graphene oxide (PRGO) in organic solvents, namely methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl acetate, methylene chloride, toluene, and xylene, by controlling the carbon to oxygen (C/O) atomic ratio of the PRGOs. A two-phase solvent exchange method is also proposed to transfer PRGO from water to an aprotic solvent, such as methyl ethyl ketone. We achieve relatively good dispersion in aprotic and non-polar solvents by controlling the C/O atomic ratio of the PRGOs and applying the two-phase solvent exchange method. There is an increase in the glass transition temperatures with the dispersion of PRGOs into amorphous polymers, in particular a 4.4°C increase for poly(methyl methacrylate) and 3.0°C increase for polycarbonate. Good dispersion of PRGO in a nonpolar polymer, such as linear low density polyethylene, is also obtained.

예부선이 항행할 경우 부선의 회두운동으로 인하여 예선은 조종성능에 제한을 받기 때문에 부선의 회두운동을 감소시켜야 안전한 예항업무를 이행할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 부선의 침로안정성을 향상시키기 위한 방안으로 부선의 회두운동에 영향을 미치는 항목들을 조사하기 위하여 수조실험을 실행하였다. 선수 형상에 따라 회두운동 특성이 다르게 나타나기 때문에 서로 다른 선수 형상을 지닌 부선 모델을 대상으로 스케그의 영향, 예인선속의 영향, 예인삭 길이의 영향, 브라이들의 영향에 대하여 종합적으로 분석하였다. 실험결과 스케그의 설치 위치에 의한 효과는 선수형상에 따라서 다르게 나타나고 있는 모습을 보여주고 있다. 부선의 회두운동은 부선에 연결된 예인삭의 길이가 길수록 부선의 회두가 작아짐을 알 수 있었다. 또한 예인삭만 연결한 상태보다 예인삭에 브라이들을 연결하는 것이 부선의 회두가 작아지며, 브라이들의 길이가 길어질수록 부선의 회두운동이 크게 작아짐을 알 수 있었다.

The specific genetic modification in porcine somatic cells by gene targeting has been very difficult because of low efficiency of homologous recombination. To improve gene targeting, we designed three kinds of knock-out vectors with α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene (α1,3-GT gene), DT-A/pGT5’/neo/pGT3’, DT-A/NLS/pGT5’/neo/pGT3’ and pGT5’/neo/ pGT3’/NLS. The knock-out vectors consisted of a 4.8-kb fragment as the 5’ recombination arm (pGT5’) and a 1.9-kb fragment as the 3’ recombination arm (pGT3’). We used the neomycin resistance gene (neo) as a positive selectable marker and the diphtheria toxin A (DT-A) gene as a negative selectable marker. These vectors have a neo gene insertion in exon 9 for inactivation of α1,3-GT locus. DT-A/pGT5’/neo/pGT3’ vector contain only positive-nega-tive selection marker with conventional targeting vector. DT-A/NLS/pGT5’/neo/pGT3’ vector contain positive-negative selection marker and NLS sequences in upstream of 5’ recombination arm which enhances nuclear transport of foreign DNA into bovine somatic cells. pGT5’/neo/pGT3’/NLS vector contain only positive selection marker and NLS sequence in downstream of 3’ recombination arm, not contain negative selectable marker. For transfection, linearzed vectors were introduced into porcine ear fibroblasts by electroporation. After 48 hours, the transfected cells were selected with 300 μg/ml G418 during 12 day. The G418-resistant colonies were picked, of which 5 colonies were positive for α1,3-GT gene disruption in 3´ PCR and southern blot screening. Three knock-out somatic cells were obtained from DT-A/NLS/ pGT5’/neo/pGT3’ knock-out vector. Thus, these data indicate that gene targeting vector using nuclear localization signal and negative selection marker improve targeting efficiency in porcine somatic cells.

본 연구는 냉동 오징어튀김 제품을 단체급식에서 대량튀김 조리하면서 대두유에서 발생하는 휘발성 알데히드류를 측정함으로써 대량 조리가 진행됨에 따라 발생하는 대두유의 품질저하를 평가하고자 하였다. 휘발성 알데히드류는solid phase micro-extraction(SPME)과 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)을 이용하여 분석되었으며pentanal, hexanal, heptanal, (E)-2-heptenal, octanal, (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal, (E)-2-dodecenal, nonanal, (E)-2-nonenal,decanal, (E,E)-2,4-nonadienal, 4-oxononanal, 2-decenal,undecanal, (E,E)-2,4-decadienal, 2-undecenal 등 총 16가지 성분들이 검출되었다. 대조군인 미사용 대두유에서는 9가지성분들만이 소량 검출되었으며, pentanal, hexanal, (Z) or(E)-2-heptenal, (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal, (E,E)-2,4-nonadienal 등5가지 알데히드는 튀김사용 횟수 3회 이상에서 유의적으로증가하였고, (E)-2-dodecenal, nananal, (E)-2-nonenal, 4-oxononanal, (Z) or (E)-2-decenal, (E,E)-2,4-decadienal, 2-undecenal 등 7가지 알데히드는 대조군에 비해 튀김사용횟수 1회에서부터 유의적 차이를 보였으나 그 후 튀김횟수 증가에 따른 유의적 증가는 없었다.